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1.
天然沸石红外光谱X粉末衍射及扫描电镜分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文用X衍射粉末衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜、X射线电子能谱(SEM/EDS)对天然沸石进行了表征。沸石的红外光谱主要由吸收的水份、沸石的骨架振动及Si-O或Al-O的振动引起。沸石表面粗糙,XRD分析表明该沸石属斜发沸石,EDS分析说明沸石主要由硅、铝、氧及钾等元素组成。 相似文献
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Fe-Cr-Ni heat resistant steels with different contents of Al and Si were cast in intermediate frequency induction furnace with non-oxidation method. With oxidation weight gain method, the oxidation resistance of test alloys was examined at 1 200℃ for 500 h. The effects of Al and Si on oxidation resistance were studied through analyses of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is shown that the composition of oxide scales is a decisive factor for the oxidation resistance of heat resistant steels. The compounded scale composed of Cr2O3, ar-Al2O3, SiO2 and Fe(Ni)Cr2O4, with flat and compact structure, fine and even grains, exhibits complete oxidation resistance at 1 200℃ Its oxidation weight gain rate is only 0.081 g/(m2·h). By the criterion of standard Gibbs formation free energy, a model of nucleation and growth of the compounded scale was established. The formation of the compounded scale was the result of the competition of being oxidated and reduction among Al, Si, and the matrix metal elements of Fe, Cr and Ni. The protection of the compounded scale was analyzed from the perspectives of electrical conductivity and strength properties. 相似文献
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As a raw material,kaolin was modified to prepare a high-performance ammonium ion-exchange material.According to cation-exchange capacity (CEC) measurement,the prepared ammonium ion-exchange material has an ammonium ion-exchange capacity greater than 75mg/g and can be used to remove ammonia nitrogen in water treatment.A pharmaceutical extruder-rounder was used to study the effects of granulation process.Polyethylene glycol6000 (PEG-6000) was used as the pore-forming agent and calcining temperature of 650℃ was used as the optimal condition.NMR data indicate that 27 Al is mainly converted from hexa-coordinated Al to tetra-coordinated Al during the modification.Compared with 29 Si in the original kaolin,29 Si in the modified kaolin does not have an obvious change.A comparison of the data with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models shows a good correlation.The Freundlich model describes the process more accurately,and the adsorption process of ammonia nitrogen in water with the ammonium ion-exchange material closely matches the pseudo-second-order reaction. 相似文献
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用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对云冈石窟石雕风化物进行了研究,从微观角度分析了不同开凿年代风化样品差异的原因和不同深度样品在微观角度呈现的差异现象。结果表明：随着时间的推移,石雕风化物中的Al4Si4O10（OH）8含量逐渐减少,而SiO2和KAlSi3O8的相对增多。元素Al和Si的含量开凿于晚期的相对高于开凿于早期的石窟,而开凿于晚期的石窟中元素K的含量则低于开凿于早期的石窟。纵向看,石雕风化物表层K,Al元素含量高于内层,Si元素的含量则低于内层的值。 相似文献
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利用沉淀法白炭黑生产工艺,以泡花碱、硫酸为原料,通过添加分散剂和优化生产工艺技术,制备了高比表面纳米级沉淀白炭黑产品,并采用FT-IR、XRD、SEM、TG-DTA及N2吸附-脱附等测试技术对白炭黑产品结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明：制备的白炭黑属于以水合氧化硅形成的无定形态的微孔材料,BET比表面积为402.40m2/g,粒子分散均匀无团聚现象,粒径在80～100nm范围,孔形规整、孔径尺寸均匀、孔径分布区域为0.54～0.56nm。 相似文献
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采用浸渍法在二氧化硅多孔材料中负载壳聚糖制备壳聚糖/SiO2复合材料,通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱等方法对所制备材料的组成与结构进行了表征,采用热重-差示扫描量热法研究了复合材料的热稳定性,采用电流中断法测定所制备材料的电导率来衡量其质子传导性能,并考察了壳聚糖溶液浓度对壳聚糖/SiO2复合材料导电性能的影响。结果表明,壳聚糖/SiO2复合材料具有较高的热稳定性,复合材料的电导率随着壳聚糖乙酸溶液浓度的增加而增加,当壳聚糖乙酸溶液质量百分比浓度为2.5%时,电导率可达1.82 S/cm。 相似文献
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MN2 DOPED ZN2SIO4 PHOSPHORS WERE SYNTHESIZED BY SOL-GEL METHOD, AND THE INFLUENCE OF ZINC SOURCE. MN2 DOPANT CONCENTRATION AND ANNEALING TEMPERATURE WERE INVESTIGATED. RESULTS SHOW THAT ZINC NITRATE BASED PRECURSOR WITH STRONG GREEN EMISSION INTENSITIES IS BETTER THAN ZINC ACETATE BASED PRECURSOR. THE INTENSITY OF GREEN LIGHT EMISSION REACHES A PEAK AT 254 NM WHEN THE MN2 DOPANT CONCENTRATION IS ABOUT 5%( MOLAR PERCENTAGE). STRUCTURAL DETAILS OF THE PHOSPHORS WERE EXAMINED THROUGH X-RAY DIFFRACTOMETRY. THERMOGRAVIMETRIC AND DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS. THE RESULT INDICATES THAT THEY ARE BOTH RHOMBOHEDRAL STRUCTURES, WHICH REMAIN AMORPHOUS BELOW 700 ℃ AND CRYSTALLIZE COMPLETELY AROUND 1 000 ℃. THE LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF ZN:SIO4/MN2 PHOSPHORS WERE CHARACTERIZED BY EXCITATION AND EMISSION SPECTRA. 相似文献
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ZHOU Yi-lin ZENG Ning XU Liang-jun JORGENS Stefan 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(3):384-392
