Washability of fine sizes of coal on tables,with particular reference to Washington and Alaskan coals     

Byron M. Bird 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1927,204(2):273-274

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An investigation of the alleged allotropy of zinc by X-ray analysis and a redetermination of the zinc lattice     

W.M. Peirce  E.A. Anderson  P. van Dyck 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1925,200(3):349-361

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Natural gas,with incidental reference to other bitumens     

I.N. Knapp  M.E. 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1912

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True melting points of metals     

M. von Pirani 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1910,170(4):289-290

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Explosives. The progressive decomposition of gun-cotton during its storage     

M.M.O. Silberrad  R.C. Farmer 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1908,166(6):471-486

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Prolonged static stretching does not influence running economy despite changes in neuromuscular function     

Allison SJ  Bailey DM  Folland JP 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(14):1489-1495

The aim of this study was to examine the acute effects of prolonged static stretching (SS) on running economy. Ten male runners (VO2(peak) 60.1 +/- 7.3 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) performed 10 min of treadmill running at 70% VO2(peak) before and after SS and no stretching interventions. For the stretching intervention, each leg was stretched unilaterally for 40 s with each of eight different exercises and this was repeated three times. Respiratory gas exchange was measured throughout the running exercise with an automated gas analysis system. On a separate day, participants were tested for sit and reach range of motion, isometric strength and countermovement jump height before and after SS. The oxygen uptake, minute ventilation, energy expenditure, respiratory exchange ratio and heart rate responses to running were unaffected by the stretching intervention. This was despite a significant effect of SS on neuromuscular function (sit and reach range of motion, +2.7 +/- 0.6 cm; isometric strength, -5.6% +/- 3.4%; countermovement jump height -5.5% +/- 3.4%; all P < 0.05). The results suggest that prolonged SS does not influence running economy despite changes in neuromuscular function.  相似文献   

An objective method for depicting team performance in elite professional rugby union     

Jones NM  James N  Mellalieu SD 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(7):691-700

Using a two-study approach, we examined a methodology for objectively depicting team performance and form in a professional rugby union side. Study 1 developed standardized indicators to examine a team's performance in a single match relative to their previous matches over a domestic season via a performance report and form chart. This resulted in standardized performance indicators that provided instant and coherent feedback on the team's performance relative to previous standards. Study 2 then utilized this methodology to compare a match between two professional sides, played the following season, to assess the extent to which the performance by one team affected that of the other. Comparison of the two teams' performances, for the match they played against each other, identified a drop in relative performance (against previous standards) for both teams on the same performance indicators. This appeared to be due to the match being a close, hard-fought contest particularly in the tackle and around the gain-line. The findings of the two studies suggest an accurate and viable methodology for depicting team performance that is superior to the global measures previously adopted. Presenting teams' current standardized performances (i.e. form) on a single visual scale also has utility for coaches within an applied setting. Future research should further investigate the effect of one team's performance on another through both individual and team outcomes.  相似文献   

Stressors in elite sport: a coach perspective   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Thelwell RC  Weston NJ  Greenlees IA  Hutchings NV 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(9):905-918

We examined the varying performance and organizational stressors experienced by coaches who operate with elite athletes. Following interviews with eleven coaches, content analysis of the data revealed coaches to experience comparable numbers of performance and organizational stressors. Performance stressors were divided between their own performance and that of their athletes, while organizational stressors included environmental, leadership, personal, and team factors. The findings provide evidence that coaches experience a variety of stressors that adds weight to the argument that they should be labelled as "performers" in their own right. A variety of future research topics and applied issues are also discussed.  相似文献   

Self-efficacy and outcome expectancy in beginning weight training class: their relations to students' behavioral intention and actual behavior     

Gao Z  Xiang P  Lee AM  Harrison L 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2008,79(1):92-100

This study was an initial attempt to investigate the relationships among self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, behavioral intention, and actual behavior over time in a beginning weight training class. A total of 109 participants completed questionnaires assessing their self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, and intentions for future weight training. Their attendance and workout logs were calculated as a measure of actual behavior. Correlation analyses revealed significant positive relationships among all the variables during both program periods. Multiple regression analyses indicated that outcome expectancy initially played a more important role than self-efficacy in predicting behavioral intention and actual behavior. However, self-efficacy appeared more influential at midprogram. Findings of this study can enhance our understanding of the determining factors for individuals' motivated behaviors in college physical activity classes.  相似文献   

On the temporal and behavioural consistency of pre-performance routines: an intra-individual analysis of elite basketball players' free throw shooting accuracy     

Lonsdale C  Tam JT 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(3):259-266

The effectiveness of pre-performance routines on skilled performance in a self-paced skill has yet to be verified. In this study, we examine the importance of temporal and behavioural consistency in these routines. The duration and specific pattern of behaviours exhibited before each free throw (n = 284) were observed during 14 National Basketball Association play-off games. An intra-individual standardized score was calculated for each shot's duration. Each player's dominant behavioural routine was identified and each shot was classified as "sequence followed" or "sequence not followed". No difference was observed in the success rates of shots associated with brief, long, and regular duration routines (P > 0.05). However, players were more successful when they followed their dominant behavioural sequence (83.77% success) than when they deviated from their specific behavioural pattern (71.43% success) (P < 0.05). The findings are interpreted in light of relevant theory and implications for practice are discussed.  相似文献