共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 812 毫秒
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张淑娟 《中山大学学报论丛》1990,(1)
通过调查汕头龙湖片大气污染物:SO_2、NO_x、总悬浮微粒(TSP)和降尘的合量,研究它们在不同功能区的浓度分布、日变化和冬、夏季变化规律,从而评价该地区的大气环境质量,为特区大气环境保护提供科学依据。 相似文献
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分析了大气边界层扩散条件、大气污染源分布及预测、大气污染现状。根据O_3、SO_2和NO_x的模拟计算结果,结合城市总体发展规划,进行了大气环境规划工作。 相似文献
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《绵阳师范学院学报》2021,(2):117-124
ArcGIS软件用于环境空气质量和污染物质时空分布特征分析,对于区域环境保护和管理具有积极作用,以四川省为例研究了2017年空气质量状况及污染程度.研究表明:全省PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、NO_2空间分布规律相似,高浓度主要分布在东部地区; SO_2与CO空间分布规律相似,高浓度主要分布在攀枝花市; O_3高浓度主要分布在成都、德阳、眉山等区域,而东北地区浓度较低;总体上西部空气污染比东部相对较轻. PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_2、CO冬季浓度值最高,NO_2季节变化不明显,O_3在夏季浓度值最高. 相似文献
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石家庄市区大气污染物浓度变化特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《石家庄学院学报》2015,(6):81-87
利用2014-2015年3月SO2,NO2,PM10,PM2.5,CO和臭氧的观测数据,分析了石家庄市主要大气污染物的变化特征.结果表明,臭氧夏季平均浓度值最高;NO2夏季浓度值最低;PM2.5,SO2和CO冬季浓度最高,夏季浓度最低;而PM10浓度春季最高,较为明显的高于其它3个季节.臭氧四季的日变化均呈单峰型,其余五项污染物浓度四季的日变化呈现出"早峰午谷",且夜间出现小高峰.掌握石家庄市大气污染物的变化特征,可为大气环境治理工作与防控措施研究提供科学依据. 相似文献
7.
吴新华 《苏州教育学院学报》1998,(1)
大气是人类生命息息相关的物质,它直接参与人体新陈代谢和体温调节等生理过程.每个人每天呼吸空气约10-16m~3重16公斤左右,为每人每天所需食物和饮水量的5-8倍.据有关资料表明,一个人如断粮3-5周,断水5天尚能勉强生存,但断绝空气3-5分钟就会死亡.地球上的大气约重六千亿万吨,其中95%以上集中在距地面十几公里范围的对流层中,但随着现代工业和交通的迅猛发展,燃料消耗与日俱增,烟尘和汽车尾气的超量排放,远远超越了大气的自净能力,使大气遭受严重污染.现在公认的大气污染物有飘尘、粉灰、液滴以及SO_x、CO、NO_x、烃类和H_2S、NH_3等其它化学物质约100余种.这些污染物使城市呼吸道疾病、癌症、心血管疾病和其它疾病急剧上升,成为人类关注的一个十分严峻的问题. 相似文献
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《河南职业技术师范学院学报(职业教育版)》2021,(2)
根据郑州市2015—2019年的空气质量逐时数据,分析了空气质量的主要变化特征,并探讨了空气质量与气象要素之间的关系.结果表明:近五年来郑州市的空气质量有明显的改善,空气质量指数(AQI)由2015年的134.94降低到了2019年的97.55,降幅达27.71%,在六种主要污染物中,PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_2、CO和NO_2质量浓度呈逐年下降的趋势,分别下降了37.55%、36.23%、71.58%、40.57%和20.98%;O_3质量浓度相反,有逐年上升的趋势,上升了27.44%.污染物的污染呈季节性变化,PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_2、CO、NO_2污染物质量浓度一般在冬季最高,夏季最低,O_3反之;O_3与温度呈强正相关性,AQI与能见度呈负相关.风速、降水量等对空气污染起到一定的改善作用. 相似文献
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《江西电力职业技术学院学报》2017,(1)
随着电力需求的持续增长,煤炭来源的丰富,湖北省火电建设空间将会有较大增长。同时,出于保护环境的需要,国家对SO_2和NO_x等煤炭燃烧污染物的排放进行控制,将会在一定程度上阻碍火电的建设和发展。结合不同阶段湖北省SO_2和NO_x排放控制指标,采用情景分析法,系统测算湖北省火电建设空间,以期对湖北省火电电源建设提供借鉴。 相似文献
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邓戊有 《衡阳师范学院学报》1994,(6)
