Physiological responses in different intensities of resistance exercise – Critical load and the effects of aging process     

Vivian Maria Arakelian  Cássia da Luz Goulart  Renata Gonçalves Mendes  Nuno Manoel de Sousa  Renata Trimer  Solange Guizilini 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(12):1420-1428

Aim was to identify critical load (CL) in young and elderly apparently healthy male cohorts. To contrast the metabolic, cardiovascular and perceptual responses on CL according to age. We evaluated 12 young (23 ± 3 years) and 10 elderly (70 ± 2 years) apparently healthy active males, who underwent: (1) 1 repetition maximum (1RM) test on a 45° Leg Press; (2) on different days, three high-intensity resistance exercise constant load tests (60%, 75% and 90% 1RM) until fatigue (Tlim). Absolute values of both the CL asymptote and curvature constant (kg) were significantly lower in elderly subjects (P < 0.05). In contrast, elderly subjects demonstrated a significantly higher number of repetitions at CL when compared with young subjects (P < 0.05). As expected, oxygen uptake (VO₂) and heart rate (HR) during maximal aerobic exercise testing were significantly reduced in older subjects. However, percent-predicted aerobic capacity were higher in older subjects (P < 0.05). In addition, blood lactate ([La^?]) corrected to Tlim and rating of perceived exertion values were greater in younger subjects at all intensities (P < 0.05). These findings, despite reduced force production in older subjects, endurance-related parameters are well preserved according to age-adjusted percent-predicted values in apparently healthy males.  相似文献   

3-min all-out effort on cycle ergometer is valid to estimate the anaerobic capacity by measurement of blood lactate and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption     

Alessandro Moura Zagatto  Paulo Eduardo Redkva  Rodrigo Araújo Bonetti de Poli  Joel Abraham Martinez González  Jeniffer Zanetti Brandani  Thiago Penedo 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(5):645-652

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of a single 3-min all-out maximal effort to estimate anaerobic capacity (AC) through the lactate and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) response methods (AC_{[La^?]+EPOCfast}) on a cycle ergometer. Eleven physically active men (age?=?28.1?±?4.0?yrs, height?=?175.1?±?4.2?cm, body mass?=?74.8?±?11.9?kg and ?O_2max?=?40.7?±?7.3?mL?kg^?1?min^?1), participated in the study and performed: i) five submaximal efforts, ii) a supramaximal effort at 115% of intensity of ?O_2max, and iii) a 3-min all-out maximal effort. Anaerobic capacity was estimated using the supramaximal effort through conventional maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) and also through the sum of oxygen equivalents from the glycolytic (fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption) and phosphagen pathways (blood lactate accumulation) (AC_{[La^?]+EPOCfast}), while during the 3-min all-out maximal effort the anaerobic capacity was estimated using the AC_{[La^?]+EPOCfast} procedure. There were no significant differences between the three methods (p?>?0.05). Additionally, the anaerobic capacity estimated during the 3-min all-out effort was significantly correlated with the MAOD (r?=?0.74; p?=?0.009) and AC_{[La^?]+EPOCfast} methods (r?=?0.65; p?=?0.029). Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the 3-min all-out effort is valid to estimate anaerobic capacity in physically active men during a single cycle ergometer effort.  相似文献   

Her Day in Court. Women's Property Rights in Fifteenth-Century Granada     

Cristina de la Puente 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2009,21(3):338-340

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中小学教师师德观的内隐研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

方晓义  陈浩莺  王永丽  林崇德 《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2002,(1):28-33

师德对教师的教育教学行为有着重要的作用,而教师师德的好坏又直接取决于教师的师德观.通过对86名中小学特级教师的师德观及其影响因素的实证研究发现,教师的师德观存在很大的不平衡性和个体差异,在"严谨治学"、"有责任心"、"积极性"、"拥有新知识、积极创新"方面存在明显的性别差异,在"热爱学生"、"有责任心、积极性"方面存在明显的职称差异,在"热爱教育、热爱学校、热爱本专业方面"存在明显的地区差异,而年龄、教龄和学历对教师的师德观没有显著影响.在中小学教师师德培养中,应加强对教师"严谨治学"、"公平对待学生"、"提高科研水平"等的培养.  相似文献   

The influence of achievement motivation and chess-specific motivation on deliberate practice     

de Bruin AB  Rikers RM  Schmidt HG 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2007,29(5):561-583

Although the importance of high motivation to engage in deliberate practice has been acknowledged, no research has directly tested this hypothesis. Therefore, the present study examined this relation in adolescent elite chess players by means of a questionnaire. In addition, to provide an explanation for dropout among promising chess players, differences in motivation between persistent and dropout chess players were analyzed. Competitiveness and the will to excel proved to be predictors of investments in deliberate practice. Moreover, achievement motivation and chess-specific motivation differed to a certain extent between persisters and dropouts. Our results suggest that motivation to engage in deliberate practice not only contains elements of the will to improve performance, but also of the will to attain exceptional levels of performance.  相似文献   

Self-controlled feedback in 10-year-old children: higher feedback frequencies enhance learning     

Chiviacowsky S  Wulf G  de Medeiros FL  Kaefer A  Wally R 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2008,79(1):122-127

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The role of preparatory heart rate deceleration on balance beam performance     

Cottyn J  de Clercq D  Crombez G  Lenoir M 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2008,30(2):159-170

Preparatory heart rate deceleration occurs in tasks with an external focus of attention and is often assumed to facilitate balance performance. However, its effects upon sport-related complex balance movements have not been studied. Heart rate patterns during the preparation period of an acrobatic element (flic-flac) on the balance beam were studied in 14 female gymnasts (M age 13.2 years). A significant heart rate deceleration was found in attempts with a fall in the consecutive acrobatic element, but not in attempts without a fall. These data suggest that preparatory heart rate deceleration may be detrimental to the performance of complex movements on the balance beam.  相似文献   

On the substitution of the native sulphate of magnesia for salphuric acid in the manufacture of hydrochloric acid,sulphate of soda,nitric acid,and chlorine     

M. Ramon de Luna 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1840,30(5):351-352

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Intertwining beyond – critical reading as a labour of care     

Maria Puig de la Bellacasa 《Journal of Cultural Economy》2018,11(3):274-276

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Does eccentric exercise stimulate sarcomerogenesis?     

Walter Herzog  Heiliane de Brito Fontana 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2022,11(1):40-42

Eccentric exercise has been associated with an increase in serial sarcomere number in some studies,1 but not in others.2 Similarly,increasing excursion of muscles resulted in sarcomerogenesis in some studies using growing animals,3 but not in others using skeletally mature animals.4 However,chronic elongation and chronic shortening appears to be a strong regulator of sarcomere number increase5,6 and decrease,5,7 respectively,in animal models.Despite an abundance of research on the regulation of sarcomerogenesis under a variety of conditions,the mechanisms underlying in series sarcomere number adaptations in skeletal muscles remain a puzzle,especially in non-invasive human studies where measurements of sarcomerogenesis following interventions have not been possible to date.  相似文献