Mapping the Contours of Neoliberal Educational Restructuring: A Review of Recent Neo‐Marxist Studies of Education and Racial Capitalist Considerations          下载免费PDF全文

Clayton Pierce 《Educational theory》2015,65(3):283-298

In this article Clayton Pierce reviews three books representative of the recent neo‐Marxist literature on education: David Blacker's The Falling Rate of Learning and the Neoliberal Endgame, John Marsh's Class Dismissed: Why We Cannot Teach or Learn Our Way out of Inequality, and Pauline Lipman's The New Political Economy of Urban Education: Neoliberalism, Race, and the Right to the City. His analysis of these books focuses on how each author remains consistent or advances traditional Marxist interpretations of the role of education in capitalist society. In addition, he puts the arguments of each author into conversation with W. E. B. Du Bois's analysis of schooling in a racial capitalist society — what he called caste education — as a way to generate discussion around some of the inherent limitations of Marxist studies of education. Here, Pierce is particularly concerned with the ability of neo‐Marxist analyses of the neoliberal restructuring of education to articulate how white supremacy is preserved even in revolutionary critiques of capitalist schooling.  相似文献   

Against neoliberal pedagogies of plants and people: mapping actor networks of biocapital in learning gardens     

Clayton Pierce 《Environmental Education Research》2015,21(3):460-477

This paper attempts to answer this question: what should ecoliteracy mean in a biocapitalist society? The author situates his analysis of this question within the general context of the neoliberal reconstruction of education in the US. Specifically, focus is given to the shared model of governmentality GE food industries and education policies both utilize to manage life in the field and classroom – one where optimizing the value of plants and people for ‘flat world’ economic competition is the defining goal. Given this landscape, I suggest that what some environmental educators have called ‘ecological literacy’ or ‘critical ecoliteracy’ must now include a dimension that rejects the ways both human and nonhumans are progressively being implicated into biocapitalist enterprises. I offer an example of how biocapitalist industries educate market understandings of life by looking at how the GE food industry’s educational projects attempt to teach students and the public to think of nature and themselves as entrepreneurial actors. In the final section, I provide an example from my research using actor network theory in learning gardens as a way to develop a theory and practice of ecoliteracy that is capable of identifying and resisting the ways both human and nonhuman life are being captured and reconstructed within biocapitalist development ventures.  相似文献   

The effect of school closures on standardised student test outcomes     

Joana Elisa Maldonado  Kristof De Witte 《British Educational Research Journal》2022,48(1):49-94

The school closures owing to the 2020 COVID-19 crisis resulted in a significant disruption of education provision, leading to fears of learning losses and of an increase in educational inequality. This article evaluates the effects of school closures based on standardised tests in the last year of primary school in the Dutch-speaking Flemish region of Belgium. Using a 6-year panel, we find that students of the 2020 cohort experienced significant learning losses in three out of five tested subjects, with a decrease in school averages of mathematics scores of 0.17 standard deviations and Dutch scores (reading, writing, language) of 0.19 standard deviations as compared to previous cohorts. This finding holds when accounting for school characteristics, standardised tests in Grade 4 and school fixed effects. Given the large observed effect sizes, the effect of school closures appears to be a combination of lost learning progress and learning loss. Moreover, we observe that inequality both within schools and across schools rises by 7% for mathematics and 8% for Dutch. The learning losses are correlated with observed school characteristics, as schools with a more disadvantaged student population experience larger learning losses.  相似文献   

Enhancing students’ mathematical reasoning in the classroom: teacher actions facilitating generalization and justification     

Joana Mata-Pereira  João-Pedro da Ponte 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2017,96(2):169-186

A proof is a connected sequence of assertions that includes a set of accepted statements, forms of reasoning and modes of representing arguments. Assuming reasoning to be central to proving and aiming to develop knowledge about how teacher actions may promote students’ mathematical reasoning, we conduct design research where whole-class mathematical discussions triggered by exploratory tasks play a key role. We take mathematical reasoning as making justified inferences and we consider generalizing and justifying central reasoning processes. Regarding teacher actions, we consider inviting, informing/suggesting, supporting/guiding and challenging actions can be identified in whole-class discussions. This paper presents design principles for an intervention geared to tackle such reasoning processes and focuses on a whole-class discussion on a grade 7 lesson about linear equations and functions. Data analysis concerns teacher actions in relation to design principles and to the sought mathematical reasoning processes. The conclusions highlight teacher actions that lead students to generalize and justify. Generalizations may arise from a central challenging action or from several guiding actions. Regarding justifications, a main challenging action seems to be essential, while follow-up guiding actions may promote a further development of this reasoning process. Thus, this paper provides a set of design principles and a characterization of teacher actions which enhance students’ mathematical reasoning processes such as generalization and justification.  相似文献   