A kind of low power connector used e.g. in household appliances was partly burned in routine experiment. The heat sources were four paralleled contacts constructed by springs (Sn/CuSn-alloy) in socket and a plug sheet (Ni/Steel) while mating. The contact interfaces were detected by scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectros- copy (XEDS), obvious wear tracks and various contaminants, including element Si, Al, Na, K, S, Cl, O, etc., were found. The contamination degrees on the four paralleled contacts were different, so that the ratio of average contact resistance on the four contacts was about 5:8:3:1. The maximum contact resistance on contacts of the plug sheet reached 28 ?. The main failure rea- sons were fretting and contamination between the contact interfaces. Fretting simulation showed that connection resistance of connectors was raised up, even to ohms level. When the current increased to 5 A, the socket housing was heated and decom- posed. By the thermal analysis, it was estimated that the connector would be burned under the lower current if the current was not evenly distributed on the four paralleled contacts caused by uneven contamination. Improvement methods for connector failure are also discussed. 相似文献
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目的:采用共沉淀法和溶剂热法制备Fe_3O_4纳米磁性粒子,对其药物控释性能进行检测。方法:以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为前驱体,采用Stober法,在乙醇/水溶液中,通过氨水催化水解硅醇盐,制得核壳式结构的Fe_3O_4/SiO_2复合磁性微球;以X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、Fourier红外光谱(FTIR)等手段表征样品的结构,研究复合材料的耐酸性、磁分离行为及对药物布洛芬的缓释行为。结果:SEM显示Fe_3O_4与Fe_3O_4/SiO_2粒子均为纳米颗粒,粒径分布基本均匀;与溶剂热法比较,共沉淀法制得的Fe_3O_4晶粒结晶度较好,XRD衍射峰强,SiO_2的包裹使得Fe_3O_4尖锐的特征衍射峰稍微下降,表明包覆过程没有破坏其晶体结构,Fe_3O_4/SiO_2样品谱图中出现了无定型SiO_2的衍射峰,红外谱图同样出现了无定型SiO_2的透射峰。结论:表面二氧化硅的包覆显著改善了四氧化三铁纳米粒子的耐酸性,磁分离实验表明二氧化硅的包裹减弱了Fe_3O_4的磁性,布洛芬缓释实验表明Fe_3O_4/SiO_2复合磁性微球具有较好的药物缓释效果。 相似文献
10.
吴玉萍缪诗盈周忠华黄悦 《福建工程学院学报》2021,(4):356-359
采用St?ber法合成碱性二氧化硅(SiO2)溶胶,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备酸性SiO2溶胶,共混两种溶胶,在玻璃基板上制备含“蛋挞状”结构SiO2复合薄膜。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、红外测试(FTIR)和接触角(CA)对复合膜进行结构表征。结果表明,含“蛋挞状”结构的SiO2 复合膜,不仅是一种粗糙层次结构,表现超疏水性,而且蛋挞中的220 nm SiO2“ 蛋黄”是相对平整区,能够减缓摩擦对结构的影响,具有较好的耐磨性。 相似文献
11.
使用自组装法制备得到SiO2颗粒,测试得到其平均孔径约为3.61nm,此孔径大小与模板十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）的分子层间距有关。将自组装得到的SiO2颗粒依次浸泡于硝酸银（AgNO3）溶液和硫代硫酸钠（Na2S2O3）溶液中,反应后光照此混合液得到复合材料Ag-SiO2。此复合材料的微观结构可通过X-射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、紫外-可见光谱（UV-Vis）及红外光谱（FT-IR）来表征,产物为球状复合颗粒,其中Ag纳米粒子被均匀的锁定于SiO2颗粒中,避免了Ag粒子的聚集。在抗菌性测试中发现此复合颗粒的抗菌性优于单一纳米Ag,文中还讨论了此类抗菌剂的作用机理。 相似文献
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Ferrospheres in fly ashes from a coal-fired power plant were extracted by a magnetic separation technique and their microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive X-ray analysis （EDX） and environmental scanning electron microscopy （ESEM）. Ferrospheres in fly ashes show significant iron enrichment compared to their respective fly ashes. Iron oxides in ferrospheres mainly occur as minerals magnetite （Fe3O4） and hematite （α-Fe2O3）, which are derived mainly from the decomposition and oxidation of iron-bearing minerals in coal during combustion. EDX data indicate that ferrospheres also contain Si, S, Al and Ca resulting from quartz, mullite, anhydrite and amorphous materials. A large percentage of ferrospheres are commonly 5-50 μm in size. The microstructure of ferrospheres includes smooth, polygonal, dendritic, granular and molten drop characteristics. SEM coupled with EDX provided fast and accurate results of the microstructure and chemical composition of ferrospheres, and helped us to assess environmental issues related to the disposal and utilization of fly ashes. 相似文献
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Low valence vanadium oxide（VO2-x） thin films were prepared on SiO2/Si substrates at room temperature by direct current facing targets reactive magnetron sputtering, and then processed through rapid thermal annealing. The effects of the annealing on the structure and phase transition property of VO2 were discussed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction technique and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to study the phase composition and structure of the thin films. The resistance-temperature property was measured. The results show that VO2 thin film is obtained after annealed at 320℃ for 3 h, its phase transition temperature is 56 ℃, and the resistance changes by more than 2 orders. The vanadium oxide thin films are applicable in thermochromic smart windows, and the deposition and annealing process is compatible with micro electromechanical system process. 相似文献
15.
