Trajectories of parenting and child negative emotionality during infancy and toddlerhood: a longitudinal analysis     

Lipscomb ST  Leve LD  Harold GT  Neiderhiser JM  Shaw DS  Ge X  Reiss D 《Child development》2011,82(5):1661-1675

The current longitudinal study examined trajectories of child negative emotionality, parenting efficacy, and overreactive parenting among 382 adoptive families during infancy and toddlerhood. Data were collected from adoptive parents when the children were 9-, 18-, and 27-month-old. Latent growth curve modeling indicated age-related increases in child negative emotionality and overreactive parenting for adoptive fathers and adoptive mothers (AM), and decreases in parent efficacy among AM. Increases in child negative emotionality were also associated with increases in parent overreactivity and decreases in maternal efficacy. Mothers' and fathers' developmental patterns were linked within but not across parenting domains. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.  相似文献   

Antecedents and outcomes of joint trajectories of mother-son conflict and warmth during middle childhood and adolescence     

Trentacosta CJ  Criss MM  Shaw DS  Lacourse E  Hyde LW  Dishion TJ 《Child development》2011,82(5):1676-1690

This study investigated the development of mother-son relationship quality from ages 5 to 15 in a sample of 265 low-income families. Nonparametric random effects modeling was utilized to uncover distinct and homogeneous developmental trajectories of conflict and warmth; antecedents and outcomes of the trajectory groups also were examined. Four conflict trajectory groups and 3 warmth trajectory groups were identified. Difficult temperament in early childhood discriminated both conflict and warmth trajectory group membership (TGM), and adult relationship quality in early childhood was related to warmth trajectories. In addition, conflict TGM differentiated youth antisocial behavior during adolescence, and warmth trajectories predicted adolescent peer relationship quality and youth moral disengagement. Implications for socialization processes are discussed.  相似文献   

When victims don't cry: children's understandings of victimization, compliance, and subversion     

Shaw LA  Wainryb C 《Child development》2006,77(4):1050-1062

How do children understand situations in which the targets of moral transgressions do not complain about the way they are treated? One-hundred and twenty participants aged 5, 7, 10, 13, and 16 years were interviewed about hypothetical situations in which one child ("transgressor") made an apparently unfair demand of another child ("victim"), who then responded by either resisting, complying, or subverting. In general, 5-year-olds judged compliance positively and resistance negatively and 7- to 16-year-olds judged resistance positively and compliance negatively; all but 16-year-olds judged subversion negatively. Most participants judged the transgressor's actions negatively, regardless of how the victim had responded. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for children's developing understandings of victimization.  相似文献   

Identification of natural dyes in historical textiles from Romanian collections by LC-DAD and LC-MS (single stage and tandem MS)     

Irina Petroviciu  Ina Vanden Berghe  Ileana Cretu  Florin Albu  Andrei Medvedovici 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2012,13(1):89-97

In this study, the dyes present in five 17th- to 18th-century textiles from the National Museum of Art of Romania, three religious embroideries and two brocaded velvets, are characterized and discussed, together with earlier results on textiles from Romanian collections obtained by the same research group. Dye analyses were performed using two methods: the well-established liquid chromatography-diode array detection (LC–DAD) and a recently developed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analytical protocol. The examination of very small historical samples by both techniques allows a better insight in the advantages and limitations of the two approaches to real analyses to be obtained. LC–MS data interpretation is based entirely on the results accumulated for dye standards. Electrospray ionization (ESI) was used in the negative ion mode and an ion trap served as mass analyzer. Both single stage (MS) and tandem (MS/MS) mass spectrometric approaches were considered. The dyes and natural sources identified by both analytical techniques are discussed in the historical context of the textiles, with respect to earlier results collected for similar Romanian objects. The study showed that the dye sources found in the 17th- and 18th-century Romanian velvets and embroideries were produced using a wide variety of dye sources, suggesting influences from Europe as well as from Asia Minor. Dye sources imported from New World have been also detected. The range of biological sources is in very good correspondence with earlier results obtained from textiles in the Romanian Collections. LC-MS (single stage and tandem MS) approaches have been demonstrated to be valuable tools for dye identification in small-scaled samples from historical textile objects only if sufficient knowledge on the dyes and their biological sources is first accumulated within experiments performed on standard dyes and standard dyed fibers.  相似文献   

Analyzing language demands facing english learners on science performance assessments: The sald framework     

Jerome M. Shaw  George C. Bunch  Edward R. Geaney 《科学教学研究杂志》2010,47(8):909-928

This article report on the development and use of an analytical framework intended to map the language demands encountered by English learners as they engage in science performance assessments. Grounded in functional and interactional views of language and language use, the authors—two science education researchers and a language scholar—developed the framework via an inductive, iterative, and systematic review of written assessment materials associated with three fifth grade science performance tasks. The resulting Science Assessment Language Demands (SALD) framework is organized around three dimensions: participant structures, communicative modes, and written texts and genres that students are called upon to read and produce. The authors used textual analysis to conduct an expert review of the written documents associated with the three assessment tasks. The results indicate that the framework can be used to document a wide range of functional and interactional language demands involved in science performance assessments. The demands revealed by the SALD framework highlight both potential challenges facing English learners during science performance assessments as well as opportunities afforded by such assessments for demonstrating their knowledge and skills and further developing language proficiency. A major implication of the study is the potential use of the framework to evaluate the language demands and opportunities of science assessments used in classrooms with English learners. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47: 909–928, 2010  相似文献   

Fragile Minds and Vulnerable Souls: The Matter of Obscenity in Nineteenth-Century Germany     

Dr Ina Linge 《Cultural and Social History》2016,13(3):433-434

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The effects of outcome imagery on golf-putting performance     

Taylor JA  Shaw DF 《Journal of sports sciences》2002,20(8):607-613

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of positive and negative outcome imagery on golf-putting performance. Players of both high and low ability performed a golf-putting task in three imagery conditions: (a) a positive outcome imagery condition, (b) a negative outcome imagery condition and (c) a no-imagery control condition. The task was conducted in a competitive setting, reducing the possibility of demand characteristics. We found that negative outcome imagery was detrimental to putting performance; however, performance in the positive outcome imagery condition was no better than performance in the control condition. There was also evidence to suggest that outcome imagery operated through the mechanism of confidence, as negative outcome imagery was detrimental to both confidence and performance. The results of the present study suggest that golfers should avoid visualizing negative images, as this could damage both confidence and performance.  相似文献   

International cooperation and the European Association for Health Information and Libraries     

Jean Shaw  Jelka Petrak  ELISABETH HUSEM 《Health information and libraries journal》1998,15(1):21-27

International relations of the Lithuanian Library of Medicine     

Jean Shaw  Jelka Petrak  SALVINIJA KOCIEN&#x;  VIDA TAMULIENE 《Health information and libraries journal》1998,15(1):44-47

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International co-operation: Czech libraries     

Jean Shaw  Jelka Petrak  OTAKAR PINKAS 《Health information and libraries journal》1998,15(1):47-48

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