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1.
Dale D. Long Dr. Thomas G. Teates Paul F. Zweifel 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》1992,3(4):109-113
Conclusion It seems reasonable to conclude that the impact of these projects has been extensive and that we have met our basic objectives
regarding the improvement of science education for the target teachers and students. The long-term goal of improved scientific
literacy of at least a part of the citizens of this country and world can only be assessed by some form of longitudinal study
that is beyond the scope and funding for these projects. But our assessment of what has been accomplished in the short term
efforts seems to indicate very positive gains in those areas of knowledge, confidence, and pedagogical capability that we
believe will enable the participants to make contributions to the improvement of scientific literacy for the students with
whom they work.
In short, we believe we have had two successful and worthwhile programs that have been useful and effective. 相似文献
2.
The intergenerational approach is a proven method for education and service programming with older adults, children, and youth. However, the broad scope of intergenerational programming inherently makes it difficult to create general decision‐making processes or models for the selection of appropriate activities for diverse participants. We present a model for decision making in intergenerational programs that is adaptable to a wide variety of participant groups, sponsoring agencies, and program goals. The model emerged as we developed and conducted an intergenerational training program for caregivers of children and the frail elderly. It stresses the importance of involving all constituent groups in planning, delineates five program categories, and establishes four criterion levels for decision‐making regarding appropriate activities. The model will be useful to those planning and implementing intergenerational programs in a vareity of settings. 相似文献
3.
How do open and distance learning institutions review and renew themselves to ensure their continued fitness for purpose? Here we report on the work of a change team in the UK Open University, a Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning created to examine, innovate and improve student support. The existence of the Centre for five years from 2005 to 2010 enabled us to facilitate an extensive programme of practical support activities and to influence long-term university policy development. We are aware that very few institutions will have the luxury of such long-term funding (and do not expect it to be available again in the United Kingdom any time soon). However, we believe that there is much in models of change that can be applied more generally to improve learner support. 相似文献
4.
Tyler W. Watts Jade M. Jenkins Kenneth A. Dodge Robert C. Carr Maria Sauval Yu Bai Maya Escueta Jennifer Duer Helen Ladd Clara Muschkin Ellen Peisner-Feinberg Elizabeth Ananat 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2023,88(1):7-182
We examine the North Carolina Pre-K (NC Pre-K) program to test the hypothesis that observed variation in effects resulting from exposure to the program can be attributed to interactions with other environmental factors that occur before, during, or after the pre-k year. We examine student outcomes in 5th grade and test interaction effects between NC's level of investment in public pre-k and moderating factors. Our main sample includes the population of children born in North Carolina between 1987 and 2005 who later attended a public school in that state, had valid achievement data in 5th grade, and could be matched by administrative record review (n = 1,207,576; 58% White non-Hispanic, 29% Black non-Hispanic, 7% Hispanic, 6% multiracial and Other race/ethnicity). Analyses were based on a natural experiment leveraging variation in county-level funding for NC Pre-K across NC counties during each of the years the state scaled up the program. Exposure to NC Pre-K funding was defined as the per-4-year-old-child state allocation of funds to a county in a year. Regression models included child-level and county-level covariates and county and year fixed effects. Estimates indicate that a child's exposure to higher NC Pre-K funding was positively associated with that child's academic achievement 6 years later. We found no effect on special education placement or grade retention. NC Pre-K funding effects on achievement were positive for all subgroups tested, and statistically significant for most. However, they were larger for children exposed to more disadvantaged environments either before or after the pre-k experience, consistent with a compensatory model where pre-k provides a buffer against the adverse effects of prior negative environmental experiences and protection against the effects of future adverse experiences. In addition, the effect of NC Pre-K funding on achievement remained positive across most environments, supporting an additive effects model. In contrast, few findings supported a dynamic complementarity model. Instrumental variables analyses incorporating a child's NC Pre-K enrollment status indicate that program attendance increased average 5th grade achievement by approximately 20% of a standard deviation, and impacts were largest for children who were Hispanic or whose mothers had less than a high school education. Implications for the future of pre-k scale-up and developmental theory are discussed. 相似文献
5.
