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71.
Åsa Hirsh 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2012,19(4):469-485
The focus of this study is gendered differences and similarities in the distribution of individual education plan (IEP) targets given to pupils in Swedish schools. IEP writing is seen as part of teachers’ formal assessment practice. Through qualitative content analysis of data, two main target types emerged: learning targets, related to school subject learning; and being targets, related to personality, behaviour and attitude. Whilst the distribution of learning targets in the different sub-categories was similar for boys and girls, clear differences were found in the distribution of different types of being targets. Possible reasons for the gendered distribution of being targets are discussed from a doing-gender perspective. In addition, the paper discusses what is actually assessed in IEPs, whether there is a relation between the ‘ideal pupil’ and gender and whether the strong focus on being aspects detracts from focus on learning aspects. 相似文献
72.
One of the main issues of internationalisation is networking. The network way of action within higher education institutions (HEIs) represents new modes of the information work. Networks are worth evaluating more precisely in the future, and social network analysis (SNA) is a useful tool for this evaluation. This article describes the network of people working with internationalisation in Finnish universities of applied sciences (UASs). The study combines SNA and knowledge‐sharing between HEIs. The model of knowledge creation introduced by Nonaka and Takeuchi is used in the analysis. On this ground of network evaluation, we study the network structure, relations and roles in the internationalisation network and discuss appearance of trust and competition in co‐operation between HEIs. 相似文献
73.
Physicists and physics students have been studied with respect to the variation in the ways they expound on their topic of research and a physics problem, respectively. A phenomenographic approach has been employed; six fourth‐year physics students and 10 teacher‐researcher physicists at various stages of their careers have been interviewed. Four qualitatively distinct ways of expounding on physics have been identified, constituting an outcome space where there is a successive shift towards coherent structure and multiple referent domains. The interviewed person is characterized as expressing an ‘object of knowledge’, and the interviewer is characterized as a willing and active listener who is trying to make sense of it, constituting a ‘knowledge object’ out of the ideas expressed and personal experience. Pedagogical situations of analogous character to the interviewer–interviewee discussions are considered in the light of the analysis, focusing on the affordances for learning offered by the different forms of exposition. 相似文献
74.
Åge Diseth 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(4):381-394
The Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) were administered to 573 under-graduate students in order to analyse a Norwegian version of this inventory. To cross-validate the factor structure, the subjects were divided into two equal samples. Principal axis factor analysis of sample 1 reproduced the three main factors of deep, surface and strategic approaches to learning. However, two of the subscales failed to load appropriately on the 'strategic approach'. When omitting these subscales, the principle of simple structure was better supported by the results. A subsequent CFA with comparison of samples 1 and 2 supported the existence of the expected three-factor model. It is concluded that this Norwegian version of ASSIST is valuable as a research tool for the assessment of approaches to learning among Norwegian students, but that caution should be taken with respect to the interpretation of particular subscales and possible sample effects. 相似文献
75.
76.
The Bureaucratisation of Universities 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
77.
Jani Kontkanen Sirpa Kärkkäinen Patrick Dillon Anu Hartikainen-Ahia Mauri Åhlberg 《International Journal of Science Education》2016,38(1):96-115
Visual databases are increasingly important resources through which individuals and groups can undertake species identification. This paper reports research on the collaborative processes undertaken by pre-service teacher students when working in small groups to identify birds using an Internet-based taxonomic resource. The student groups are conceptualised as ‘knowledge-building communities’ working in a ‘joint problem space’ comprising the collective knowledge of the participants interacting with the taxonomic database. Collaborative group work and associated dialogue were recorded with digital video. The recordings were analysed for the categories of dialogue and the categories of knowledge used by the students as they interacted with the taxonomic database and how they drew on their previous experiences of identifying birds. The outcomes are discussed in the context of the interplay of individual and social processes and the interplay between abstraction and lived experience in the joint problem space. 相似文献
78.
This article aims to analyse how the emerging Swedish school system in the early nineteenth century can be understood within the context of a gradual break-up of the estate society and its replacement with a class society in which citizenship was an important foundation. This is done through the discussion of the conceptions of citizenship on two levels. The first is the national level, focusing the national debate on education, and the second is the local level, investigating the local schools and the school setting. The main result is that the conceptions of citizenship in the school context were formed along two major lines: an inclusive social and civil citizenship and an exclusive, active and political citizenship. Consequently, the emerging Swedish school system simultaneously fostered these two citizenship conceptions, which coexisted in an educational system that was able to cast pupils as either subjects (comprehensive citizenship) or agents (designated citizenship). 相似文献
79.
University teachers often see first‐year as a training ground for students, acculturating them to university expectations and requirements following their secondary school experience. By later years, students are typically expected to know what is required of a ‘university student’. However, the assumption behind this is that different academic staff hold similar views of university teaching and learning and that those teaching first and later years would be in agreement on what is expected of a student at different levels — an assumption which was implicit in the university department described in this article.
The aim of this article is to present the range of views shown by academic staff within one department about the relative roles and responsibilities of staff as teachers and of students as learners at first‐year level. This is of interest because, at least in this department, the degree of variation which was found was unexpected, generating unrealistic expectations and assumptions about students. This led‐to‐the generation of departmental strategies for improving communication about such issues amongst staff, with the intention of making differing views explicit. The lesson which may be of general value is the importance of ensuring structured opportunities for staff within departments to share their views and expectations about teaching and learning. 相似文献
80.
LENNART RÅDE 《European Journal of Engineering Education》1995,20(3):347-352
It is shown how a combinatorial problem dealing with all possible ways to put marbles in ums under certain restrictions can be used to solve a reliability problem related to telecommunications. Various aspects of the reliability problem are explored with a computer algebra system. 相似文献