How do adult humans compare with New Caledonian crows in tool selectivity?     

Francisco J. Silva  Kathleen M. Silva 《Learning & behavior》2010,38(1):87-95

We examined humans’ tool selections on stick-and-tube tasks similar to those used to study crows’ and other avian species’ physical cognition. In Experiment 1, the participants selected a stick from a set of 10 to retrieve a candy placed in a horizontal tube. Although the stick that was selected depended on the distance to the candy, the participants generally did not select a stick whose length was the same as the candy’s distance from the open end of the tube nor did they select the longest stick in the set—two strategies that have been reported in crows. In Experiments 2 and 3, we used variations of the stick-and-tube task to determine what factors in addition to the candy’s distance influenced the participants’ selections. The results showed that tool selection depended on the stimulus context (i.e., the number and lengths of the alternative tools).  相似文献   

Stability of elite freestyle performance from childhood to adulthood     

Costa MJ  Marinho DA  Bragada JA  Silva AJ  Barbosa TM 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(11):1183-1189

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Fluid balance of elite Brazilian youth soccer players during consecutive days of training     

Silva RP  Mündel T  Natali AJ  Bara Filho MG  Lima JR  Alfenas RC  Lopes PR  Belfort FG  Marins JC 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(7):725-732

In this study we investigated pre-training hydration status, fluid intake, and sweat loss in 20 elite male Brazilian adolescent soccer players (mean?±?s: age 17.2?±?0.5 years; height 1.76?±?0.05?m; body mass 69.9?±?6.0?kg) on three consecutive days of typical training during the qualifying phase of the national soccer league. Urine specific gravity (USG) and body mass changes were evaluated before and after training sessions to estimate hydration status. Players began the days of training mildly hypohydrated (USG?>?1.020) and fluid intake did not match fluid losses. It was warmer on Day 1 (33.1?±?2.4°C and43.4?±?3.2% relative humidity; P?相似文献   

Mark Twain and the “Slow,Poor, Shiftless,Sleepy, and Lazy” Azoreans in The Innocents Abroad     

Reinaldo Francisco Silva 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2003,26(1):17-23

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Authenticity and “Standing Out:” Situating the Project Approach in Contemporary Early Schooling     

Jolyn Blank  Victoria Damjanovic  Anna Paula Peixoto da Silva  Susan Weber 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2014,42(1):19-27

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What Is the Impact of Computer Literacy on the Academic Performance of D-learning Students？     

Eduardo de Paula e Silva Chaves  ;Celia Regina Andreoli 《美中教育评论》2014,(5):346-355

Due to the globalization and the spread of the Internet, distance learning （D-learning） has gained extraordinary impulse in recent years by classes broadcasted by Websites and assignments fulfilled by students in their own computers. D-learning facilitates the access to education to those people who are working or have low buying power due to its reduced cost and time convenience. Although D-learning has existed in the world for over 150 years, only in the last decades, it has become the focus of academic studies and researches in a systematic way. In this context, the objective of this research is to evaluate the impact of computer literacy on the academic performance of the D-learning students of Faculdade lnterativa COC--EAD （COC--D-learning Interactive College）, P61o Lafaiete （Lafaiete Branch）, Ribeirao Preto. The research consisted of a questionnaire with 21 qualitative dichotomous questions, concerning the level of knowledge and mastery of information techdologies, besides the gender and academic performance （weighted average and marks of the last module）. The data were tabulated, being considered two main variables： （a） academic performance, represented by the marks of the last module; and （b） computer literacy, represented by the sum of the questions concerning this matter. The data were analyzed statistically, and the correlation between the two variables considered was analyzed by Pearson＇s Correlation Test. The interviews of the 54 interviewees （24 males （44.45%） and 30 females （55.55%）） taking the business administration course were analyzed. The correlation coefficient r = 0.303 indicates that there is a meaningful correlation between the students＇ academic performance （marks） and their computer literacy, that is, the greater the computer literacy, the better the marks obtained by these students in the D-learning course. D-learning has computing as its main tool, theretbre, the students with less computer literacy find barriers in D-learning, which o ref  相似文献   

