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1.
Johannes Westberg 《History of education》2015,44(4):415-436
The emergence of mass schooling is undoubtedly one of the most significant transformations that took place during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This article takes a new approach to this fundamental issue by analysing the historical conditions required for the construction of school buildings and the advent of mass schooling, in the 1840–1900 period. Using the school building process as a point of departure, the growth of schooling is tied not only to well-known factors such as industrialisation, state formation processes and the decentralisation of school systems, but also to the expansion of the market economy, modernisation of the credit market, liberalisation of the real property market, changes in local tax systems, and the expansion of the building materials market. Thus, a broader and largely novel explanation of the emergence of mass schooling is accomplished. 相似文献
2.
Pär Isling Poromaa 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2017,38(3):384-402
This article examines the objective possibilities of Swedish schools to offer an equal and functional pedagogical practice for students’ acquisition of knowledge and skills. The data consist of policy documents, observations, and interviews with students, teachers, and head teachers in three educational settings distinguished by different social demographics. The focus allows for a comparative understanding of how tangible objects generate formations of schools as a relational phenomenon depending on geographic location and social background of students. The article indicates that the impact of materiality lies in its preceding power. It shapes the condition of institutions visualised in architecture, buildings, and the quality of and design of facilities and artefacts. From this material root emanates schools’ values, appeal, social status, and pedagogical organisations – school effects – that empower or weaken the school’s attraction and self-confidence. Different materialities influence each school’s institutional habitus, producing school effects with unequal educational outcomes. 相似文献
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Kate Pahl 《Literacy》2001,35(3):120-125
This article compares a child’s drawings at home with a child’s drawings at school. The drawings were of maps, which had been a school topic. As part of a longitudinal study looking at children’s text making at home and at school three particular homes were focused on for eighteen months. This article looks at one home – that of a six year old Turkish boy who lives with his mother and brother. The case study illustrates how children can take something learned at school and transform it at home. The article starts with discussing the text created in the home, then compares this to texts created at school. The point is made that children can activate meaning in a different way at home than at school. While this is one case study, it suggests that transforming artefacts across sites may be something children do that often goes undocumented. 相似文献
5.
This paper examines how the idea of “race” is represented in high school Canadian history textbooks. It looks at textbooks authorized by the Province of Ontario between 1940 and 1960 and those authorized after 2000. It is argued in this paper that even though historical racisms have increasingly made their way into Canadian history textbooks as valid and important topics of study, and despite explicit efforts by those responsible for the production of these textbooks to clarify the meaning and consequences of racism, the idea of “race” has persisted in much the same way as it did centuries ago – as a take‐for‐granted fact of Nature tied to ideas about human type, lineage and heritage. Through problematic use of the term “race” and through a redundant emphasis on seemingly neutral categories such as origin, ethnicity and descent, the textbooks preoccupy themselves with human typology and articulate a sense that blood matters in the constitution and construction of the Canadian nation. 相似文献
6.
MARY SCANLAN 《Support for Learning》2012,27(1):4-10
This article outlines how home and school working together supported the writing of lower‐achieving boys. It describes an activity in which parents and children selected artefacts at home to inspire writing in school. This model of home–school partnership permitted different levels of parental involvement and also allowed the child to take a key role in the process. The activity made a positive impact on the writing of low‐achieving boys in terms of the amount and quality of writing produced and also in relation to confidence and motivation to write. Oracy played an important part in the process. Parents gave support through talk in the home and children orally presented their artefacts and discussed how they planned to write about them in school. The importance of the teacher in supporting the writing process through talk is also discussed. 相似文献
7.
