A report on clinical importance of serum glycoconjugates in oral cancer     

Bina R. Baxi  Prabhudas S. Patel  Siddharth G. Adhvaryu 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1990,5(2):139-144

For evolving a potential Biochemical index for early diagnosis of oral cancer, serum levels of total sialic acid (TSA), lipid bound sialic acid (LSA), mucoid proteins and hexoses (galactose and mannose) were determined in 30 patients with oral cancer. The results were compared with similar values obtained for 30 patients with oral precancerous conditions, 24 healthy controls and 15 normal individuals with a habit of tobacco chewing. All the biomarkers were significantly elevated in oral cancer patients compared to the controls, the normal chewers and precancer patients. The levels of glycoconjugates showed significant increase in patients with oral precancerous conditions compared to the controls. Only LSA and hexoses showed significantly elevated levels in oral precancer patients compared to the normal chewers. The levels of glycoconjugates were more or less comparable between normal chewers and the controls. The parameters evaluated in the oral cancer patients also showed a progressive rise with the clinical stage of the malignant disease. The levels of the four glycoconjugates were also higher in patients with metastasis compared to those with only primary disease. The present findings suggest that the glycoconjugates have clinical utility in diagnosis of the patients with cancer of the oral cavity as well as in staging the disease.  相似文献   

A comparative study of reactive oxygen species (ROS) related parameters in rat tissues     

Samir P. Patel  Surendra S. Katyare 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):48-53

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are believed to be responsible for pathogenesis of various diseases affecting tissues and systems. ROS generated by mitochondrial electron transport chain as well as extra-mitochondrially are eliminated by the respective defense mechanisms. We checked the activity of ROS generating system such as xanthine oxidase and also the parameter of ROS defense mechanism e.g. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPox), reduced glutathione content (GSH) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) in mitochondrial and post-mitochondrial fractions from various tissues (liver, kidney, brain and heart) of normal rats. Extent of lipid peroxidation (LPO) which is immediate consequence of ROS generation was also examined. Our results shows that significant tissue-specific differences exist in mitochondrial and cytosolic ROS generating systems and ROS defense mechanisms.  相似文献   

Evaporation-based microfluidic production of oil-free cell-containing hydrogel particles     

Rong Fan  Kubra Naqvi  Krishna Patel  Jun Sun  Jiandi Wan 《Biomicrofluidics》2015,9(5)

We demonstrate an evaporation-based microfluidic strategy to produce oil-free cell containing hydrogel particles. Perfluoro-n-pentane, which is used as the continuous oil phase to generate cell-containing hydrogel (Extracel) particles, is removed at an elevated temperature. Human colon cancer cells (HCT116) encapsulated in the hydrogel particles show higher viability than cells encapsulated in particles that are produced via a non-evaporative oil phase. In addition, single HCT116 cells can be cultured for a week in such particles and respond to inflammatory stimuli, highlighting the potential applications of the developed strategy for 3D cell culture, drug testing, and cell-based drug delivery.  相似文献   

Cognitive Skills Acquisition and Computer Based Intelligent Tutoring Tools     

A. Patel  Kinshuk Kinshuk  D. Russell 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(2):139-155

Cognitive skills are concerned with analysis, interpretation and decision making required for performing procedural tasks. Since much of this process runs inside a human mind, the development of cognitive skill may largely rely on self-explanation as a mechanism for forming better procedures by clustering elementary operations and pushing them to the subconscious level. The paper describes possible categorisation of learning resources to match the different phases of skill acquisition. It discusses an implementation of a cognitive apprenticeship-based learning environment ‘Byzantium’ and an independent feedback on its use in real classroom. Its generic design philosophy is described, together with a commentary that places Byzantium in the tradition of Gordon Pask's adaptive teaching machines and conversational tutorial systems.  相似文献   

Promoting a culture of scholarship among educational developers: exploring institutional opportunities     

Fay Patel 《International Journal for Academic Development》2013,18(3):242-254

Educational developers tend to be located in centres and units of teaching and learning outside the academic mainstream. They have little opportunity to engage in scholarship. Through an overview of the literature on educational development and educational professional roles and responsibilities, the author suggests that promoting a culture of scholarship among educational developers will contribute significantly towards their pedagogical professional development. It will enhance the quality of professional consultation between educational developers and academic staff in the faculties. The discussion concludes with suggestions for implementing innovative strategies to promote a culture of scholarship within the higher education academic mainstream.  相似文献   

Best practices and emerging trends in assessment of trauma in students with autism spectrum disorder     

George A. Michna  Sierra M. Trudel  Melissa A. Bray  Jessica Reinhardt  Jessica Dirsmith  Lea Theodore  Zheng Zhou  Ishani Patel  Paul Jones  Matthew L. Gilbert 《Psychology in the schools》2023,60(2):479-494

