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1.
The purpose of our investigation was to examine determinants of teachers' intentions to teach physically active physical education classes (i.e., spend at least 50% of class time with the students engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity). Based on the theory of planned behavior, a model was examined hypothesizing that teachers' intentions were determined by subjective norm, attitude, and perceived behavioral control. Grounded in self-efficacy theory, it was hypothesized that program goal importance and hierarchical and barrier self-efficacy would also predict intention. Using a series of hierarchical regression analyses, the theory of planned behavior was supported by accounting for 59% of the variance in intention due to attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm. Self-efficacy theory based variables received minimal support. 相似文献
2.
基于健康心理学研究领域内的"健康行为过程理论"(Health Action Process Approach;HAPA),采用纵向研究设计,历时4个月对331名高校教职员工的体育锻炼行为及其相关社会认知变量进行3次调查。研究结果表明,积极结果期待和行动自我效能对锻炼意向的预测作用显著,锻炼意向能够很好地预测锻炼计划;恢复自我效能、锻炼意向和锻炼计划是体育锻炼行为的近轴预测因子;行动自我效能通过维持自我效能预测恢复自我效能。该研究验证了HAPA模型的连续性特征,为今后制定有效的体育锻炼干预措施,促进高校教职员工参与和坚持体育锻炼,提升健康水平提供了理论依据。 相似文献
3.
从个体与人际层面探讨大学生体育锻炼行为影响因素及交互关系。以浙江省5所高校1150名大学生为研究对象,采用体育锻炼等级、自我效能、行为态度、行为认知、教师支持以及同伴支持6个量表进行测试,利用结构方程模型对数据进行分析与建模,得到个体与人际水平的大学生体育锻炼行为促进模型。结果显示:锻炼自我效能是大学生体育锻炼行为促进的重要因素,人际水平中同伴支持能够对大学生的锻炼自我效能产生影响;同伴支持对大学生体育锻炼行为的影响大于教师支持,教师支持通过大学生体育锻炼认知与态度影响体育行为。研究认为,在针对大学生群体的体育锻炼行为促进中应关注同伴支持的重要作用,以及教师课堂教学质量的提高。 相似文献
4.
P A Fitzsimmons D M Landers J R Thomas H van der Mars 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1991,62(4):424-431
Previous studies that have examined self-efficacy-performance relationships have used novice performers. It is unclear if these findings would generalize to "experienced" performers. Based on Bandura's self-efficacy theory, this study was designed to investigate (a) the effects of false information feedback on self-efficacy beliefs and subsequent weightlifting performance, and (b) whether self-efficacy or past performance is most related to subsequent weightlifting performance. Experienced weightlifters engaged in six performance sessions, each consisting of a one-repetition-maximum bench press. Male subjects (N = 36) were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: accurate performance information, false information that they lifted more than their actual lift, or false information that they lifted less than their actual lift. Before each session, subjects indicated the amount of weight they were 100%, 75%, and 50% confident they could lift. Results replicated existing research findings regarding deception and performance; false positive feedback increased future bench press performance. In addition, results indicated that past weightlifting performance accounted for nearly all of the variance in subsequent performance. This finding is discussed in light of the difficulty in extending the predictions of self-efficacy theory to sport settings where athletes have gained experience by undergoing repeated training trials. 相似文献
5.
在计划行为理论(TPB)的基础上,引入身体活动习惯行为与执行意向,构建扩展TPB(METPB)模型,检验该模型对9~19岁青少年群体的中高强度身体活动(MVPA)的适用性,探讨该模型对小学、初中及高中阶段青少年MVPA影响的差异。结果显示:假设模型的拟合度可以接受,纳入习惯行为与执行意向后,METPB显著地提高了其对身体活动行为的解释力。态度和感知行为控制对MVPA行为意向有显著性影响,解释了31.4%的行为意向方差;行为意向和习惯行为对MVPA行为有显著性影响,解释了18.7%的行为方差;执行意向加强了行为意向朝实际行为的转换。METPB模型对于不同学习阶段青少年MVPA意向及行为的影响有显著性差异。其中:主观规范对小学生与初中生MVPA意向产生了显著性影响,而对高中生的MVPA意向并无显著性影响;感知行为控制对3个阶段学生的MVPA意向产生的影响随着学习阶段的上升不断增强。建议:在对于青少年身体活动的干预中,政府、家庭、学校应重视培养学生对于身体活动参与的正确态度,提高其参与身体活动的意愿,培养其参与身体活动的行为习惯,且在对青少年身体活动干预时考虑学习阶段的差异。 相似文献
6.