前列腺癌:亟待肿瘤标志物和治疗新靶点(英文)     

Juliana FELGUEIRAS  Joana Vieira SILVA  Margarida FARDILHA 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,(1)

研究目的:这篇综述系统地阐述了前列腺癌的发生、发展、相关分子信号通路以及分子标志物用于前列腺癌的临床诊断和前列腺癌诊治所面临的挑战。重要结论:许多分子信号通路通过影响细胞生长、凋亡、血管生成等病理生理过程而参与了前列腺癌的起始、发生和发展。这些研究基础有助于寻找前列腺癌的肿瘤标志物和改进前列腺癌的治疗。虽然去势治疗是早期前列腺癌治疗的金标准,但是晚期的激素抵抗型前列腺癌(CRPC)的治疗仍面临着巨大的挑战。所幸的是,目前研究发现可以通过切断特异的蛋白-蛋白相互作用或者通过调节某些影响肿瘤生长和转移的关键分子来治疗前列腺癌,能减少传统治疗所带来的副作用;相关临床研究已开始实施。这些研究进展给前列腺癌的诊治带来了新的曙光。  相似文献   

Should business mind its own business?     

William L. Pierce 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1973,1(1):20-22

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Nineteenth century chrome yellow and chrome deep from Winsor & NewtonTM     

Vanessa Otero  Joana V. Pinto  Leslie Carlyle  Márcia Vilarigues  Marine Cotte 《文物保护研究》2017,62(3):123-149

The Winsor & Newton^TM (W&N) nineteenth century archive database includes digitised images of hand-written instructions and workshop notes for the manufacture of their artists’ materials. For the first time, all 183 production records for yellow lead chromate pigments were studied and evaluated. They revealed that W&N produced essentially three pigment types: lemon/pale based on mixed crystals of lead chromate and lead sulphate [Pb(Cr,S)O₄]; middle on pure monoclinic lead chromate [PbCrO₄]; and deep that contains the latter admixed with basic lead chromate [Pb₂CrO₅]; accounting for 53, 22, and 21% of the production, respectively. Production records for primrose (4%) were also included since the formulation results in mixed crystals with a high percentage of lead sulphate, which, according to the literature, leaves it more prone to degradation. Each pigment type is characterised by only one or two main synthetic pathways; process variations reveal a systematic and thorough search for a high-quality durable product. A comparison of the chemical composition of pigment reconstructions with early W&N oil paint tubes showed that their records entitled ‘pale’ and ‘lemon’ correlated with the pigment in their tube labelled chrome yellow and, ‘middle’ and ‘deep’ with the label chrome deep. Lemon and middle pigment formulations were made into oil paints to assess their relative photo-stability. The degradation process was followed by colorimetry and was studied by synchrotron radiation-based techniques. Based on the X-ray absorption spectroscopy data, the possibility for creating a stability index for chrome yellows is discussed.  相似文献   

Factors influencing adaptation from university to employment in Portugal and Brazil     

Soares  Joana  do Céu Taveira  Maria  de Oliveira  Marina Cardoso  Oliveira  Íris Martins  Melo-Silva  Lucy Leal 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2021,21(3):507-529

International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance - The career adaptation model helps to explain the process of transitioning from university to employment among college students. This...  相似文献   

The interdisciplinary team approach to child abuse services: Strengths and limitations     

G. Wallen M.S.W.  S. Pierce B.S.  M.F. Koch M.D.  H.D. Venters M.D. 《Child abuse & neglect》1977,1(2-4)

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The effects of community violence on children in Cape Town, South Africa   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shields N  Nadasen K  Pierce L 《Child abuse & neglect》2008,32(5):589-601

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between exposure to community violence (neighborhood, school, police, and gang violence) and psychological distress in a sample of children living in the Cape Town, South Africa area. Another objective was to identify variables that moderate and mediate the relationship between exposure to community violence and psychological distress. METHODS: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 185 children between the age of 8 and 13 from five Cape Town Township schools. Structured scales were used to measure exposure to several forms of community violence, family functioning, social support, perceptions of safety, and "unknown" locus of control. RESULTS: Exposure to all forms of violence was extremely high and resulted in substantial psychological distress. Perceived safety functioned as a mediating variable for all forms of violence. Unknown locus of control, social support, family organization, and family control moderated the effects of exposure to certain kinds of violence. Surprisingly, exposure to murder was not related to psychological distress, suggesting a possible "numbing" effect of extreme forms of violence. Hearing about violence from others had almost the same effect as actually witnessing it. Older children had witnessed more violence and were experiencing more distress, suggesting an "exposure accumulation" effect. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest the importance of a child's ability to feel safe in reducing the distress that occurs as a result to exposure to violence. Parents and schools can help children cope, but there appear to be limits. Early intervention, before maladaptive coping mechanisms have developed, also appears to be important.  相似文献