Young children, birth through eight, are more diverse than other age groups in the United States. They are more likely to be first- or second-generation immigrants and, as a consequence, more likely to belong to racial-ethnic groups originating outside European nations. Many also live with parents whose heritage language is not English. For these reasons, children in immigrant families merit special attention by policy-makers, program administrators, and others who have responsibility for assuring that the young children of today become competent students, workers, citizens, and parents in the years ahead. The development of effective policies and programs for all children and families depends on having information about their life circumstances, including their family composition, education, work, income, and housing, and for immigrants, also their country of origin, citizenship, and language skills. This article presents new results from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey for 2005, 2006, and 2007, reflecting important life circumstances of young children in immigrant families, compared to those in native-born families. We present new population projections from the U.S. Census Bureau, which highlight the increasingly important role that children of immigrants will play in the economy and civil society during the coming decades. We then discuss implications for the design and implementation of effective policies and programs. 相似文献
6.
Christopher Mikton Mick Power Marija Raleva Mokhantso Makoae Majid Al Eissa Irene Cheah Nancy Cardia Claire Choo Maha Almuneef 《Child abuse & neglect》2013
This study aimed to systematically assess the readiness of five countries – Brazil, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, and South Africa – to implement evidence-based child maltreatment prevention programs on a large scale. To this end, it applied a recently developed method called Readiness Assessment for the Prevention of Child Maltreatment based on two parallel 100-item instruments. The first measures the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs concerning child maltreatment prevention of key informants; the second, completed by child maltreatment prevention experts using all available data in the country, produces a more objective assessment readiness. The instruments cover all of the main aspects of readiness including, for instance, availability of scientific data on the problem, legislation and policies, will to address the problem, and material resources. Key informant scores ranged from 31.2 (Brazil) to 45.8/100 (the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) and expert scores, from 35.2 (Brazil) to 56/100 (Malaysia). Major gaps identified in almost all countries included a lack of professionals with the skills, knowledge, and expertise to implement evidence-based child maltreatment programs and of institutions to train them; inadequate funding, infrastructure, and equipment; extreme rarity of outcome evaluations of prevention programs; and lack of national prevalence surveys of child maltreatment. In sum, the five countries are in a low to moderate state of readiness to implement evidence-based child maltreatment prevention programs on a large scale. Such an assessment of readiness – the first of its kind – allows gaps to be identified and then addressed to increase the likelihood of program success. 相似文献
7.
In 1985, the Higher Education Equity Program was introduced by the Australian Government to improve the participation of those persons from social groups traditionally under-represented within higher education. In 1990, the program was incorporated within A Fair Chance For All which provided more specific details of the government's desire for a system-wide approach to equity issues. One result has been the proliferation of access and equity programs conducted by universities around the country and aimed at redressing the disadvantage of potential students. The alleged success of these programs is based on greater participation in and graduation from Australian universities by individuals from targeted disadvantaged groups. The research reported here, however, would suggest that such programs are prone to co-opt the language of equity and social justice, dependent as they are on satisfying statistically-orientated program performance indicators in order to receive recurrent government funding. Further, the paper argues that success in achieving equity within Australian higher education will remain limited unless the structural arrangements that work to construct social inequalities in mainstream higher education are addressed. 相似文献
8.
9.
Debra A. Felix Mark D. Hertle Jill G. Conley Lori B. Washington Peter J. Bruns 《CBE life sciences education》2004,3(3):189-195
We describe an assessment of the collective impact of 35 grants that the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) made to biomedical research institutions in 1999 to support precollege science education outreach programs. Data collected from funded institutions were compared with data from a control group of institutions that had advanced to the last stage of review but had not been funded. The survey instrument and the results reveal outcomes and impacts that HHMI considers relevant for these programs. The following attributes are considered: ability to secure additional, non-HHMI funding; institution buy-in as measured by gains in dedicated space and staff; enhancement of the program director''s career; number and adoption of educational products developed; number of related publications and awards; percentage of programs for which teachers received course credit; increase in science content knowledge; and increase in student motivation to study science. 相似文献
10.
