Physiological responses at the lactate-minimum-intensity with and without prior high-intensity exercise     

Alessandro Moura Zagatto  Johnny Padulo  Adelino Ramos Sanchez da Silva  Paulo de Tarso Guerrero Müller  Willian Eiji Miyagi  Claudio Alexandre Gobatto 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(21):2106-2113

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Poor precompetitive sleep habits,nutrients’ deficiencies,inappropriate body composition and athletic performance in elite gymnasts     

M.-R. G. Silva  T. Paiva 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(6):726-735

This study aimed to evaluate body composition, sleep, precompetitive anxiety and dietary intake on the elite female gymnasts’ performance prior to an international competition. Sixty-seven rhythmic gymnasts of high performance level were evaluated in relation to sport and training practice, body composition, sleep duration, daytime sleepiness by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), sleep quality by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), precompetitive anxiety by the Sport Competition Anxiety Test form A (SCAT-A) and detailed dietary intake just before an international competition. Most gymnasts (67.2%) suffered from mild daytime sleepiness, 77.6% presented poor sleep quality and 19.4% presented high levels of precompetitive anxiety. The majority of gymnasts reported low energy availability (EA) and low intakes of important vitamins including folate, vitamins D, E and K; and minerals, including calcium, iron, boron and magnesium (p?p?=?.001), sport practice (p?=?.024), number of daily training hours (p?=?.000), number of hours of training/week (p?=?.000), waist circumference (WC) (p?=?.008) and sleep duration (p?=?.005). However, it was negatively correlated with WC/hip circumference (p?=?.000), ESS (p?=?.000), PSQI (p?=?.042), SCAT-A (p?=?.002), protein g/kg (p?=?.028), EA (p?=?.002) and exercise energy expenditure (p?=?.000). High performance gymnasts presented poor sleep habits with consequences upon daytime sleepiness, sleep quality and low energy availability.  相似文献   

Methodological-conceptual problems in the study of chimpanzees’ folk physics: How studies with adult humans can help     

Silva FJ  Page DM  Silva KM 《Learning & behavior》2005,33(1):47-58

In three experiments, we examined humans’ folk physics (i.e., a naturally occurring and spontaneous understanding of the physical world), using variations of problems used to study chimpanzees’ folk physics. Presented with trap-tube problems in two experiments, adult humans showed an unnecessary bias to insert a stick into the end of the tube farthest from the reward to push it out the other end. When presented with trap-table problems with ineffective trapping holes, people unnecessarily avoided the side with the hole. The similarity of humans’ and chimpanzees’ behavior on these tasks highlights methodological and conceptual problems in studies of chimpanzees’ folk physics and suggests alternative explanations for their behavior.  相似文献   

American influencies in Brazilian physical education: clues in the specialised periodical press (1932–1950)     

Omar Schneider  Amarílio Ferreira Neto  André da Silva Mello  Wagner dos Santos  Sebastião Josué Votre 《Sport, Education and Society》2016,21(7):1053-1070

This study investigates the American presence and influences in the physical education press to understand the way in which that presence influenced and contributed to the production of a sports culture in the first half of the twentieth century. As historical sources, the study uses periodicals in the field that were published in the period 1932–1950. As a theoretical frame of reference, it uses the repertoire of the New Cultural History in terms of strategy, tactics and devices. It is written in a narrative way, following Ginzburg's style, presenting data and contextualizing them with the historic scene. Clues enabled us to infer that the American presence, which was catalysed by the Brazilian Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), sought to shape a sports culture from physical education and society. This effort reflected the yearning of Brazilian intellectuals for modernisation and an attempt at cultural colonisation by the government of the USA.  相似文献   

Early intervention in Portugal: family support and benefits     

Carina Sofia Correia Leite  Ana Paula Da Silva Pereira 《Support for Learning》2013,28(4):146-153

This study investigated the support and benefits of early intervention (EI) in families with children with special needs. Data were gathered through a written questionnaire, ‘Family Benefits Inventory’, completed by 126 families with children with special needs supported by EI teams, with ages from six months to six years in Portugal. The global results obtained in this study allowed us to conclude that families considered that they obtained benefit from EI and received support most of the time in the different dimensions of the questionnaire. Furthermore, support given by an EI professional had a positive influence on families' perceptions regarding the benefits of EI.  相似文献   