利用废气自身所含成份一氧化氮具有催化氧化反应的作用，使其中的另一成份二氧化硫被氧化。选择一种对一氧化氮非常有效的吸收剂，吸收分离、循环使用，这样同时除去废气中的氮氧化物和二氧化硫。再用常用的方法除去二氧化碳和一氧化碳，从而达到无害排放的目的。同时回收数种化工产品。 相似文献
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潜艇、洞库等封闭、半封闭空间,由于其所处环境及密闭性等方面的特殊要求,空间内部含有大量的二氧化硫、氮氧化物、一氧化碳等污染气体,严重危害内部人员的健康。基于上述因素,进行封闭空间空气环境质量优化实验系统的构建。该实验系统建成后,能对空间内空气污染物、含尘浓度等进行测量,研究其内部空气污染源特性及空气污染物分布规律,并可对采用的多种空气环境质量优化方案进行分析比较,以便寻求适宜的封闭空间空气污染物处理方法,有效降少对内部人员的危害。 相似文献
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Decomposition of dimethyl sulfide （DMS） in air was investigated experimentally by using a wire-cylinder dielectric barrier discharge （DBD） reactor at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. A new type of high pulse voltage source with a thyratron switch and a Blumlein pulse-forming network （BPFN） was adopted in our experiments. The maximum power output of the pulse voltage source and the maximum peak voltage were 1 kW and 100 kV, respectively. The important parameters affecting odor decomposition, including peak voltage, pulse frequency, gas flow rate, initial concentration, and humidity, which influenced the removal efficiency, were investigated. The results showed that DMS could be treated effectively and almost a 100% removal efficiency was achieved at the conditions with an initial concentration of 832 mg/m3 and a gas flow rate of 1000 ml/min. Humidity boosts the removal efficiency and improves the energy yield （EY） greatly. The EY of 832 mg/m3 DMS was 2.87 mg/kJ when the relative humidity was above 30%. In the case of DMS removal, the ozone and nitrogen oxides were observed in the exhaust gas. The carbon and sulfur elements of DMS were mainly converted to carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide. Moreover, sulfur was discovered in the reactor. According to the results, the optimization design for the reactor and the matching of high pulse voltage source can be reckoned. 相似文献
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The critical curves for binary systems of methane combined with nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethane, propane,
butane and water at temperatures from 125 K to 650 K and pressures from 3.5 MPa to 250 MPa were calculated by using Heilig-Franck
equation of state. This equation of state contains a repulsion term and an attraction term for intermolecular interaction.