Christine Sleeter Bob Hughes Elizabeth Meador Patricia Whang Linda Rogers Kani Blackwell 《Equity & Excellence in Education》2013,46(4):290-298
In 1997 the California State University Monterey Bay Master of Arts in Education program began accepting students with the explicit intent of offering an academically challenging curriculum that grounds teacher-leaders in multicultural social justice education. By 2003, the program had successfully attracted and graduated a student population that is as racially and ethnically diverse as the state of California. As eight faculty members who designed and implemented this program, writing from a position of “insider knowledge” regarding how it functioned on a day-to-day basis, we show how culturally and linguistically diverse students, many of whom have been underprepared for rigorous academic work, can attain high levels of academic excellence in a challenging and supportive context. In addition, we explore the tensions and realities of doing this work, especially in a state university context that is experiencing decreased funding that jeopardizes programs such as this one. We write so that our work is not forgotten but rather narrates what is possible. 相似文献
11.
Michelle Behr Christine Marston 《Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk》2014,19(3-4):215-228
Changing demographics, low Latino graduation rates, and changes to education funding—nationally and locally—challenge society to develop innovative strategies to navigate transformations affecting public education. This article presents findings from a collaborative community-engaged evaluation of a dropout prevention program for at-risk male Latino students. Our mixed-methods evaluation finds that the program has had a positive overall impact on its participants. In particular, program participation was associated with an overall rise in grade point averages, fewer failing grades, and a higher probability of graduation, compared to nonparticipants. With respect to behavioral changes, attendance was not improved over the period of program involvement; however, the number of behavioral referrals decreased dramatically. In addition, students and staff members reported that the program enhanced the students’ academic and career attitudes and aspirations. This work reveals the value of innovative programs and targeted interventions outside the classroom for at-risk students. 相似文献
12.
This paper describes experiences in organizing and running an internship component of an undergraduate program in information
systems security. In 2004, Sheridan College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning introduced a novel Bachelor in Applied
Information Sciences (Information Systems Security) program. The intent was to educate well-rounded specialists in the field
and provide them with valuable work experience during the 8-month long co-op term. The research presented here is based on
the co-op officer reports, statistics reported by the co-op office, interviews with the students and other anecdotal data
mainly collected through conversations with the involved parties. Besides providing facts that speak to the quality of the
program and appropriate organization of the job placements, the authors critically examine successes and challenges encountered
in this process. Comparison with other information systems security postsecondary programs in Ontario, Canada, is given based
on type of program, characteristics and focus of curriculum content and length of internship. 相似文献
13.
随着改革开放的深入,农村劳动力大部分外出打工或经商,不少家庭将未成年子女留在家里由祖辈照管,于是出现了教育残缺、子女身心发育不良、道德行为偏差等问题,这不仅是农村家庭的问题,而且关系国家的未来。解决这一问题,可以通过相应的综合途径来实现,如国家的投入、家长的重视等。 相似文献
14.
Elizabeth Foote 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(4):401-404
This article discusses community college involvement in a key welfare-to-work training program, the Jobs Opportunities and Basic Skills Training Program (JOBS), as a mirror to reflect on the larger issue of how federal and state workforce policy impacts publicly-controlled institutions of higher education. A qualitative assessment of JOBS programs at community colleges framed discussion regarding the challenges community colleges face as they attempt to preserve these programs within an era of devolved responsibility for welfare-to-work funding from the federal government to the states. 相似文献
15.
浅析全面收费下研究生教育公平的实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究生教育全面收费有其积极意义,但不能忽视的是,推行后如何保证教育公平的实现。针对研究生教育全面收费后可能引起的教育失衡问题,自主权日益增加的高校应创新机制,更加周密地处理各项相关工作,以尽量减少研究生实行收费制可能造成的负面影响。 相似文献
16.