探讨行为意向与体育锻炼之间的作用机制,以及行为计划、应对计划和行动控制在行为意向对青少年体育锻炼影响中的作用。对1 092名青少年实施问卷调查,并运用结构方程模型分析数据。研究结果表明,两种计划和行动控制分别能够进一步提高对体育锻炼的解释力;行动计划、应对计划和行动控制在行为意向与体育锻炼之间起链式中介作用。行为计划、应对计划和行动控制在行为意向转化为体育锻炼过程中各自发挥不同作用,其中行动控制是行为意向转化为体育锻炼的决定性因素。 相似文献
7.
Peggy A. Fitzsimmons Daniel M. Landers Jerry R. Thomas Hans van der Mars 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):424-431
Abstract Previous studies that have examined self-efficacy–performance relationships have used novice performers. It is unclear if these findings would generalize to “experienced” performers. Based on Bandura's self-efficacy theory, this study was designed to investigate (a) the effects of false information feedback on self-efficacy beliefs and subsequent weightlifting performance, and (b) whether self-efficacy or past performance is most related to subsequent weightlifting performance. Experienced weightlifters engaged in six performance sessions, each consisting of a one-repetition-maximum bench press. Male subjects (N = 36) were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: accurate performance information, false information that they lifted more than their actual lift, or false information that they lifted less than their actual lift. Before each session, subjects indicated the amount of weight they were 100%, 75%, and 50% confident they could lift. Results replicated existing research findings regarding deception and performance; false positive feedback increased future bench press performance. In addition, results indicated that past weightlifting performance accounted for nearly all of the variance in subsequent performance. This finding is discussed in light of the difficulty in extending the predictions of self-efficacy theory to sport settings where athletes have gained experience by undergoing repeated training trials. 相似文献
8.
体育锻炼可以有效地促进身心健康,但在我国只有少数人群能够长期坚持体育锻炼。通过科学有效的健康宣导来鼓励更多的人参与体育锻炼是非常有必要的。以中国公民为研究对象,探究时间框架和未来结果的考虑对中国公民锻炼意愿的交互作用,同时也分析自我效能、时间框架和未来结果的考虑三者对中国公民锻炼意愿的交互影响。通过线上实验的方法,以不同时间框架信息为刺激物,收集了328个样本数据。研究结果显示,未来结果的考虑和自我效能都会对体育锻炼意愿产生主效应。未来结果的考虑和时间框架对体育锻炼意愿有显著的交互作用,相比于面向现在的时间框架,未来结果的考虑程度高的人接收面向未来的时间框架时更能提高体育锻炼的意愿;而未来结果的考虑程度低的人接触面向现在的时间框架信息后的体育锻炼意愿较强。此外,自我效能、时间框架和未来结果的考虑也会对中国公民锻炼意愿产生交互作用。针对自我效能高的人,如果未来结果的考虑程度较低,则接触面向现在的时间框架时,体育锻炼的意愿最强;如果未来结果的考虑程度较高,则不同的时间框架信息不会影响体育锻炼意愿。针对自我效能低的人,未来结果的考虑程度与不同的时间框架信息是否匹配则显著影响个人的体育锻炼意愿,即未来结果的考虑程度低的人接收面向现在的时间框架信息时会有较强的锻炼意愿,未来结果的考虑程度高的人面向未来的时间框架会有较强的锻炼意愿。最后,根据数据分析结果为体育锻炼健康宣导运动提出信息宣传策略,同时分析和总结本研究的不足,对未来的相关研究进行展望。 相似文献
9.
Despite the known benefits of habitual exercise in patients with heart disease, less than half of these patients exercise regularly and many of those who initiate programs fail to maintain physical activity routines over the long term. The aim of this research was to examine processes related to short- and long-term regulation of exercise to gain a clearer understanding of why people might fail to maintain intended behavioral changes. We modeled intention formation and plan formulation to investigate the distinct roles of self-efficacy and motivation (self-determination) in different phases of behavior change. Our results showed self-efficacy to be more relevant to exercise intentions and motivation to exercise planning. This research provides evidence supporting the proposition that the psychological processes related to short- and long-term regulation of behavior change differ and suggests that people might fail to continue regulating intended behavior owing to a lack of self-determined motivation. 相似文献
10.
