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1.
Ludo Waltman 《Journal of Informetrics》2012,6(4):700-711
There are different ways in which the authors of a scientific publication can determine the order in which their names are listed. Sometimes author names are simply listed alphabetically. In other cases, authorship order is determined based on the contribution authors have made to a publication. Contribution-based authorship can facilitate proper credit assignment, for instance by giving most credits to the first author. In the case of alphabetical authorship, nothing can be inferred about the relative contribution made by the different authors of a publication.In this paper, we present an empirical analysis of the use of alphabetical authorship in scientific publishing. Our analysis covers all fields of science. We find that the use of alphabetical authorship is declining over time. In 2011, the authors of less than 4% of all publications intentionally chose to list their names alphabetically. The use of alphabetical authorship is most common in mathematics, economics (including finance), and high energy physics. Also, the use of alphabetical authorship is relatively more common in the case of publications with either a small or a large number of authors. 相似文献
2.
[目的/意义] 构建多维指标的综合影响力评价模型,为不同层次挖掘高价值文献提供新途径。[方法/过程] 选取临床神经病学、化学与物理、地球科学作为自然科学的代表学科,信息科学与图书馆学、经济学、教育研究作为社会科学的代表学科,在Web of Science核心合集中收集引文指标数据,在Altmetric.com平台中收集Altmetrics计量指标数据,通过指标覆盖率和指标间相关性进行指标筛选,然后利用主成分分析方法建立不同学科的论文综合影响力指标模型并对比分析。[结果/结论] 不同学科的差异使论文影响力评价模型采用的指标有所区别,自然科学和社会科学论文影响力评价模型中共同保留的指标为被引频次、Mendeley、Blogs。在论文综合影响力评价中,学术影响力依然占据主导地位,社会影响力的测评研究发展迅速,两者结合的定量评价能挖掘出综合影响力较高的文献。 相似文献
3.
[目的/意义]人文社科和理工科的学科服务工作有各自的特色,高校图书馆如何做好人文社科学科服务值得探讨。[方法/过程]通过文献调研了解国内人文社科学科服务研究和实践,总结人文社科学科特点,重点介绍清华大学图书馆哲学学科服务实践。[结果/结论]长期存在的重理轻文的潜意识对人文社科学科服务依然有负面影响。人文社科学科服务实证研究偏少。清华大学图书馆人文社科学科服务践行全覆盖、个性化、重细节、有情怀的学科服务理念,从基础工作开始,扎实推进,支撑学科发展,扩大学科影响,促进人文思想的普及和传播。 相似文献
4.
[目的/意义]在线学术社交为快速监测和深入理解学科发展态势及科学启示提供了有效途径与新颖视角。[方法/过程]提出基于学术社交的学科分析框架，在跟踪学科间关联轨迹基础上，从影响力和跨学科性二个维度开展学科比较，以从多级学科视角揭示我国学术社交模式。以科学网为对象，聚焦于好友关系，分别从学科分类的三个层级（学科领域、一级学科、二级学科）开展实证研究。[结果/结论]通过描述性统计分析，发现生命科学领域具有社交规模优势，而管理综合领域具有社交强度优势；结合统计分析与桑基图展示，发现以计算机科学为核心的相关一级学科群组（如自动化、电子学与信息系统、管理科学与工程、图书馆情报与文献学）成为社交网络的热门；通过二维象限图，发现学术社交模式在多学科粒度切换中展现出多样化、动态化特征，仅有少数模式能够保持稳定性，比如管理综合领域呈现高跨学科倾向，生命科学领域呈现出低影响力，计算机科学呈现高影响力。 相似文献
5.
The paper reviews the literature on disciplinary credit assignment practices, and presents the results of a longitudinal study of credit assignment practices in the fields of economics, high energy physics, and information science. The practice of alphabetization of authorship is demonstrated to vary significantly between the fields. A slight increase is found to have taken place in economics during the last 30 years (1978–2007). A substantial decrease is found to have taken place in information science during the same period. High energy physics is found to be characterised by a high and stable share of alphabetized multi-authorships during the investigated period (1990–2007). It is important to be aware of such disciplinary differences when conducting bibliometric analyses. 相似文献
6.