Lee Little Soldier 《The Urban Review》1985,17(4):225-232
Although many would agree in theory with the notion of bilingual education for Native American pupils, one must look deeper at this complex issue before a commitment is made to such a program. Bilingual programs in reservation schools and off-reservation serving a dominant Indian population make good sense and will continue to provide an important service. Not only do such programs make the transition to school easier for young Native American pupils, but also they provide an important cultural link to the child's heritage and promote positive concepts of self and build prideful identity. In urban areas, however, where approximately half of the Indian population of this country resides, it is difficult to defend bilingual programs because of the many problems involved in implementing such programs successfully. It is probable that these programs will continue to be found mainly in early childhood day care settings. 相似文献
17.
The eight early childhood educators who participated in this study were admitted into a 60-credit statewide distance-delivered Associate of Applied Science (AAS) degree program at the University of Alaska. All eight educators were women of Alaska Native ancestry who lived and worked in remote and rural Native communities. Seven of these teachers were employed by Head Start programs and one taught preschool for a rural school district. A major goal of the statewide distance-delivered AAS program is that participants will become skilled observers of children and learn to use observation to make decisions that foster developmentally appropriate and culturally responsive services. All the course work in our AAS degree program involves actively doing and using observations of children. This study is based on a principle that intrinsic changes can occur in program management, curriculum development, and teacher practice when teachers learn how to use observation of children rather than external evaluation to make decisions about their programs. 相似文献
18.
随着中国经济的发展,面向外国学生的中国法硕士项目有着很大的发展潜力,但由于各种原因又面临发展困境。美国法学院很早就有类似项目的设置,通过与美国法学院的法律硕士项目的比较与分析,在课程设置、教学内容和教学方法等方面加以改进,从国家、学校和学生三个角度加以审视,确立该项目的正确发展方向。 相似文献
19.
Haubert LM Way D DePhilip R Tam M Bishop J Jones K Moffatt-Bruce SD 《Anatomical sciences education》2011,4(4):182-189
Despite extensive experience teaching residents, surgeons are an untapped resource for educating medical students. We hypothesized that by involving surgeons as teachers earlier in the medical school curriculum, medical students' interest in surgery will increase and their opinions of surgeons will improve. Five programs designed to involve surgeons as educators in the medical school curriculum were implemented. The first program, started in 2008, introduced surgical faculty into the first-year medical student anatomy dissection laboratories. Other programs initiated in 2008 included: Surgical Clinical Correlates in Anatomy, which involved faculty teaching through cadaver surgery; Clinical Pathologic Conferences in Anatomy, a surgeon-led conference based on clinical cases; and a women's faculty-student mentorship program. Table Rounds, a surgeon-led anatomy review that used clinical scenarios to quiz students was begun in 2009. All five programs were successfully integrated into the medical school curriculum. While student opinion of surgeons as educators improved, there were no significant changes in student interest in surgery as a career nor change in performance on written examinations over the Anatomy content covered by the surgeons. Surgical faculty and trainees can be integrated into the medical school curriculum. Involving surgeons as educators earlier in the medical school curriculum may have longer term effects than could be observed in this study. At a minimum, the experience improved student opinion of surgeons as educators. 相似文献
20.
Marcia A. Shobe Yvette Murphy-Erby Jared Sparks 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2013,21(5):446-460
Social work faculty experience increasing demands to develop and maintain a research portfolio that includes external funding and publications. Given the increase in research expectations, more part-time instructors are needed to teach courses. In addition to the literature review, we briefly describe a pilot part-time faculty mentorship project developed by our school to build a strong, connected, and consistent part-time faculty team. However, we also wanted to examine mentorship programs at other schools/departments of social work; as a result, we conducted an exploratory research study with social work deans and directors nationwide. Findings suggested that while schools of social work are more likely to employ greater numbers of faculty overall, departments tend to have higher teaching expectations for full-time tenure-track faculty. Despite variability among responses, most schools and departments provide some form of support to part-time faculty members; a lack of resources was given as the primary reason for limited mentorship activities. 相似文献