Development of mechanical engineering curricula at the University of Minho   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

J. C. Fernandes Teixeira  J. Ferreira Da Silva 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2007,32(5):539-549

The implementation of the Bologna protocol in the European Union has set new goals for the whole higher education system as: (a) a quality assessment for university courses; (b) a framework for the exchange of students and academics; and (c) an opportunity for changing the teaching/learning procedures and methodologies. Within the context, the mechanical engineering curricula at the University of Minho have been comprehensively formulated in order to meet these and future challenges and expectations. The whole process has been based upon various cornerstones: the legal framework for the higher education system; the introduction of new learning methodologies and an accurate survey and understanding of the existing strong and week points of the previous experience. For this purpose, a comprehensive evaluation has been carried out with former students and a detailed map has been formulated regarding their professional careers and experiences. Furthermore, a discussion has been carried out in order to define the mission of the graduate in mechanical engineering. In brief, such mission may be referred by his ability to participate in the wealth creation through technology based innovation. Within this context, the curriculum has been structured in order to meet such goals. In addition to strong foundations in physics and mathematics, new subjects are introduced into the curriculum. The whole education is based upon project development which stimulates the students' initiative, responsibility and their ability to integrate knowledge. Throughout the curriculum, students are enrolled into research projects developed in the department and it is expected that a few selected projects may be taken into a quasi industrial stage.  相似文献   

The influence of globalization     

Roberto Gilodi 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1998,14(2):29-31

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Validity and reliability of a novel optoelectronic device to measure movement velocity,force and power during the back squat exercise     

Roberto Laza-Cagigas  Mark Goss-Sampson  Eneko Larumbe-Zabala  Leke Termkolli 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(7):795-802

This study analysed the validity and reliability of a new optoelectronic device (Velowin) for the measurement of vertical displacement and velocity as well as to estimate force and mechanical power. Eleven trained males with Mean (SD) age = 27.4 (4.8) years, completed an incremental squat exercise test with 5 different loads (<30–90% of their 1?repetition maximum) while displacement and vertical velocity of the barbell were simultaneously measured using an integrated 3D system (3D motion capture system + force platform) and Velowin. Substantial to almost perfect correlation (concordance correlation coefficient = 0.75–0.96), root mean square error as coefficient of variation ±90% confidence interval ≤10% and good to excellent intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.84–0.99 were determined for all the variables. Passing and Bablock regression methods revealed no differences for average velocity. However, significant but consistent bias were determined for average or peak force and power while systematic and not proportional bias was found for displacement. In conclusion, Velowin, in holds of some potential advantages over traditionally used accelerometer or linear transducers, represents a valid and reliable alternative to monitor vertical displacement and velocity as well as to estimate average force and mechanical power during the squat exercise.  相似文献   

Association between socio-economic status and physical activity is mediated by social support in Brazilian students     

Amanda M. George  Alexsandra da Silva Bandeira  Valter Cordeiro Barbosa Filho  Linda E. Rohr  Adair da Silva Lopes 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(5):500-506

This study evaluated whether the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is mediated by social support of peers and parents. A cross-sectional study included students (n = 1182) aged 11 to 18 years who were recruited in 2014 from public schools in Fortaleza, Brazil. Participants completed a questionnaire to assess all variables. Mediation analyses were performed to determine the role of parental support and peer support on the relationship between SES and MVPA. Also, moderated-mediation analyses with estimating of conditional indirect effects were performed in order to identify whether gender is a moderator of the mediating effect. A positive and significant association between SES and MVPA was found among Brazilian students, and social support of parents and peers were significant mediators of this relationship. Conditional indirect effects showed that both parental and peer support had a significant indirect effect among boys; only parental support had a significant indirect effect among girls. These results suggest that improving social support can help reduce the impact of SES on physical activity among Brazilian adolescents.  相似文献   

Enhancing Teachers’ Awareness About Relations Between Science and Religion     

Alexandre Bagdonas  Cibelle Celestino Silva 《Science & Education》2015,24(9-10):1173-1199

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