Lotka's law and institutional productivity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Suresh Kumar  Praveen Sharma  K. C. Garg 《Information processing & management》1998,34(6):775-783

The present study aims at determining the applicability of Lotka's law, negative binomial distribution and lognormal distribution for institutional productivity, in the same way as it is to authors and their productivity in the field of engineering sciences and the patents filed by industrial firms in laser S&T. The study indicates that non of the three distributions are applicable for institutional productivity in engineering sciences. However, Lotka's law holds good for full as well as truncated set of data for the patents filed by industrial firms.  相似文献   

Managing uncertainty in the real world     

Satish Kumar 《Resonance》1999,4(4):45-55

In Part 1 of this article we understood the idea of a fuzzy set. We also reviewed simple operations such as fuzzy set intersection, union, and complementation, and related these to geometry. In Part 2, we extend the idea of fuzzy sets to explain how we may develop systems that reason with fuzzy sets using fuzzy logic. The idea of extending fuzzy logic to fuzzy engineering and fuzzy function approximation is explored with a working example. It is hoped that readers will be provided with enough motivation to appreciate the use of fuzzy set theory for real world applications.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Pregnant Anemic Women     

Tiwari AK  Mahdi AA  Zahra F  Chandyan S  Srivastava VK  Negi MP 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(4):411-418

The present study was conducted to investigate the oxidant–antioxidant status in iron deficient pregnant anemic women. One hundred thirty pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were divided into three groups, namely mild (50), moderate (50) and severe (30) anemic along with pregnant healthy women as controls (50). The complete blood count, plasma lipid peroxidation products, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were measured according to respective protocols. The levels of complete blood count, iron, ferritin along with antioxidant enzymes namely catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and reduced glutathione were significantly reduced in all IDA groups. However, the level of oxidized glutathione, lipid peroxides, protein carbonyls, conjugated dienes were found significantly increased in all anemic patients. Antioxidant vitamins, namely C, E and A were also found significantly decreased in IDA patients. On the basis of our results, it may be concluded that IDA tends to increase the pro-oxidant components, which may result in various complications including peroxidation of vital body molecules resulting in increased risk for pregnant women as well as fetus.  相似文献   

Age-Dependent Changes in Glutathione-S-Transferase: Correlation with Total Plasma Antioxidant Potential and Red Cell Intracellular Glutathione     

Maurya PK  Rizvi SI 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(4):398-400

The correlation between antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage during aging has been reported in several tissues in different species. Glutathione-S-transferases (GST) can metabolise endogenous and exogenous toxins and carcinogens by catalysing the conjugation of diverse electrophiles with reduced glutathione (GSH). We observe a significant (P < 0.001) increase in plasma GST activity as a function of human age (r = 0.5675). A significant (P < 0.001) positive correlation (r = 0.8979) is observed between GST activity and total plasma antioxidant potential measured as ferric reducing ability of the plasma (FRAP). GST activity and red cell intracellular GSH also show a significant positive correlation (r = 0.7014). We hypothesize that the increased activity of plasma GST is a manifestation of increased generation of ROS and a concomitant decrease in the level of plasma antioxidant capacity during aging.  相似文献   

The influence of achievement goal orientation on plagiarism     

Ravinder Koul  Roy B. Clariana  Kalayanee Jitgarun  Alisa Songsriwittaya 《Learning and individual differences》2009,19(4):506-512

This investigation considered how undergraduate students with different achievement goal orientation profiles view plagiarism. Thai student volunteers (N = 867) completed an achievement goal survey [Niemivirta, M. (1998). Individual differences in motivational and cognitive factors affecting self-regulated learning — A pattern-oriented approach. In P. Nenninger, R. S. Jäger, A. Frey, & M. Woznitza (Eds.), Advances in motivation (pp. 23–42). Landau, DE: Verlad Empirische Pädagogik] and a “Dimensions of Plagiarism” survey [Koul, R. (2007). Dimensions of Plagiarism. Downloaded April 8, 2008 from http://dimensions-of-plagiarism.wikispaces.com/]. Mixed analysis of variance of attitudes towards plagiarism with goal orientation and gender showed several significant findings: high performance oriented students were substantially stricter than low performance orientated students in evaluating all Dimensions of Plagiarism. Low mastery oriented students were stricter regarding the “motive” dimension of plagiarism while high mastery oriented students were stricter regarding the “source” dimension of plagiarism. Significant differences between females and males were observed across the six factors of the Dimensions of Plagiarism survey. These results are interpreted within the framework of social comparison theory in respect to competitive learning environments.  相似文献   

Human governance: A neglected mantra for continuous performance improvement     

Arfah Salleh  Aziuddin Ahmad  Naresh Kumar 《Performance Improvement》2009,48(9):26-30

Every individual should be entrusted with an internal driver to strive their best towards achieving their potential and to manifest their performance through innovative means. This can be reached only under circumstances where the abstract human values and principles are recognized and indoctrinated in the culture. The strategies discussed in this article will serve as input in proposing the areas of focus toward the practice of human governance.  相似文献   

Building a customized module for the treatment of drug addiction under the remedial programs to be implemented on inmates at the drug rehabilitation centers in Malaysia     

Jamaludin Ahmad Tajularipin Sulaiman Saifuddin Kumar Abdullah Junaidi Shamsuddin 《美中教育评论》2009,6(11):57-64

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The ‘brand name’ research university goes global     

Ravinder Sidhu 《Higher Education》2009,57(2):125-140

This paper traces attempts by two ‘brand-name’ research universities to transnationalise: the US-based Johns Hopkins University, and the University of New South Wales from Australia. Both endeavours were located in, and supported by, Singapore, a city–state with knowledge economy aspirations. The paper explores the globalisation of the research university, and offers insights into the regimes of value that are being assembled in, and through knowledge economies. Both institutions examined in this study failed in their attempts ostensibly because of a lack of fit in goals and commitment. The paper also highlights the ethical issues that frame the globalizing rationalities of research-intensive universities and developmental states seeking competitive advantage in a neoliberalising environment.  相似文献   

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Recent advancement of Raman spectroscopy     

Ujjal Kumar Sur 《Resonance》2010,15(2):154-164

In Raman spectroscopy, inelastic scattering of photons from an atomor molecule in chemical entities is utilized to analyze the composition of solids, liquids and gases. However, the low cross-section limits its applications. The introduction of surface-enhancedRamanspectroscopy in 1974has attracteda lot of attention fromresearchers due to the large enhancement of weak Raman signal,which facilitates identification in chemical and biological systems. Recently, single-molecule Raman scattering has enhanced the detection sensitivity limit of Raman Spectroscopy.  相似文献   

A Sneak Peek into 5G Communications     

Udit Narayana Kar  Debarshi Kumar Sanyal 《Resonance》2018,23(5):555-572

The world of mobile communications is poised for yet another disruptive transformation – the introduction of 5G. It will change the way mobile phones communicate. New technologies at the device level and novel network architectures to manage them will be soon seen everywhere. This article explores what 5G is all about. It also talks briefly about the preparations underway across the globe to deploy 5G by 2020.  相似文献