The effect of national culture on partner buyouts in cross-border biotechnology alliances     

Timothy B. Folta  Walter J. Ferrier 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2000,11(2):175-198

This study examines how national culture influences the likelihood and rate of buyouts among R&D equity alliances and joint ventures in the biotechnology industry. We hypothesize that the interaction of specific national culture attributes and cultural differences between alliance partners have an impact on: (1) the amount of endogenous uncertainty surrounding the potential integration of the target firm and (2) the marginal rate of learning in hierarchical versus collaborative governance. Applying a competing hazard model to a sample of 173 joint ventures and minority equity collaborations in the biotechnology industry, we found that investing firms from high power distance and high uncertainty avoidance countries are more likely to buy out their alliance partners. Furthermore, greater cultural distance between alliance partners increases the likelihood of partner buyout when investing firms are from high power distance countries.  相似文献   

Conditionalizing on Knowledge   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Williamson  Timothy 《The British journal for the philosophy of science》1998,49(1):89-121

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Planning for Andrew: the use of COACH and VISTA in an inclusive preschool program     

Michael F. Giangreco  Timothy Whiteford  Lucie Whiteford  Mary Beth Doyle 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1998,45(4):375-396

This case study chronicles the use of two educational planning tools, COACH (Choosing Outcomes and Accommodations for Children: A Guide to Educational Planning for Students with Disabilities) and VISTA (Vermont Interdependent Services Team Approach: A Guide to Coordinating Educational Support Services) for Andrew, a 4‐year‐old child with Down syndrome, who attends a general education preschool. The article documents the decisions his team made using COACH and VISTA and describes the findings of follow‐up interviews with his parents, preschool teacher, special educator, and speech/language pathologist. The findings offer insights into the benefits and limitations of these approaches at the preschool level. Implications for facilitating communication and decision‐making among team members are discussed.  相似文献   

Plato: Images,Aims, and Practices of Education*     

Timothy L. Simpson 《Educational theory》2020,70(2):231-242

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Early retention: Are there long-term beneficial effects?     

Amanda McCombs Thomas  Lisa Armistead  Tracy Kempton  Sean Lynch  Rex Forehand  Sarah Nousiainen  Bryan Neighbors  Lynne Tannenbaum 《Psychology in the schools》1992,29(4):342-347

The purpose of this study was to examine whether retention of kindergarten and first-grade children is associated with long-term beneficial effects. Thirty-one children who had been retained were compared to 31 children who had similar grades but had never been retained. The dependent measures were grade point average in the second through fifth grades and four teacher-assessed areas of functioning in the fourth and fifth grade: social competence, cognitive competence, externalizing problems, and internalizing problems. The results indicated that retention was not associated with long-term beneficial effects but rather, especially for White children, appeared to be associated with poorer academic and social functioning. Implications and limitations of the study are discussed.  相似文献   

Child and adolescent multidimensional self‐concept: A five‐instrument factor analysis     

Bruce A. Bracken  Sherry Bunch  Timothy Z. Keith  Patricia B. Keith 《Psychology in the schools》2000,37(6):483-493

The factor structure of five self‐concept scales from a hierarchical, multidimensional theoretical model was investigated. The Coopersmith Self‐Esteem Inventory, Multidimensional Self Concept Scale, Piers‐Harris Self‐Concept Scale, Self‐Esteem Index, and the Tennessee Self‐Concept Scale were administered to 221 students in Grades 5 through 8 in a counter‐balanced administration format. The five scales each yielded strong general factors and six dominant factors that coincide with the proposed theoretical model, which reflects social, affect, competence, academic, family, and physical self‐concepts. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  相似文献   

Impact and dynamics of portfolio assessment and traditional assessment in a college physics course     

Timothy F. Slater  Joseph M. Ryan  Sara L. Samson 《科学教学研究杂志》1997,34(3):255-271

Popular belief in alternative assessment procedures suggests that the use of student portfolios can help learners successfully organize and integrate newly acquired scientific knowledge. This two-group comparison study documents the use of student created portfolios in an algebra-based, college-level, introductory physics course. Sixteen students were assessed primarily using a portfolio-style assessment procedure. Nineteen students were assessed primarily using traditional, objective examinations. Both groups were given the same cumulative, multiple-choice final examination. All students completed a pre- and post-self-report survey of achievement in physics. There were no significant differences in learner achievement between the two groups on the final examination or on the self-report of achievement given before and after instruction. Analysis of two focus group discussions did, however, suggest that students assessed by portfolios feel less anxious about learning physics, devote considerable time to reading and studying outside of class, internalize and personalize the content material, and enjoy the learning experience. The results of this study suggest that portfolio-style assessment procedures support student achievement at least at the same level as traditional assessment procedures and appear to have additional benefits. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 34: 255–271, 1997.  相似文献   

Preface     

Timothy A. Brusseau 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2020,91(2)

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Correlation network analysis shows divergent effects of a long-term,high-fat diet and exercise on early stage osteoarthritis phenotypes in mice     

Timothy M.Griffin  Albert Batushansky  Joanna Hudson  Erika Barboza Prado Lopes 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(2):119-131,197

Background:Obesity increases knee osteoarthritis(OA) risk through metabolic,inflammatory,and biomechanical factors,but how these systemic and local mediators interact to drive OA pathology is not well understood.We tested the effect of voluntary running exercise after chronic diet-induced obesity on knee OA-related cartilage and bone pathology in mice.We then used a correlation-based network analysis to identify systemic and local factors associated with early-stage knee OA phenotypes among the different diet and exercise groups.Methods:Male C57 BL/6 J mice were fed a defined control(10% kcal fat) or high fat(HF)(60% kcal fat) diet from 6 to 37 weeks of age.At 25 weeks,one-half of the mice from each diet group were housed in cages with running wheels for the remainder of the study.Histology,micro computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging were used to evaluate changes in joint tissue structure and OA pathology.These local variables were then compared to systemic metabolic(body mass,body fat,and glucose tolerance),inflammatory(serum adipokines and inflammatory mediators),and functional(mechanical tactile sensitivity and grip strength) outcomes using a correlation-based network analysis.Diet and exercise effects were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance.Results:An HF diet increased the infrapatellar fat pad size and posterior joint osteophytes,and wheel running primarily altered the subchondral cortical and trabecular bone.Neither HF diet nor exercise altered average knee cartilage OA scores compared to control groups.However,the coefficient of variation was≥25% for many outcomes,and some mice in both diet groups developed moderate OA(>33% maximum score).This supported using correlation-based network analyses to identify systemic and local factors associated with early-stage knee OA phenotypes.In wheel-running cohorts,an HF diet reduced the network size compared to the control diet group despite similar running distances,suggesting that diet-induced obesity dampens the effects of exercise on systemic and local OA-related factors.Each of the 4 diet and activity groups showed mostly unique networks of local and systemic factors correlated with early-stage knee OA.Conclusion:Despite minimal group-level effects of chronic diet-induced obesity and voluntary wheel running on knee OA pathology under the current test durations,diet and exercise substantially altered the relationships among systemic and local variables associated with early-stage knee OA.These results suggest that distinct pre-OA phenotypes may exist prior to the development of disease.  相似文献   

Economically designed job aids     

Nancy A. Snow  Timothy J. Newby 《Performance Improvement》1989,28(3):26-30

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