An Ironic Imbalance: Coaching Opportunities and Gender in Women’s Artistic Gymnastics in Australia and New Zealand     

Roslyn Kerr  Georgia Cervin 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(17):2139-2152

Abstract

Women’s Artistic Gymnastics (WAG) is a sport designed specifically for women. With roots in ballet, calisthenics and eugenics, it was meant to showcase femininity, beauty, and encourage healthy bodies for motherhood, therefore offering socially acceptable sporting opportunities for females. This paper considers whether such sporting opportunities extended to female coaches. We examine the recruitment patterns in relation to gender of some of the top coaches in Australia and New Zealand since the 1980s, who are predominantly migrants. Using archival sources, interviews and personal experience, this paper argues that while so-called feminine or artistic sports can offer greater opportunities for female coaches, WAG in Australia and New Zealand remains dominated by male coaches, who have held the majority of the head coach positions and in many cases, been actively recruited from overseas. The few females who have been employed in top positions have been appointments of ‘convenience’ rather than reflective of a shift away from these gendered employment patterns. Thus, while its creation as a specifically feminine sport may lead WAG to be viewed as a site of increased opportunities for women coaches, deeper exploration reveals an unresolved tension between the use of male and female coaches.  相似文献   

Predictive Reading and Scientific Enquiry     

Kenneth Hoskisson  Jim Garrison 《Literacy》1988,22(2):118-125

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Developing networks of grass-roots science curriculum action     

Carmel McNaught  Dianne Raubenheimer  Margaret Keogh  Rob O'Donoghue  Jim Taylor 《Research in Science Education》1992,22(1):291-298

This paper describes an ongoing process of participatory curriculum development. It outlines some of the tensions which need to be explored in science curriculum development: debates about the nature of science, of society, of school science content and of learning theories. The process whereby action can arise from this debate is also explored. An example will be outlined of a network of science curriculum action which has developed from the work of a range of science education projects in Natal, South Africa. Specializations: science curriculum development from primary to tertiary level. Specializations: inservice primary science teacher development. Specializations: inservice teacher development, biology education. Specializations: environmental education, teacher development. Specializations: environmental education, teacher development.  相似文献   

How teachers design their materials: Implications for instructional design     

Stephen T. Kerr 《Instructional Science》1981,10(4):363-378

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The Development of Concepts of Handicap in Adolescence: a cross‐cultural study. IV. The Rehabilitation of the Handicapped     

Tim Obani  Jim Doherty 《Educational studies》1987,13(2):187-199

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Preparing Students for Professional Roles by Simulating Work Settings in Counselor Education Courses     

Alan M. Schwitzer  Teresa Gonzalez  Jim Curl 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2001,40(4):308-319

The authors describe a method for preparing novice counselors for professional environments by using classroom meetings of semester‐long courses to simulate college student affairs divisions, community agencies, school counseling offices, and other work settings.  相似文献   

How Accurately can Primary School Teachers Predict the Scores of their Pupils in Standardised Tests of Attainment? A Study of some non‐Cognitive Factors that Influence Specific Judgements     

Jim Doherty  Michael Conolly 《Educational studies》1985,11(1):41-60

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Beginning reading strategies in children experiencing contrasting teaching methods     

Paul Timothy Sowden  Jim Stevenson 《Reading and writing》1994,6(2):109-123

Two groups of 4.5–5.5 year old children in their first year at school were examined; one taught by a whole word teaching method and one taught by a mixed whole word and phonological teaching method. The children were given a test to investigate their reading of normal words. The results of this test were subjected to a detailed error analysis and the two groups were examined in order to see if there were differences in the reading strategies they used. No evidence was found counter to the assumption that reading begins with a logographic stage. However, it was found that teaching method was having a significant impact on the reading strategies which the children adopted. In addition it was found that a number of children from the whole school appeared to exhibit letter by letter reading. This suggests that letter by letter dyslexia might in part be an extreme form of a strategy used by normal readers.  相似文献   

Comparing Union and Nonunion Staff Perceptions of the Higher Education Work Environment     

Putten  Jim Vander  McLendon  Michael K.  Peterson  Marvin W. 《Research in higher education》1997,38(1):131-149

Evidence of substantial growth in unionization among university noninstructional staff over the past 20 years (Hurd and Woodhead, 1987) and the emergence of a quality movement in higher education linking employee attitudes toward the work environment with increased productivity point to the need for additional research into union and nonunion staff perceptions of the work environment. This paper describes a conceptually oriented, exploratory study of the university work environment as perceived and defined by union and nonunion noninstructional staff.  相似文献   

Undergraduate non-completion rates: a reply     

Jill Johnes  Jim Taylor 《Higher Education》1990,19(3):385-390

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