学校变革困难的新制度主义解释   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

柯政 《北京大学教育评论》2007,5(1):42-54

学校在巨大的变革压力面前表现出了很强的稳定性。新制度主义认为,学校作为组织是生活在组织域中的,因此就受制于制度逻辑的约束。而学校变革到了一定阶段之后就必然试图突破制度逻辑对它的限制,但制度逻辑是高度稳定的。首先,制度逻辑的形成是“集体行为”,单方面的改变很难成功。其次,制度逻辑可以自我“神化”,从而免于理性的质疑和冲击。最后,个体往往无法意识到制度逻辑对自己的影响,因此制度逻辑很难被有意识地纠正。这是造成学校变革困难的深层次原因。  相似文献   

采矿工程三维可视化虚拟实验室建设     

韩磊  杨科 《实验技术与管理》2011,28(6)

分析了采矿工程实验室建设的现状及其存在的问题;通过介绍虚拟现实技术的本质涵义和分析其在教育领域中价值,提出建立基于三维可视化技术的采矿工程虚拟实验室并确定其基本功能,为采矿工程实验室建设开辟一条崭新途径.  相似文献   

"嵌入式系统"开放实验室建设与实践     

李秀娟  张晓东  鲁可  张杰 《实验室研究与探索》2011,30(5)

针对当前嵌入式人才培养过程中存在的重理论轻实践问题,介绍了我校嵌入式系统开放实验室2007年以来的实践教学经验.对开放过程中的课程内容、教学手段、教材建设、以开放实验为基础的大学生科技竞赛等方面进行了探索与实践.开放运行以来所取得的成果表明,开放实验室在培养大学生创新精神和实践能力方面发挥了重要作用.  相似文献   

基础教育阶段少数民族教育优惠政策的比较研究——以美国、英国和印度为例     

孙珂 《外国教育研究》2011,(9):6-11

美国、英国和印度是世界上较有影响的三个多民族国家,比较它们基础教育阶段的少数民族教育优惠政策可以发现以下规律:经费投入是少数民族教育优惠政策的应有之义;一国的少数民族来源会影响政策的理念;义务教育的普及情况会影响政策的侧重点;政策监管水平会影响政策的实施效果。  相似文献   

责任伦理观的引入与自然辩证法教学改革     

刘科 《培训与研究》2011,28(1):111-113

在社会生活和科学技术不断变化的新形势下,在自然辩证法教学中引入责任伦理观十分必要,可以进一步突显其科学？人文素质教育的双重功能。根据责任伦理观的内涵和现实国情,我们要积极培养理工科研究生对科学技术事业健全发展、社会进步和自然界的责任意识。为此,需要把责任伦理观融合到自然辩证法教学实践中,通过增补自然辩证法教学内容来体现责任伦理观;通过任课教师的教学理念来落实责任伦理观;通过案例教学来强化责任伦理观。  相似文献   

An Entity Theory of Intelligence Predicts Higher Cortisol Levels When High School Grades Are Declining     

Hae Yeon Lee  Jeremy P. Jamieson  Adriana S. Miu  Robert A. Josephs  David S. Yeager 《Child development》2019,90(6):e849-e867

Grades often decline during the high school transition, creating stress. The present research integrates the biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat with the implicit theories model to understand who shows maladaptive stress responses. A diary study measured declines in grades in the first few months of high school: salivary cortisol (N = 360 students, N = 3,045 observations) and daily stress appraisals (N = 499 students, N = 3,854 observations). Students who reported an entity theory of intelligence (i.e., the belief that intelligence is fixed) showed higher cortisol when grades were declining. Moreover, daily academic stressors showed a different lingering effect on the next day's cortisol for those with different implicit theories. Findings support a process model through which beliefs affect biological stress responses during difficult adolescent transitions.  相似文献   

Examining features of how professional development and enactment of educative curricula influences elementary science teacher learning     

Ellen M. Granger  Todd H. Bevis  Sherry A. Southerland  Yavuz Saka  Fengfeng Ke 《科学教学研究杂志》2019,56(3):348-370

This research examines factors influencing elementary science teacher learning as they participate in professional development with and enactment of educative curricula in comparison with learning following limited professional development and enactment of traditional curricula. Using a randomized cluster design (125 teachers and 2,694 students in 4th—5th grades) that met the What Works Clearinghouse standards without reservations, teacher learning was conceptualized using four outcomes. Data were analyzed using standard single-level multiple regression models and possible mediation models for the teacher outcomes were considered using piecewise multiple regression and path analytic approaches. Treatment group teachers experienced greater increases in content knowledge, views of science inquiry, beliefs about reform-based teaching, and teaching self-efficacy than comparison group teachers. The findings indicate that what teachers learn from the combination of professional development and teaching with educative curriculum varies according to what their knowledge and beliefs are on entering the experience. Surprisingly, high entry-level self-efficacy was associated not only with lower learning gains for the teachers, but also for their students. Finally, teachers' space science learning and that of their students are implicated as mediators of the positive effect of the professional development and educative curriculum enactment on teacher beliefs about reform science teaching. This work refines and extends a theoretical framework of teachers' participatory relationship with curricula.  相似文献   

高校设备采购工作廉政风险探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

钱大益  孟兆磊  刘仁霖  柯红岩 《中国现代教育装备》2011,(5):3-6

从业务流程、制度机制、外部环境等方面认真分析了高校设备采购过程中存在或潜在的风险点,结合工作实际对风险点的防治措施进行了详细探讨,并阐述了笔者工作中的具体做法。  相似文献   

带参数的奇异三阶三点边值问题的正解     

曹珂 《河西学院学报》2011,27(5):4-10

本文讨论下述带参数的奇异三阶三点边值问题■其中γ>0是参数且a(t)在t=0和t=1处具有奇性,当f和a满足适当条件时,对一定取值范围内的γ,获得了上述边值问题正解的存在性与不存在性.所用主要工具是Guo-Krasnoselskii不动点定理.  相似文献   

论庄子之“道”与“大美”的美学观     

秦忠翼  秦科 《湖南城市学院学报》2011,32(1):78-83

庄子之"道"是对老子之"道"的继承和发展,将老子之"道"人情化、审美化,侧重于探讨人如何超脱现实与物的束缚,遨游于天地万物之中,追求精神解脱和自由的人生境界及其途径和方法。庄子主张"大美","大美"就是存在于天地万物之间的真美,是一种不着人为因素的原初之美,无论审美主体和审美客体都处于顺应自然的自由状态,超越于世俗的美丑观念,是"道"的境界的形象化体现。  相似文献