Children and adolescents with autism have a higher likelihood of being exposed to bullying, abuse, and sexual assault which, through repeated exposure, has been demonstrated to impede academic, social, and physical functioning among this population. However, the complexity of unpacking the characteristics of autism and trauma can pose a challenge for school psychologists in using the most appropriate clinical method of intervention. This paper summarizes the co-occurrence of autism and trauma in an effort to better inform practitioners and recommends the need for valid and reliable assessments that measure adverse experiences for children with autism. A practitioner assessment guide of childhood trauma and autism spectrum disorder is also provided to facilitate a comprehensive assessment process. We conclude that there is a pressing need for more research examining the relationship between autism and trauma by better understanding the relationship of these constructs, and for the development of more effective assessments to provide more evidence-based interventions.  相似文献   

Microfluidic separation of live and dead yeast cells using reservoir-based dielectrophoresis     

Saurin Patel  Daniel Showers  Pallavi Vedantam  Tzuen-Rong Tzeng  Shizhi Qian  Xiangchun Xuan 《Biomicrofluidics》2012,6(3)

Separating live and dead cells is critical to the diagnosis of early stage diseases and to the efficacy test of drug screening, etc. This work demonstrates a novel microfluidic approach to dielectrophoretic separation of yeast cells by viability. It exploits the cell dielectrophoresis that is induced by the inherent electric field gradient at the reservoir-microchannel junction to selectively trap dead yeast cells and continuously separate them from live ones right inside the reservoir. This approach is therefore termed reservoir-based dielectrophoresis (rDEP). It has unique advantages as compared to existing dielectrophoretic approaches such as the occupation of zero channel space and the elimination of any mechanical or electrical parts inside microchannels. Such an rDEP cell sorter can be readily integrated with other components into lab-on-a-chip devices for applications to biomedical diagnostics and therapeutics.  相似文献   

Non Transferrin Bound Iron: Nature, Manifestations and Analytical Approaches for Estimation     

Meghna Patel  D. V. S. S. Ramavataram 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(4):322-332

Iron is an essential trace element and plays a number of vital roles in biological system. It also leads the chains of pathological actions if present in excess and/or present in free form. Major portion of iron in circulation is associated with transferrin, a classical iron transporter, which prevent the existence of free iron. The fraction of iron which is free of transferrin is known as “non transferrin bound iron”. Along with the incidence in iron over loaded patient non transferrin bound iron has been indicated in patients without iron overload. It has been suggested as cause as well as consequence in a number of pathological conditions. The major organs influenced by iron toxicity are heart, pancreas, kidney, organs involved in hematopoiesis etc. The most commonly suggested way for iron mediated pathogenesis is through increased oxidative stress and their secondary effects. Generation of free oxygen radicals by iron has been well documented in Fenton chemistry and Haber–Weiss reaction. Non transferrin bound iron has obvious chance to generate the free reactive radicals as it is not been shielded by the protective carrier protein apo transferrin. The nature of non transferrin bound iron is not clear at present time but it is definitely a group of heterogenous iron forms free from transferrin and ferritin. A variety of analytical approaches like colorimetry, chromatography, fluorimetry etc. have been experimented in different research laboratories for estimation of non transferrin bound iron. However the universally accepted gold standard method which can be operated in pathological laboratories is still to be developed.  相似文献   

Ultrasound imaging in medical student education: Impact on learning anatomy and physical diagnosis          下载免费PDF全文

Sokpoleak So  Rita M. Patel  Steven L. Orebaugh 《Anatomical sciences education》2017,10(2):176-189

Ultrasound use has expanded dramatically among the medical specialties for diagnostic and interventional purposes, due to its affordability, portability, and practicality. This imaging modality, which permits real‐time visualization of anatomic structures and relationships in vivo, holds potential for pre‐clinical instruction of students in anatomy and physical diagnosis, as well as providing a bridge to the eventual use of bedside ultrasound by clinicians to assess patients and guide invasive procedures. In many studies, but not all, improved understanding of anatomy has been demonstrated, and in others, improved accuracy in selected aspects of physical diagnosis is evident. Most students have expressed a highly favorable impression of this technology for anatomy education when surveyed. Logistic issues or obstacles to the integration of ultrasound imaging into anatomy teaching appear to be readily overcome. The enthusiasm of students and anatomists for teaching with ultrasound has led to widespread implementation of ultrasound‐based teaching initiatives in medical schools the world over, including some with integration throughout the entire curriculum; a trend that likely will continue to grow. Anat Sci Educ 10: 176–189. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

Row over sterilisation divides India     

Patel T 《New scientist (1971)》1997,154(2076):4

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