Simultaneous changes in seed size,oil content and protein content driven by selection of SWEET homologues during soybean domestication     

Shoudong Wang  Shulin Liu  Jie Wang  Kengo Yokosho  Bin Zhou  Ya-Chi Yu  Zhi Liu  Wolf B Frommer  Jian Feng Ma  Li-Qing Chen  Yuefeng Guan  Huixia Shou  Zhixi Tian 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(11):1776

Soybean accounts for more than half of the global production of oilseed and more than a quarter of the protein used globally for human food and animal feed. Soybean domestication involved parallel increases in seed size and oil content, and a concomitant decrease in protein content. However, science has not yet discovered whether these effects were due to selective pressure on a single gene or multiple genes. Here, re-sequencing data from >800 genotypes revealed a strong selection during soybean domestication on GmSWEET10a. The selection of GmSWEET10a conferred simultaneous increases in soybean-seed size and oil content as well as a reduction in the protein content. The result was validated using both near-isogenic lines carrying substitution of haplotype chromosomal segments and transgenic soybeans. Moreover, GmSWEET10b was found to be functionally redundant with its homologue GmSWEET10a and to be undergoing selection in current breeding, leading the the elite allele GmSWEET10b, a potential target for present-day soybean breeding. Both GmSWEET10a and GmSWEET10b were shown to transport sucrose and hexose, contributing to sugar allocation from seed coat to embryo, which consequently determines oil and protein contents and seed size in soybean. We conclude that past selection of optimal GmSWEET10a alleles drove the initial domestication of multiple soybean-seed traits and that targeted selection of the elite allele GmSWEET10b may further improve the yield and seed quality of modern soybean cultivars.  相似文献   

Wearable skin-like optoelectronic systems with suppression of motion artifacts for cuff-less continuous blood pressure monitor     

Haicheng Li  Yinji Ma  Ziwei Liang  Zhouheng Wang  Yu Cao  Yuan Xu  Hua Zhou  Bingwei Lu  Ying Chen  Zhiyuan Han  Shisheng Cai  Xue Feng 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(5):849

According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, an estimated 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular diseases each year, representing 31% of all global deaths. Continuous non-invasive arterial pressure (CNAP) is essential for the management of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is difficult to achieve long-term CNAP monitoring with the daily use of current devices due to irritation of the skin as well as the lack of motion artifacts suppression. Here, we report a high-performance skin-like optoelectronic system integrated with ultra-thin flexible circuits to monitor CNAP. We introduce a theoretical model via the virtual work principle for predicting the precise blood pressure and suppressing motion artifacts, and propose optical difference in the frequency domain for stable optical measurements in terms of skin-like devices. We compare the results with the blood pressure acquired by invasive (intra-arterial) blood pressure monitoring for >1500 min in total on 44 subjects in an intensive care unit. The maximum absolute errors of diastolic and systolic blood pressure were ±7/±10 mm Hg, respectively, in immobilized, and ±10/±14 mm Hg, respectively, in walking scenarios. These strategies provide advanced blood pressure monitoring techniques, which would directly address an unmet clinical need or daily use for a highly vulnerable population.  相似文献   

Probe Majorana zero modes through their spins     

Yi Zhou 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2019,6(2):197

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光环叠加:中国科学精英的生成机制     

周光礼  罗睿 《教育研究》2021,42(10):138-153

任何国家的学术系统都是分层的,根据名望和影响力对学者进行等级区分是一种普遍现象.在中国学术系统中,院士是位居金字塔塔尖的精英群体.无论在科学家的心目中,还是在一般公众的观念上,院士都是国内最具权威、最具声望、最具影响力的人才头衔.中国科学精英的生成过程是一个光环叠加的过程.一方面,精英人才通过对优质教育与科研资源的获取不断进行学术产出和科研能力等资本的累积.另一方面,在"马太效应"的作用机制下,机构的声望、名师效应、海外留学与科研经历、行政任职等因素也在其成长过程中产生不可忽视的影响.  相似文献   

Correction to: Feedback-seeking behavior in second language writing: motivational mechanisms     

Papi  Mostafa  Bondarenko  Anna Vitalyevna  Wawire  Brenda  Jiang  Chen  Zhou  Shiyao 《Reading and writing》2020,33(2):507-509

Reading and Writing - The original publication of the article contained errors in the tables.  相似文献   

Methodological Choices in the Content Analysis of Textbooks for Measuring Alignment With Standards          下载免费PDF全文

Morgan S. Polikoff  Nan Zhou  Shauna E. Campbell 《Educational Measurement》2015,34(3):10-17

With the recent adoption of the Common Core standards in many states, there is a need for quality information about textbook alignment to standards. While there are many existing content analysis procedures, these generally have little, if any, validity or reliability evidence. One exception is the Surveys of Enacted Curriculum (SEC), which has been widely used to analyze the alignment among standards, assessments, and teachers’ instruction. However, the SEC can be time‐consuming and expensive when used for this purpose. This study extends the SEC to the analysis of entire mathematics textbooks and investigates whether the results of SEC alignment analyses are affected if the content analysis procedure is simplified. The results indicate that analyzing only every fifth item produces nearly identical alignment results with no effect on the reliability of content analyses.  相似文献   

让德育之花盛开在英语教学中     

周晓惠 《科教文汇》2011,(32):155-156

英语教学不仅要注重知识的传授,而且要注重德育教育,只有把二者有机地结合起来,文道统一,才能达到教书育人的目的。  相似文献   

德汉抱怨语的性别语用对比     

周薇 《南昌教育学院学报》2013,(11):169-170

德汉抱怨语的性别语用对比研究表明,较之于男性,女性抱怨较多,且喜欢使用间接抱怨方式,口气比较委婉,通常就事论事,抱怨内容比较具体和琐碎,不会过于抽象和宽泛,并且善于倾听对方的抱怨,富有同情心,态度积极,善解人意,有时甚至委曲求全,常常通过主动回应来维系和谐的交际氛围,表现出对对方的理解与尊重,这与男女两性的女性性别原型及其交际风格有密切相关。  相似文献   

在莎翁故乡探寻他的遗迹     

江舟 《文化交流》2015,(3):71-74

雨过天晴,太阳从彩云上探出了笑脸,阳光为西湖增添了金色。当我漫步在苏堤时,忽见垂柳下一对情侣,那身着墨绿色时装的女郎,以舞台上表演似的姿态,唱起莎士比亚名剧《哈姆雷特》插曲,那悠扬的歌声,立即勾起我赴英国探寻莎翁遗迹的回忆。莎士比亚是英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人,人文主义文学的杰出代表。他一生创作37部戏剧、154首14行诗、2首长诗等,在世界各国广泛传播。他去世已近四百年,如今还能看到他的  相似文献   

共产党员要树立马克思主义的人生观与价值观     

赵超男 《温州职业技术学院学报》2001,1(1):90-92

本分析了历史上出现过的三种人生价值观，阐述了马克思主义的人生价值观同三种人生价值观的根本区别，以及共产党员坚持马克思主义人生价值观是我们党在革命和建设时期立于不败之地的根本保证；提出了在改革开放和发展社会主义市场经济条件下应怎样坚持马克思主义的人生价值观。  相似文献