The majority of physical activity initiatives have been directed toward promoting cardiorespiratory fitness and general health. Far less attention has been devoted to encouraging or understanding muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine if constructs from the Transtheoretical Model, a contemporary behavior change framework, could be adapted and applied to the study of muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. Participants were 429 college students who completed measures of stage of change, the behavioral and cognitive processes of change, and self-efficacy. All measures were modified to relate specifically to muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. Two direct discriminant function analyses were performed, revealing that the behavioral processes of change and self-efficacy were the major correlates of the stages of change for muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. 相似文献
11.
Ethnicity as a moderator of the theory of planned behavior and physical activity in college students
Blanchard CM Kupperman J Sparling P Nehl E Rhodes RE Courneya KS Baker F Hunt T 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2007,78(5):531-541
Most college students do not meet physical activity (PA) guidelines, and ethnic disparities exist. The present study examined the utility of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in explaining PA intentions and behavior in black and white college students and whether any TPB relationships were moderated by ethnicity. Black (n=170) and white (n=180) students completed a baseline TPB questionnaire and PA assessment 2 weeks later Hierarchical latent variable regression analyses showed that affective attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were significant predictors of intention for both ethnic groups, whereas the PBC-intention relationship was significantly stronger for white students. Intention significantly predicted PA for both ethnic groups. Furthermore, common and ethnic-specific beliefs were identified. 相似文献
12.
Ethnicity as a Moderator of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Physical Activity in College Students
Chris M. Blanchard Janet Kupperman Phil Sparling Eric Nehl Ryan E. Rhodes Kerry S. Courneya 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(5):531-541
Most college students do not meet physical activity (PA) guidelines, and ethnic disparities exist. The present study examined the utility of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in explaining PA intentions and behavior in black and white college students and whether any TPB relationships were moderated by ethnicity. Black (n = 170) and white (n = 180) students completed a baseline TPB questionnaire and PA assessment 2 weeks later. Hierarchical latent variable regression analyses showed that affective attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were significant predictors of intention for both ethnic groups, whereas the PBC-intention relationship was significantly stronger for white students. Intention significantly predicted PA for both ethnic groups. Furthermore, common and ethnic-specific beliefs were identified. 相似文献
13.
Across various social cognitive theories, behavioral intention is broadly argued to be the most proximal and important predictor of behavior (Ajzen, 1991; Gibbons, Gerrard, Blanton, & Russell, 1998; Rogers, 1983). It seems probable that an intention to increase behavior might be differentially determined from an intention to maintain behavior. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to examine (1) the change in two types of behavioral intention over time and (2) the relationship between intention and the social-cognitive factor mental imagery. Behavioral intention, exercise imagery, and observed exercise behavior was measured in 68 exercise initiates participating in a 12-week exercise program. Results revealed that behavioral intention to increase exercise behavior decreased over the exercise program, whereas intentions to maintain exercise behavior increased. Appearance and technique imagery were found to be significant predictors of intention to increase behavior during the first 6 weeks of the program, and only appearance imagery predicted intention to maintain exercise behavior during the last 6 weeks. These findings suggest that the two types of behavioral intention are distinguishable and may be useful targets for exercise behavior interventions. 相似文献
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15.
Deborah L. Dewar Ronald C. Plotnikoff Philip J. Morgan Anthony D. Okely Sarah A. Costigan 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):483-491
Purpose The aim of this study was to test the hypothesized structural paths in Bandura's social-cognitive theory (SCT) model on adolescent girls' physical activity following a 12-month physical activity and dietary intervention to prevent obesity. Method We conducted a 12-month follow-up study of 235 adolescent girls (M age = 13.2 years, SD = 0.4) from 12 secondary schools located in low-income communities. At baseline, participants completed SCT scales related to physical activity (i.e., self-efficacy, intention, parental support, and outcome expectations). At baseline and 12-month follow-up (postintervention), participants wore accelerometers for 7 days. Structural equation modeling was used to determine if Time 1 measures predicted physical activity at 12-month follow-up after adjusting for baseline activity. Results The model explained 28% and 34% of the variance in physical activity and intention, respectively. Model fit indexes indicated the data were a good fit to the model; however, only self-efficacy was associated with physical activity at 12 months. There was no support for intention or outcome expectations as proximal determinants of behavior. Self-efficacy was associated with outcome expectations and parental support; however, only outcome expectations predicted intention. Conclusions Current findings indicate a large proportion of the variance for physical activity and intention remains unexplained and that the proposed pathways in the SCT model were not fully supported. Future model testing may need to consider augmentation or integration of theoretical models, which may include ecological components if we are to advance our understanding of physical activity behavior in this subgroup of the adolescent population. 相似文献
16.