前列腺癌:亟待肿瘤标志物和治疗新靶点(英文)简     

Juliana FELGUEIRAS  Joana Vieira SILVA  Margarida FARDILHA 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,15(1):16-42

Prostate cancer （PCa） incidence and mortality have decreased in recent years. Nonetheless, it remains one of the most prevalent cancers in men, being a disquieting cause of men＇s death worldwide. Changes in many cell signaling pathways have a predominant role in the onset, development, and progression of the disease. These include prominent pathways involved in the growth, apoptosis, and angiogenesis of the normal prostate gland, such as an- drogen and estrogen signaling, and other growth factor signaling pathways. Understanding the foundations of PCa is leading to the discovery of key molecules that could be used to improve patient management. The ideal scenario would be to have a panel of molecules, preferably detectable in body fluids, that are specific and sensitive biomarkers for PCa In the early stages, androgen deprivation is the gold standard therapy. However, as the cancer progresses, it even- tually becomes independent of androgens, and hormonal therapy fails. For this reason, androgen-independent PCa is still a major therapeutic challenge. By disrupting specific protein interactions or manipulating the expression of some key molecules, it might be possible to regulate tumor growth and metastasis formation, avoiding the systemic side effects of current therapies. Clinical trials are already underway to assess the efficacy of molecules specially designed to target key proteins or protein interactions. In this review, we address that recent progress made towards under- standing PCa development and the molecular pathways underlying this pathology. We also discuss relevant molecular markers for the management of PCa and new therapeutic challenges.  相似文献   

Modelling the future: exhibitions and the materiality of education     

Catarina Silva Martins 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(3):420-422

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The Establishment of the Qatar National Olympic Committee: Building the National Sport Identity     

Luis Henrique Rolim Silva 《国际体育史杂志》2014,31(3):306-319

This paper examines the process of the establishment of the Qatar National Olympic Committee (QOC) in the late 1970s as part of a nation-building process. Qatar was one of the British protectorates in the Gulf region having its international relations controlled by Britain. On September 3, 1971, the country's Heir Apparent appeared on local TV and announced Qatar's independence. In the following years, the new Amir started a campaign of nation-building. Sport played an important part in this campaign, facilitating the formation of a national identity. Meanwhile, sports federations in Qatar began to apply for membership of their respective International Federations (IFs). In order to send athletes to the Olympics, the QOC was established in 1979 and it was recognised by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1980. The primary written sources used in this paper are official documents from the IOC, the IFs and the Official Gazette of the State of Qatar. The establishment of the QOC can be seen as part of the process of nation-building experienced by Qatar after its independence. International sports events were used to win international recognition, and investments in infrastructure, sports facilities and elite sport were seen by the Qatar government as an important approach to boost the country's international representation. However, in order to join the Olympic movement and raise Qatar's national flag at international sporting events, the QOC had to revise its Constitution to meet all the requirements of the IOC.  相似文献   

Enacting anti-racist writing workshop pedagogies in an online,drop-in writing club for youth     

Bethany Silva  Aleigha Raymond  Mia Brikiatis  Alecia Magnifico 《Literacy》2023,57(3):221-233

This article documents the authors' modification and implementation of anti-racist writing workshop (ARWW) practices in the context of an online, drop-in writing club, Pens Out. We sought to understand how teens perceive writing practices that are not white-normed — specifically, centring relationships instead of prizing individuality, embedding choice instead of replicating one authorial view and observing writerly craft instead of errors. As white-identifying educators and researchers, we engaged in practitioner inquiry to understand how programme participants who live in a predominately white region experience these practices. We asked: How do attendees understand and describe experiences with writing workshop pedagogies that seek to de-centre whiteness? This question has become increasingly important as politicians in the United States restrict anti-racist educational practices and content. We used conventional content analysis to observe themes across five participants' semi-structured interviews. Findings indicated that participants' relationships with each other produced inspiration and reciprocity, writing expectations from inside and outside the club affected choice and risk taking, and observing craft multimodally encouraged sharing and reciprocity. What we discovered can help teachers and leaders of K12 writing workshops implement ARWW practices and increase allyship while discussing and questioning hegemonic ideals in K12 schooling.  相似文献