With pairwise combination rules for these potentials, three adjustable parameters are needed. The results showed that the
critical curves of the former six binary systems belonged to type I, and CH4+H2O system belonged to type III. The calculated data were compared with the experimental data, which yielded good results for
the pressure-temperature, pressure-composition and temperature-composition behaviors of the seven systems. Moreover, the values
of the adjustable parameters were obtained from the calculation of the critical curves. They can also be used for other relevant
calculation. 相似文献
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闫维东 《宁夏师范学院学报》1999,20(3):30-33
将城区采暖期１１月份和非采暖期４月份空气中二氧化硫和氮氧化物的含量进行测定,并对数据进行统计分析研究,表明冬季取暖时,燃煤排放的废气已对大气环境造成了很大的污染,为城区的大气污染治理提供依据。 相似文献
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Thornber Jillian Stanisstreet Martin Boyes Edward 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1999,8(1):67-73
School students are thought to have an insecure knowledge about the `science' of the air, yet the popular media often feature issues about air pollution, which may either confuse students further, or offer teaching opportunities. This study used a free-form questionnaire to explore 1011 year old students' ideas about the nature of air pollution, and its biological and physical effects. Many think that `gases' pollute the air, using the term in a general, non-scientific sense. However, some students can name individual pollutants (CFCs, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide), perhaps because they associate them with well-known environmental problems. Transport and industry were seen as the main sources of pollutants. Most students stated that air pollution will kill plants and animals. Although fewer thought this true of humans, many thought that people will become ill, with a quarter of the students raising the specific problem of asthma. Some students thought that buildings will be unaffected by air pollution, but many wrote that they would be damaged or become discolored. The view that students' ideas from out-of-school sources, coupled with their intrinsic concern for the environment, may offer starting-points for teaching curriculum science is discussed. 相似文献
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Modeling and multi-objective optimization of a gasoline engine using neural networks and evolutionary algorithms 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
José D.MARTNEZ-MORALES Elvia R.PALACIOS-HERNNDEZ Gerardo A.VELZQUEZ-CARRILLO 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2013,14(9):657-670
In this paper, a multi-objective particle swarm optimization （MOPSO） algorithm and a nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II （NSGA-II） are used to optimize the operating parameters of a 1.6 L, spark ignition （SI） gasoline engine. The aim of this optimization is to reduce engine emissions in terms of carbon monoxide （CO）, hydrocarbons （HC）, and nitrogen oxides （NOx）, which are the causes of diverse environmental problems such as air pollution and global warming. Stationary engine tests were performed for data generation, covering 60 operating conditions. Artificial neural networks （ANNs） were used to predict exhaust emissions, whose inputs were from six engine operating parameters, and the outputs were three resulting exhaust emissions. The outputs of ANNs were used to evaluate objective functions within the optimization algorithms： NSGA-II and MOPSO. Then a decision-making process was conducted, using a fuzzy method to select a Pareto solution with which the best emission reductions can be achieved. The NSGA-II algorithm achieved reductions of at least 9.84%, 82.44%, and 13.78% for CO, HC, and NOx, respectively. With a MOPSO algorithm the reached reductions were at least 13.68%, 83.80%, and 7.67% for CO, HC, and NOx, respectively. 相似文献
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采用带转化炉的氢火焰气相色谱与色谱工作站,通过选择合适的操作条件及标准气体样品,对工业用乙烯、丙烯中痕量的一氧化碳、二氧化碳进行检测,方法的检出限达到μL/m3级水平。对方法的回收率及精密度作试验,测定回收率为97.1%—103.9%,相对标准偏差（n=6）为2.67%~7.40%。 相似文献
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XIA Rui ZHANG Yuan ZHANG Meng-heng LIU Ke-xin WU Jie-yun ZHENG Zhi-rong GONG Yao 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2015,14(3):87-100
Increasing incidents of indoor air quality (IAQ) related complaints lead us to the fact that IAQ has become a significant occupational health and environmental issue. However, how to effectively evaluate IAQ under different scale of multiple indicators is still a challenge. The traditional single-indicator method is subjected to uncertainties in assessing IAQ due to different subjectivity on good or bad quality and scalar differences of data set. In this study, a multilevel integrated weighted average IAQ method including initial walking through assessment (IWA) and two-layers weighted average method are developed and applied to evaluate IAQ of the laboratory building at the University of Regina in Canada. Some important chemical parameters related to IAQ in terms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), methanol (HCHO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) are evaluated based on 5 months continuous monitoring data. The new integrated assessment result can not only indicates the risk of an individual parameter, but also able to quantify the overall IAQ risk on the sampling site. Finally, some recommendations based on the result are proposed to address sustainable IAQ practices in the sampling area. 相似文献