跨理论模型中自我效能、变化阶段对变化过程和身体活动关系的中介效应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过方便抽样法选取浙江省5所高校704名大学生为研究参与者,采用横向调查设计和结构公式建模方法,检验跨理论模型各结构之间及其与身体活动之间的关系。研究结果表明,自我效能和变化阶段在变化过程与身体活动之间扮演着完全中介角色。该结果与自我效能理论和计划行为理论的预测结果相一致。变化过程可经由3条路径对身体活动产生显著的间接影响,第1条路径为变化过程→自我效能→身体活动,这条路径的中介强度最大,约占总效应的一半;第2条路径为变化过程→自我效能→变化阶段→身体活动,此路径的中介强度为28.3%;第3条路径为变化过程→变化阶段→身体活动,该路径的中介强度为19.7%。这一结果提示跨理论模型各结构之间的关系是相互关联的,共同组成了跨理论的整体模式,基于跨理论模型的干预研究不仅要考虑到模型内部各结构之间的关系,也要将整个模式作为干预的目标,只有这样才可能对跨理论模型干预措施的有效性做出正确判断。 相似文献
17.
不同社会阶层居民体育锻炼行为影响要素的特征分析——以杭、宁、温三城市为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于社会分层理论和计划行为理论,采用文献资料、问卷调查、数理统计等研究方法,对城市居民体育锻炼意向特征、态度特征、主观规范特征和认知行为控制特征进行了调查分析。结果表明：体育锻炼意向随着阶层等级的上升而递增;在锻炼态度方面,高阶层对体育锻炼评价要高于低阶层,中间三个阶层基本持平,各分指标存在着结构性的阶层差异;在主观规范方面呈现出“一、二、三”特点,即上层居民体育锻炼社会支持最强、中间三个阶层基本持平、下层居民最弱;各阶层锻炼行为控制能力较低,除中层与上层之间存在差异外其余阶层均不存在着显著性差异。 相似文献
18.
《Sport Management Review》2020,23(4):615-625
The purpose of this study was to investigate influences of environmental and personal factors on volunteers’ behavioral intention. More specifically, the authors examined the relationships among work climate, intrinsic motivation, attitude, emotional exhaustion, and continuance intention through the lens of environmental psychology model. Survey forms tapping the interested outcomes were collected from 924 volunteers of a national sporting event in China. Results of structural equational modeling supported all hypothesized relationships, except the negative relationship between emotional exhaustion and continuance intention. This study expanded the understanding and application of the environmental psychology model in the context of volunteerism in sport. 相似文献
19.
This study aimed to use an extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB), which incorporated additional self-efficacy and past behaviour, to predict the intention to engage in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the MVPA level of Chinese adolescents. Questionnaires that focused on MVPA, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control (PBC), self-efficacy and past behaviour related to the MVPA engagement were administered to a sample of 488 young people. Multiple regression analyses provided moderate support for TPB. Three TPB constructs predicted 28.7% of the variance in intentions to engage in MVPA, and that PBC, but not intention, explained 3.4% of the variance in MVPA. Self-efficacy significantly affected intention and behaviour over and above the influence of TPB. Past behaviour had a small but significant improvement in the prediction of intention, but no improvement in the prediction of MVPA. Based on the results, interventions should target adolescent self-efficacy and PBC in physical activity participation. 相似文献
20.
Mark D. Grabiner 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):186-187
Abstract The majority of physical activity initiatives have been directed toward promoting cardiorespiratory fitness and general health. Far less attention has been devoted to encouraging or understanding muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine if constructs from the Transtheoretical Model, a contemporary behavior change framework, could be adapted and applied to the study of muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. Participants were 429 college students who completed measures of stage of change, the behavioral and cognitive processes of change, and self-efficacy. All measures were modified to relate specifically to muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. Two direct discriminant function analyses were performed, revealing that the behavioral processes of change and self-efficacy were the major correlates of the stages of change for muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. 相似文献