Expertise Reversal Effect and Its Implications for Learner-Tailored Instruction   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Slava Kalyuga 《Educational Psychology Review》2007,19(4):509-539

The interactions between levels of learner prior knowledge and effectiveness of different instructional techniques and procedures have been intensively investigated within a cognitive load framework since mid-90s. This line of research has become known as the expertise reversal effect. Apart from their cognitive load theory-based prediction and explanation, patterns of empirical findings on the effect fit well those in studies of Aptitude Treatment Interactions (ATI) that were originally initiated in mid-60s. This paper reviews recent empirical findings associated with the expertise reversal effect, their interpretation within cognitive load theory, relations to ATI studies, implications for the design of learner-tailored instructional systems, and some recent experimental attempts of implementing these findings into realistic adaptive learning environments.  相似文献   

非英语专业高职生英语语用能力石化现象初探     

唐路  孟艳华 《九江职业技术学院学报》2012,(1):61-63

对非英语专业高职生的英语语用能力进行分年级的横向和纵向量化研究,结果显示,我国非英语专业高职生在一定程度上存在着英语语用能力石化现象。造成语用能力石化现象的主要原因是母语干扰与目的语文化知识的匮乏等因素。对此,笔者从高职英语教学的角度提出了应对非英语专业高职生英语语用能力石化现象的一些设想。  相似文献   

广州南沙十九涌三种植物生境的大型底栖动物群落     

刘莎  蔡立哲  许鹏  彭欣  曹婧  傅素晶 《泉州师范学院学报》2011,29(2):1-4,6,7,15

于2007和2008年选择广州南沙十九涌海桑、芦苇和海雀椑三种植物生境,对大型底栖动物四个季度定量调查研究.结果显示：芦苇区计有大型底栖动物16种,密度2 236 ind.m-2,生物量6.61 g.m-2;海雀椑区计有大型底栖动物22种,密度1 298 ind.m-2,生物量7.71 g.m-2;海桑区计有大型底栖动物11种,密度429 ind.m-2,生物量3.73 g.m-2.结果表明：海雀椑区大型底栖动物种类多样性最高,海桑区最低,与海雀椑区及芦苇区差异较大.海雀椑生境四个季度的大型底栖动物密度优势种较明显不同,冬季为小头虫和沼蚓,春季为中华蜾赢蜚,夏季为莫顿长尾虾,秋季为疣吻沙蚕.三种植物生境间大型底栖动物群落结构、物种数、密度显著差异的原因与不同季节的气候变化及植物高度有关.  相似文献   

"新机制"后农村教学点的经费困境与出路——基于湖北省Y县C教学点的个案分析     

赵丹  曾新 《上海教育科研》2009,(7)

<农村义务教育经费保障新机制>切实保证了我国农村义务教育经费的专款专用和及时到位.但在该政策的实施过程中,还存在诸多问题.其中,偏远地区农村教学点的经费困境在"新机制"实施后并没有得到根本解决,这直接影响到教育质量和公平.本文以湖北省Y县C教学点为例,对教学点的经费困境进行了深刻剖析,并结合"新机制"政策提出建议.  相似文献   

Benefits evaluation of water resources used for ecosystem in Shiyang River basin of Gansu province     

粟晓玲  康绍忠  李伏生  张橹  佟玲 《天津大学学报(英文版)》2009,15(2):108-112

Among the numerous inland river basins in the arid northwest China, Shiyang River basin is known for its most serious water shortage that constrains its social and economic developments and for some of the worst eco-logical and environmental deterioration in China. The research on the value of water resources used for ecosystem is the basis for reasonable allocation of water resources between users of ecosystem and economic system. In this paper the concept of dynamic value for the ecosystem services is proposed. A modified coefficient for the ecosys-tem service value per unit area is proposed according to the cover degrees of biomes combined with expert consul-tation. Based on the developmental stage coefficient and scarcity of ecological resources, a dynamic evaluation method is proposed. The theoretical formula and simple calculation formula of the sharing benefits coefficient and benefits per unit ecological water utilization are proposed. The result shows that the benefit of unit ecological water utilization in the lower reach was greater than that in the upper reach in the Shiyang River basin.  相似文献   

多功能电子防丢器的设计与实现     

刘密歌  王路 《西安文理学院学报》2010,13(1):41-43

随着现代生活节奏的加快,人们遗失东西的现象经常发生,防遗失产品也就应运而生．文中设计并实现了一款多功能电子防丢器,它由母机和子机两部分组成,子机置于防丢物品上,母机由主人随身携带,具有防丢和寻找功能．子机留有的外接插孔可与其他传感器设备相连,构成相应的防盗报警系统．电路主要采用集成芯片制作,所以具有电路简单,工作性能稳定,功耗及成本低等优点．  相似文献   

汉英表量结构中隐喻的分类及认知解读     

李湘  关昕 《岳阳职业技术学院学报》2010,25(2):101-104

以＂合成空间理论＂为理论背景,研究汉英表量结构中隐喻的分类与认知解读问题。根据输入空间的不同,从认知角度将汉英表量结构中的隐喻分为两类：显性隐喻和隐性隐喻。显性隐喻是通过＂量词＂和＂名词＂两个输入空间之间的概念整合进行建构的,而隐性隐喻是通过量词所描述的＂原型名词＂和表量结构中的＂名词＂两个输入空间之间的概念整合进行建构的。  相似文献   

How social network position relates to knowledge building in online learning communities     

Lu Wang 《Frontiers of Education in China》2010,5(1):4-25

Social Network Analysis, Statistical Analysis, Content Analysis and other research methods were used to research online learning communities at Capital Normal University, Beijing. Analysis of the two online courses resulted in the following conclusions: (1) Social networks of the two online courses form typical core-periphery structures; (2) Social networks of the two online courses contain “structural holes,” where some actors position themselves to become potential opinion-leaders within their social networks; (3) Actors, variously positioned within a core-periphery structure, show quite significant differences in terms of knowledge building; (4) Taking “structural holes” into account, there exist considerable differences in knowledge building between opinion-leaders and non opinion-leaders; (5) Actors in the “core” and “structural hole” positions have very different characteristics in terms of knowledge building. These actors in particular play important roles in online learning communities, impacting on the level of the constructed knowledge.  相似文献   

研究型教学效果的影响因素分析——以《管理学》课程为例     

卢小君  王丽丽  孙岩 《时代教育》2010,(11)

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文学翻译中汉语独特文化意象英译的最佳关联——《浮躁》英译本个案分析     

于亚莉  班荣学  周新 《合肥教育学院学报》2010,(1):74-76,110

根据关联翻译理论,以《浮躁》英译本为个案,探讨汉语独特文化意象英译的翻译方法。研究表明,当原文读者的认知语境在译文读者的认知语境中缺失的情况下,译者只要根据上下文语境推导出原文作者的交际意图,通过直译加注、舍去形象意译或者转换形象都可使译文达到最佳关联。  相似文献