Journal articles are the most common publication format for U.S. academic health sciences librarians. This is consistent with the findings of other researchers. Of the total publications in this study, 68% were in journals. Watson found that 69% of the academic librarians' publications were published in some type of journal [8]. Similarly, Yerkey and Glogowski found that 67% of the publications in their study were journal articles, although their population consisted of all types of authors of library/information science materials [9]. Both the present study and Watson found that monographs were the second most common publication outlet. Watson found that 16% of the total publications were monographs; the current study identified 14.8% of the total publications as monographs [10]. Although Watson's findings are similar to the newer results, it is important to note that Watson's study was conducted in a different manner and included book reviews, which were not counted in the present study. The health sciences librarians in the present study published more than two thirds of their articles in library/information science journals and 27% in health sciences journals. Similarly, in Yerkey and Glogowski's study, the second-largest number of library/information science articles appeared in medical and health sciences journals [11]. Fang also found that 22.57% of the journal articles on health sciences librarianship or by health sciences librarians were in medical journals [12. This seems to demonstrate the desire of health sciences librarians to communicate with the health professionals. Yerkey and Glogowski that library and information science is an interdisciplinary field, "borrowing and supplying information to and from other disciplines"[13]. 相似文献
7.
文章调查研究英国、荷兰、美国、日本的典型人文社会科学研究评价活动,发现这些国家人文社会科学研究评价具有高度制度化、国际化的特点,研究成果的原创性、研究的社会影响、研究的可持续发展性成为评价标准的主要内容,评价过程规范且由专家主导,计量指标只供专家参考,基于高水平代表作的外部评价是一种基本评价形式。这些经验对于建立我国人文社会科学研究评价体系,引导人文社会科学研究面向社会实践、面向国际水准、面向可持续发展,具有重要借鉴意义。 相似文献
8.
In this paper, we conduct a comparative analysis to examine the characteristics and evolutionary trends of open access (OA) publications in natural and social sciences. We use data recorded by Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index, and Journal Citation Reports during 2001–2015 as the main source. We then comparatively analyse the characteristics of natural and social sciences in terms of historical evolution, main contributors, and distribution of OA journals and publications across different languages, disciplines, and impact factor quartiles. Our results suggest that both natural and social sciences experienced dramatic growth of OA journals since 2009, but the share of social science OA journals within journal impact factor quartile 1 is much lower than that of natural sciences. While natural and social sciences share some similarities in OA publishing activities, such as main countries of contribution, they differ greatly in dimensions such as OA ratio across specific disciplines, countries, and publishing languages. We acknowledge that OA publishing offers a level playing field for traditionally disadvantaged languages, countries, and scientific disciplines, but meanwhile, the advancement of high‐quality OA publishing needs more targeted and sophisticated approaches to tackle differences in natural and social sciences. 相似文献
9.
[目的/意义]学科交叉融合使得学科间知识交流日益频繁,从个体引文网络和整体引文网络入手,对我国人文社会科学领域跨学科知识流动进行量化分析,对“新文科”背景下该领域学科的守正与创新具有重要意义。[方法/过程]以2016-2020年23个学科450本期刊的论文引用关系为数据源,基于个体引文网络,从23个学科自身出发,根据学科互引关系确定模糊规则,利用Matlab进行模糊推理,确定学科知识固化程度;基于整体引文网络,运用“累积”的思想,计算学科知识累积流动率和累积影响力,根据知识流动情况划分学科类型。[结果/结论]研究结果表明,从个体引文网络视角分析,语言学、体育学、法学综合知识固化程度较高,统计学综合知识固化程度最低;从整体引文网络视角分析,将该领域23个学科根据知识流动划分为3种类型,经济学和管理学的累积影响力最大。研究发现“累积”思想对学科的评价效力优于直接引文分析,能够挖掘“隐藏”的学科知识流动潜在信息,为我国人文社科领域的学科建设和发展提供一定的启示。 相似文献
10.
Gerald J Perry Nancy K Roderer Soraya Assar 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2005,93(2):199-205
OBJECTIVE: The article offers a current perspective on medical informatics and health sciences librarianship. NARRATIVE: The authors: (1) discuss how definitions of medical informatics have changed in relation to health sciences librarianship and the broader domain of information science; (2) compare the missions of health sciences librarianship and health sciences informatics, reviewing the characteristics of both disciplines; (3) propose a new definition of health sciences informatics; (4) consider the research agendas of both disciplines and the possibility that they have merged; and (5) conclude with some comments about actions and roles for health sciences librarians to flourish in the biomedical information environment of today and tomorrow. SUMMARY: Boundaries are disappearing between the sources and types of and uses for health information managed by informaticians and librarians. Definitions of the professional domains of each have been impacted by these changes in information. Evolving definitions reflect the increasingly overlapping research agendas of both disciplines. Professionals in these disciplines are increasingly functioning collaboratively as "boundary spanners," incorporating human factors that unite technology with health care delivery. 相似文献
11.