Katharine Kennedy 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2016,52(1-2):76-91
AbstractA crucial historical intersection of war and education asks how schooling contributed to convincing people to fight and to sacrifice their own lives, and those of their loved ones, in wars. This article addresses this question by asking how primary schools, in one country, namely Germany, over several tumultuous generations, used songs to teach children about soldiers’ lives and deaths. Songs, because they are short, often repeated, and laden with emotion, merit attention in studies of education for war. Examination of school songbooks and curricula shows that songs commonly taught in German primary schools from the late German Empire, through the First World War and the Weimar Republic, and into the Third Reich and Second World War consistently exalted sacrificial death for fatherland. The routine presence of these songs contributed to presenting death for the fatherland as a holy cause, and making sacrificial death in battle imaginable. Wartime sources suggest that songs learned at school also went to war. Engaging with scholarship concerning continuity and change in the history of German education, as well as with work concerning sacrificial death in the construction of the nation, this article compares older soldier songs with songs introduced by the Nazis, showing how National Socialism appropriated older songs, while imposing its own more expansive, less personalised conception of war and resulting death. 相似文献
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‘New people create new buildings, but new buildings also create New people’, so wrote the German art critic Fritz Wichhert in The New Building: Art as Educator in 1928. The social and psychological legacy of the First World War was deeply profound and affected how people thought about the future. Children were seen to symbolise a new and better future and Modernist architects saw their role as helping to build a new society, a society where the design of schools was seen as an agent of social change. The focus of this article is on the role of the avant-garde in this reforming social project and its impact on school design. It is organised into four sections. The first section introduces the terms modernism and avant-garde in relation to (school) architecture, particularly British modernism. The second section focuses in on the experiences of émigré architects in conservative 1930s England, and in particular the support they received from refugee organisations and their treatment by the state as war in Europe became a reality. The third section discusses the role of these architects in the construction of modernist schools in England. In the fourth and final section the impact of émigré architects on modernist schools in England is discussed along with the concepts of transnational history and cultural transfer. 相似文献
9.
Thomas S. Popkewitz 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1988,19(2):221-249
Mathematics cannot be treated solely as a logical construction or a matter of psychological interpretation. What is defined as school mathematics is shaped and fashioned by social and historical conditions that have little to do with the meaning of mathematics as a discipline of knowledge. To understand school conditions, the essay considers (1) the social and cultural issues that underlie the patterns of schooling; (2) the assumptions and implications of curriculum languages for teaching mathematics, and (3) the contradictory meaning of change and reform that underlie current efforts to improve instruction. 相似文献
10.
加强基建事前管理降低工程造价刍议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李佳山 《湘潭师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2005,27(1):26-28
我们结合当前高校基建事前管理，分别从优化设计、招投标、签订施工合同三方面对怎样降低工程造价进行了阐述，对如何提高高校基本建设经济效益有重要指导性意义。 相似文献
11.
Margaret Zeegers 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2011,32(3):343-356
This paper deals with a project establishing an Indigenous Australian artists-in-residence program at a regional Australian primary school to foreground its Black History. Primary school students worked with Indigenous Australian story tellers, artists, dancers and musicians to explore ways in which they could examine print and non-print texts for a critical appreciation of ways in which their school has been positioned in the physical landscape on the land, and in the historical landscape, where Indigenous Australian roles and contributions have continued to be marginalised. From such critical engagement, the children have created non-print texts of their own: tangible, durable artefacts of acknowledgment of their own school's Black History. Constructed as texts which may be read by all who enter the school, the artefacts produced are visual texts that have formed part of a continuing critical engagement with creators of Indigenous Australian texts, and interpretation by the children of the texts that they have engaged as part of this project. 相似文献
12.
WANG Ji-ming 《无锡教育学院学报》2007,(3)
从中国高校校园规划建设近年来转向校园优化和维护的趋向出发,通过中美高校校园规划建设比较,特别是在校园规划的前瞻性和延续性、现代建筑建设与旧建筑改造的和谐、大体量建筑与小体量建筑的协调、教学区服务设施的完善、实验室使用效率的提高、校园环境保护、历史文化传承、建设资金筹措、数字化校园建设、现代化设施改造等方面的比较,强调必须立足于中国高校发展的实际,结合我国高校校园规划建设的特点和文化历史传统,吸收美国高校校园规划建设的一些优点和成熟做法,为我国高校校园规划建设可持续发展服务。 相似文献
13.
This article moves beyond book-based school ‘wide reading’ to propose constellations of multimodal media, including music videos, fashion parades, literary works, online games and material artefacts, along with associated pedagogies, as sponsors of pleasure. The article, based on empirical research with teachers in an Australian secondary school, proposes how the pleasure teachers experience in textual curation and research during curriculum planning might inform understandings of what reading might be for students. The author also considers the barriers to recognising diverse texts as having merit for study. Featuring Mattel’s Barbie, Kanye West and Andy Warhol, the article demonstrates how curation can inspire a vibrant reading fan culture and asks how teachers and students can negotiate or co-design ‘reading for pleasure’ curricula that make meaningful use of learner desires to seek collaboratively and collate creatively traces of meaning across media. Reading is an inevitable, spontaneous and enjoyable aspect of these practices. 相似文献
14.