明胶／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的插层机理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在均相溶液中制备了明胶 /蒙脱土纳米复合材料 ,并用 XRD,F TIR及 1 3 C NMR对复合产物进行了表征 ,探讨了插层机理 .研究结果表明 ,明胶分子能够插入蒙脱土层间形成插层或剥离结构的驱动力来自于明胶分子链上的 -NH 3和 -COO- 与蒙脱土强烈的相互作用 ,明胶分子可通过 -N H 3 与蒙脱土层间阳离子交换而插入层间 ,也可通过 -COO-与蒙脱土片层基团的配位作用而插入层间 .以月桂酸为模型阐述 -COO- 与蒙脱土的相互作用 相似文献
16.
司富珍 《伊犁师范学院学报》2014,(4):97-101
关于并列结构的基础生成,学界有不同观点,在司富珍（2009）和叶雅琴（2013）的基础上,对学界观点进行批评性吸引后认为,并列结构的基础生成应该存在句子并列和短语并列两种情况,很多语言（如德语、英语等）的并列结构中存在的非成分并列、不同语类成分的并列等表面复杂的现象应该是由上面两种并列结构中的一种基础生成,再经过类似数学中的提取公因式,合并同类项的操作而来. 相似文献
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设计了一种一维光子晶体的太阳能电池底部反射器,采用平面波展开法(PWM)计算禁带,得到当两个材料的介电常数差越大时,完全禁带越宽,对于Si/Air和Si/SiO2都在700～1 200 nm出现完全禁带,在此基础上利用勒让德多项式展开方法(LPEM)对该结构进行最优化,寻找到了高反射率时周期层数N,并考察了当入射角度不同时反射谱效率的问题,得出随着入射角度的增加,两种不同结构的一维光子晶体完全禁带均出现蓝移,证明了此种结构反射器具有高效的全方位反射性。把这种结构的背反射层用作太阳能电池的反射器可以大大提高电池的捕光能力,从而提高太阳能电池的的转化效率。 相似文献
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采用紫外-可见光谱、荧光光谱、同步荧光光谱和圆二色(CD)光谱等方法研究了人血红蛋白与亚硝酸钠配位反应的光谱学性质。结果表明:血红蛋白与亚硝酸钠配位反应的进行受血红素中心铁原子价态的影响。高铁血红蛋白与亚硝酸钠发生配位反应生成Hb(III)-NaNO2;亚铁血红蛋白与亚硝酸钠反应生成Hb(II)-NaNO2。但是随着时间的推移,Hb(II)-NaNO2配合物逐渐解离,解离出的亚铁血红蛋白逐渐被氧化成高铁血红蛋白,溶液中的亚硝酸钠再与高铁血红蛋白反应,最终生成Hb(III)-NaNO2配合物。此外,荧光光谱、同步荧光光谱和CD数据显示亚硝酸钠的加入改变了血红蛋白氨基酸残基的微环境,且作用点更接近于色氨酸残基位置,而对蛋白质二级结构影响甚微。 相似文献
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Pt/Ti bottom electrodes were fabricated on SiO2/Si substrates by magnetron dual-facing-target sputtering system. Lead zirconate titanate(PZT) thin films were deposited on Pt/Ti/ SiO2/Si substrates by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering system. The thickness of PZT thin films which were deposited for 5 h was about 800 nm. XRD spectra show that PZT thin films deposited in Ar ambience and rapid-thermal-annealed for 20 min at 700 ℃ have good crystallization behavior and perovskite structure. AFM micrographs show that mean diameter of crystallites is 70 nm and surface structures of PZT thin films are uniform and dense. Raw mean, root mean square roughness and mean roughness of PZT thin films are 34.357 nm, 2.479 nm and 1.954 nm respectively. As test frequency is 1 kHz, dielectric constant of PZT thin films is 327.6. Electric hysteresis loop shows that coercive field strength, residual polarization strength and spontaneous polarization strength of PZT thin films are 50 kV/cm, 10 μC/cm2 and 13 μC/cm2 respectively. 相似文献