We study how scholar collaboration varies across disciplines in science, social science, arts and humanities and the effects of author collaboration on impact and quality of co-authored papers. Impact is measured with the aid of citations collected by papers, while quality is determined by the judgements expressed by peer reviewers. To this end, we take advantage of the dataset provided by the first-ever national research assessment exercise of Italian universities, which involved 20 disciplinary areas, 102 research structures, 18,500 research products, and 6661 peer reviewers. Collaboration intensity neatly varies across disciplines: it is inescapable is most sciences and negligible in most humanities. We measured a general positive association between cardinality of the author set of a paper and citation count as well as peer quality of the contribution. The correlation is stronger when the affiliations of authors are heterogeneous. There exist, however, notable and interesting counter-examples. 相似文献
12.
文章基于2018-2019年在剑桥大学的实地调查和浸入式体验中获得的第一手资料,对剑桥大学及剑桥市多个智库开展基于案例分析和现场调查的实证研究。研究结果表明,剑桥大学智库的发展呈现出鲜明的横向联合发展、综合体协同成长、国际化、开放性、多学科融合、数理研究背景等特征。以剑桥大学智库为代表的英国高校智库对中国高校智库发展的启示在于:发挥中国特色新型高校智库在国家治理能力现代化和区域发展中的重要作用;构建地方高校智库群体的横向联合发展模式;构建高校内部的智库综合体协同发展格局;建设人文社科数理等多学科融合的综合性高校智库。 相似文献
13.
Ashlynn Kogut 《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2019,45(2):137-145
Connecting academic libraries to the higher education environment is crucial for demonstrating the impact of libraries on student success. The purpose of this study is to examine the information transfer between the disciplines of library and information science (LIS) and higher education in order to evaluate the influence of ideas between the two disciplines. Information transfer was analyzed in 39 articles focused on the library's contributions to student success by examining the cited references, the author and collaborator affiliations, and the forward citations. The findings from the cited reference analysis suggest that LIS is borrowing concepts and methods through citations from the discipline of education. Authorship affiliations showed that some non-LIS authors are publishing in the field of LIS and that LIS authors are collaborating with non-LIS authors. Finally, based on the forward citations, other disciplines are rarely citing LIS research about student success. This article's findings highlight the need to consider research and collaborators outside of the LIS field when researching the library's contribution to student success. 相似文献
14.
Evidence-based librarianship (EBL) is a relatively new concept for librarians. This paper lays out a practical framework for the implementation of EBL. A new way of thinking about research in librarianship is introduced using the well-built question process and the assignment of librarian research questions to one of six domains specific to librarianship. As a profession, librarianship tends to reflect more qualitative, social sciences/humanities in its research methods and study types which tend to be less rigorous and more prone to bias. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) do not have to be placed at the top of an evidence 'hierarchy' for librarianship. Instead, a more encompassing model reflecting librarianship as a whole and the kind of research likely to be done by librarians is proposed. 'Evidence' from a number of disciplines including health sciences, business and education can be utilized by librarians and applied to their practice. However, access to and availability of librarianship literature needs to be further studied. While using other disciplines (e.g. EBHC) as a model for EBL has been explored in the literature, the authors develop models unique to librarianship. While research has always been a minor focus in the profession, moving research into practice is becoming more important and librarians need to consider the issues surrounding research in order to move EBL forward. 相似文献
15.
SSCI收录信息科学与图书馆学期刊的情况及我国的机遇 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
到 2 0 0 1年 ,SSCI收录的美英等 7国的社科期刊 5 5种。我国作者在这些SSCI期刊上发表的文章还较少。社会科学研究和社会科学期刊要走向世界 ,论文成果和期刊能为SSCI收录 ,是重要途径之一。我国图书馆学信息科学期刊进入SSCI具有较好的条件和机遇。要通过提高期刊质量、提高国际水平、加强行业协调和对外发行力度等措施 ,使本专业期刊尽早进入SSCI。表 1。参考文献 13。 相似文献
16.