Vina Adriany 《Gender and education》2019,31(6):724-741
This paper attempts to explore young children’s construction of femininities in a kindergarten in Indonesia. Using a postdevelopmentalist and postcolonial approach, this paper seeks to understand how young children in the school develop, negotiate and resist existing gender construction. This paper is based on an ethnography research conducted in 2010 for eight months. Findings of this study reveal that discourse of femininities in the school is situated in the discourse of a princess. This paper argues that there are multiple meanings attached to the discourse of a princess. It does not only become a signifier for femininity, but it also acts as a signifier for social class. The findings also suggest that the discourse perpetuates the legacy of colonisation in the school. It is, then, recommended that, in order for kindergarten teachers to be able to disrupt the construction of femininities, they need to be able to understand multiple meaning of femininities as well as power relation embodied in the construction. 相似文献
15.
Sylvia Ya-Hsuan Yang Stephanie Sanders-Smith 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2023,42(3):454-468
This intrinsic case study examines art museum learning of elementary school students during a week-long visit at the Mackenzie Art Museum. Museums are informative institutions that provide opportunities for visitors to engage with self, others, and society. It is a unique place for visitors to learn beyond classroom settings. This project aims to analyse the discourse around art and understand how young learners utilise discourse as tools to make meaning during art museum visits. By examining learners' dialogues, the research investigated a meaning-making framework that incorporates strategies for negotiating insights in art museums. This study includes approximately 12 hours of video-recorded data and student artefacts. The data suggests learners engage and form new meanings through building and negotiating discourses with peers and museum educators. Different discourses and knowledge are valued and reinforced by members of the group. This study addresses the gap in children's meaning-making during art museum visits, illustrating their strategies to construct knowledge and bridge connections. 相似文献
16.
Maja Huber 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2013,19(2):139-156
This research study investigates co-ordination strategies within schools, their relationships to both teacher and student commitment to school, and the relationship between student commitment and student achievement in Switzerland. Two different kinds of co-ordination strategies, structural and cultural, can be distinguished. Structural co-ordination strategies have to do with formal, lasting arrangements that allow an organisation to operate. These include roles, rules, procedures, and authority relations. Cultural co-ordination strategies are related to the nature of communications and the consensus on organisational goals in the school. Cultural mechanisms shape what teachers want to do. Drawn from TIMSS, the sample for the present analyses included principals, teachers and students in 178 classes at the lower secondary level in three Swiss cantons: Bale-Country, Berne and Zurich. Multiple regression analyses carried out with different indicators of teacher and student commitment to school showed that school coordination strategies can make a difference, although the effects were rather small. A further analysis that included student commitment indicators as predictors of mathematics achievement suggests that the affective/social and the cognitive domains are relatively independent at class level. 相似文献
17.
夏热冬冷地区夏季闷热,冬季阴冷,居民冬夏两季对室内的通风换气均有较高的需求.以夏热冬冷地区采暖居住建筑为研究对象,针对室内不同功能空间的自然通风方式进行了优化设计,做到保证夏季良好通风效果的前提下,同时协调冬季室内空气品质与采暖能耗的矛盾,提出了兼顾该地区冬夏两季室内风环境需求的自然通风设计策略. 相似文献
18.
在高等职业教育迅猛发展的今天,校园文化建设越来越成为影响和制约五年制高等职业学校发展的重要因素,也是直接影响五年制高等职业学校学生成长的环境因素。然而由于观念和历史等原因,五年制高等职业学校的校园文化建设普遍存在着"五年制高等职业教育"特色缺乏的问题。针对这些现状,从校园文化的内涵入手,在归纳意义和分析现状后,探寻构建新时期五年制高等职业学校校园文化建设的策略。 相似文献
19.
For centuries, Switzerland has been a multilingual country (which currently has no less than four official languages.) Furthermore, one of those languages, German, is characterised by bigraphism (i.e. the coexistence of two different type styles). This article discusses the role played by language and writing systems in the great educational scheme that was designed to create a shared national identity among Swiss people – despite the friction caused by cantonal and local idiosyncrasies, different cultural backgrounds, and deep-rooted traditions. It focuses on the timespan from the mid-nineteenth century to the end of the First World War, a period during which nation-states were formed all over Europe. The findings show how language and writing systems were intertwined with local, cantonal and national identities in a state (Switzerland) that had no uniform national language. It was through the use of language and writing that ideas of ‘us’ (herein, the Swiss) and ‘others’ (herein, the non-Swiss) were constructed, disseminated and perpetuated. 相似文献
20.
以一个典型历史地段更新的实际工程为例，尝试利用综合的分析评价方式，解析空间与人，空间与社会，空间与文化的关系，并结合不同的设计手法，使得城市空间、历史建筑为文化传承和城市发展做出贡献。同时也探讨了城市特色的营造与历史建筑的保护更新之间相互制约的关系，阐述了重视这二者关系在城市设计中的现实意义。 相似文献