The objective of this work was to examine the relationship between attitudes about publishing across disciplines and the scientific impact of authors. We conducted a web survey of 1066 authors randomly selected from four disciplines in the Web of Knowledge: economics, anthropology, water resources and biochemistry (approximately 250 from each discipline). Authors were asked questions about publishing norms within their discipline. The h-index of authors was subsequently calculated from data available from the Web of Knowledge. Authors in biochemistry had on average twice the h-index of those in economics, anthropology and water resources. Biochemists had higher expectations about the number of articles published for hire and promotion, more strongly valued interdisciplinary publishing, felt the cutting edge of their science was clearer, and had more defined patterns of author credit assignment than the other disciplines. Anthropologists exhibited a lower relationship between h-index and the number of years since their first publication. We conclude that attitudinal differences between disciplines may lead to differences in the recognition of scientific findings and the therefore the establishment of normal science. 相似文献
17.
2001—2010年境外信息管理研究进展——基于相关文献的计量分析和内容分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了跟踪国外信息管理研究进展,以ISI的Web of Science为数据源,借助文献统计方法,从文献的年度分布、学科分布、国家分布及作者分布等方面,对国外2001—2010年间有关信息管理研究的相关论文进行统计与分析。同时采用社会网络分析方法,借助UCINET等工具对文献的关键词进行统计和聚类分析。研究发现:近十年国外信息管理研究呈曲线增长趋势;信息系统、信息管理技术应用是持续的研究热点;用户需求和用户信息行为等研究主题不断深化与扩展;注重相关学科先进理论、方法和技术的借鉴与应用;信息管理在医学、生物、农业等实践领域的应用将成为今后信息管理研究的重点。 相似文献
18.
Contributing factors to long‐term citation count in marine and freshwater biology articles 
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下载免费PDF全文 Researchers have investigated factors thought to affect the total number of citations in various academic disciplines, and some general trends have emerged. However, there are still limited data for many fields, including aquatic sciences. Using papers published in 2003–2005 (n = 785), we investigated marine and freshwater biology articles to identify factors that may contribute to the probability of citation and for cumulative citation counts over 10 years. We found no relationships with probability of citation; however, we found evidence that for those that were cited at least once, cumulative citations were related to several factors. Articles cited by books received more citations than those never cited by books, which we hypothesized to be indicative of the impact an article may have in the field. We also found that articles first cited within 2 years of publication received more cumulative citations than those first cited after 2 years. We found no evidence that self‐citation (as the first citation) had a significant effect on total citations. Our findings were compared with previous studies in other disciplines, and it was found that aquatic science citation patterns are comparable to fields in science and technology but less so to humanities and social sciences. 相似文献
19.
《Journal of Informetrics》2014,8(3):693-709
Genre is considered to be an important element in scholarly communication and in the practice of scientific disciplines. However, scientometric studies have typically focused on a single genre, the journal article. The goal of this study is to understand the role that handbooks play in knowledge creation and diffusion and their relationship with the genre of journal articles, particularly in highly interdisciplinary and emergent social science and humanities disciplines. To shed light on these questions we focused on handbooks and journal articles published over the last four decades belonging to the research area of science and technology studies (STS), broadly defined. To get a detailed picture we used the full-text of five handbooks (500,000 words) and a well-defined set of 11,700 STS articles. We confirmed the methodological split of STS into qualitative and quantitative (scientometric) approaches. Even when the two traditions explore similar topics (e.g., science and gender) they approach them from different starting points. The change in cognitive foci in both handbooks and articles partially reflects the changing trends in STS research, often driven by technology. Using text similarity measures we found that, in the case of STS, handbooks play no special role in either focusing the research efforts or marking their decline. In general, they do not represent the summaries of research directions that have emerged since the previous edition of the handbook. 相似文献
20.
The changing role of non‐English papers in scholarly communication: Evidence from Web of Science's three journal citation indexes 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Weishu Liu 《Learned Publishing》2017,30(2):115-123
Non‐English languages are widely used, but their roles in scholarly communication are relatively under‐explored. By using Web of Science's Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE, 1900–2015), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI, 1900–2015), and Arts and Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI, 1975–2015), this study probes the patterns and dynamics of non‐English papers by year, citation index, and discipline using bibliometric analysis. The analyses show that English is increasingly being used as the dominating language from natural sciences and social sciences to arts and humanities. Around 97% of the papers in SCIE, 95% of the papers in SSCI, and 73% of the papers in A&HCI during the past decade were in English. However, other languages such as German and French were also used as important academic languages in sciences and social sciences during the first half of the 20th century, 1970s, and 1980s. Unlike natural science and social science disciplines, non‐English papers have consistently played important role in arts and humanities disciplines from the beginning of 1975. Although the shares of non‐English papers in SCIE and SSCI databases have been limited during the past decade, a large number of non‐English papers can be found in some applied disciplines of sciences and social sciences. 相似文献