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51.
本研究聚焦国际儿童发展和脑功能研究的最新发现:儿童学习的脑功能交管系统,即脑执行功能理论,以及这一理论对学前儿童发展与教育的启示。综述大量来自国外权威研究机构的最新成果,本文集中讨论儿童学习与发展的脑功能交管系统的定义,解释早期发展经验如何促进儿童脑执行功能能力的发展,强调创建适合儿童脑执行功能发展的教育环境和预防毒性压力的重要性。在此基础上,研究者针对我国学前教育的现实状况,提出了有益的建议。 相似文献
52.
The relationship between cognitive style and trainee teacher conceptions of differentiation was studied to develop appropriate
scaffolding of their learning. 149 trainee teachers enrolled on 1 year postgraduate initial teacher education (ITE) programmes
at two UK universities completed the Cognitive Style Index (Allinson and Hayes, Journal of Management Studies, 33(1):119–135,
1996; Hodgkinson and Sadler-Smith, Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology, 76(2):243–268, 2003) and a questionnaire exploring their understanding of differentiation, conceptions of learning and learning preferences.
A stratified sample of these trainees was also interviewed to assess their understanding and prior knowledge of differentiation
and learning styles and how they would plan for these in the classroom. Responses were coded using content analysis procedures.
Cognitive style was found to impact on trainees’ conceptions of differentiation; for example, trainees demonstrating higher
levels of analysis and intuition had a more developed understanding of differentiation than other cognitive styles. In relation
to the findings, the use of a constructivist pedagogical tool: a Personal Learning Styles Pedagogy (Evans and Waring, Zhang
& Sternberg (Eds.), Perspectives on the nature of intellectual styles, 2009) is presented to inform the reconceptualisation of ITE programmes. In so doing, the use of this tool addresses key issues
raised in recent international policy debates concerning the necessary development of ITE for twenty-first century learner
needs. 相似文献
53.
Siddhi Pittayachawan Peter Macauley Terry Evans 《Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management》2016,38(5):562-575
This article reports how statistical analyses of PhD thesis records can reveal future research capacities for disciplines beyond their primary fields. The previous research showed that most theses contributed to and/or used methodologies from more than one discipline. In Australia, there was a concern for declining mathematical teaching and research capacity. We decided to investigate the ‘hidden’ mathematics research capacity in PhDs outside of mathematics. Australian PhD records were re-coded with up to three fields. Records with mathematics as one of their codes were selected and analysed for their relationships to disciplines in their other codes. Triple-coding revealed ‘hidden’ mathematical research capacity that had previously been single-coded in another field had mathematics as one of their subsequent fields. Our findings have implications for policy and planning for mathematics in Australia, and multiple coding of PhD theses records enables analyses for other disciplines to be undertaken to show their research capacities. 相似文献
54.
ABSTRACTThis national survey of PhD faculty assessed the research preparation of entering doctoral social work students on a wide range of research knowledge and related skills. The prior literature shows that PhD programs repeat much BSW and MSW research course content. This study shows that the trend continues and has perhaps widened. PhD research faculty report that the typical entering PhD student displayed solid conceptual, ethics, and writing skills but lesser preparation for conducting quantitative and qualitative research, including methods related to understanding evidence-based practice. The research expectations of responding PhD faculty were low, reflecting limited retention and little production of research among typical entering doctoral students. These findings raise the issue of how effectively the social work profession prepares students for research and for future PhD education. 相似文献
55.
This study investigates continuing professional development (CPD) of vocational teachers, with a focus on recurrent participation. Vocational teachers need to be competent as teachers and in relation to their vocational teaching subject. Reformation of Swedish vocational education in order to strengthen the working-life connection imposes demands on teachers to have up-to-date knowledge about the vocations related to their vocational subjects. To support the reform, vocational teachers have been offered to participate in a new national CPD initiative targeting their vocational competence. The study concerns participation in this initiative. Drawing on a socio-cultural perspective, vocational teachers’ CPD implies boundary-crossing between school and working-life. Theory concerning adults’ participation in education is considered relevant to understand conditions for such boundary-crossing, and learning, among vocational teachers. The article specifically investigates patterns in vocational teachers’ recurrent participation, which is expected to clarify the factors influencing further participation in professional development. The strongest predictor of recurrent participation, when adjusting for the influence of other factors, is the type of municipality that the teacher comes from, with low populated municipalities having the lowest likelihood of participation. Furthermore, recurrent participation is more likely by participating teachers from adult education or from privately owned schools, and by male teachers. 相似文献
56.
John M. Reveles Gregory J. Kelly Richard P. Durán 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2007,1(3):467-495
This ethnographic study of a third grade classroom examined elementary school science learning as a sociocultural accomplishment.
The research focused on how a teacher helped his students acquire psychological tools for learning to think and engage in
scientific practices as locally defined. Analyses of classroom discourse examined both how the teacher used mediational strategies
to frame disciplinary knowledge in science as well as how students internalized and appropriated ways of knowing in science.
The study documented and analyzed how students came to appropriate scientific knowledge as their own in an ongoing manner
tied to their identities as student scientists. Implications for sociocultural theory in science education research are discussed.
John Reveles is an assistant professor in the Elementary Education Department at California State University, Northridge. He received
his Ph.D. from the University of California, Santa Barbara in 2005. Before pursuing his Ph.D., he worked as a bilingual elementary
school teacher for 3 years. His research focuses on the development of scientific literacy in elementary school settings;
sociocultural influences on students' academic identity; equity of access issues in science education; qualitative and quantitative
research methods. Within the Michael D. Eisner College of Education, he teaches elementary science curriculum methods courses,
graduate science education seminars, and graduate research courses.
Gregory Kelly is a professor of science education at Penn State University. He is a former Peace Corps Volunteer and physics teacher. He
received his Ph.D. from Cornell in 1994. His research focuses on classroom discourse, epistemology, and science learning.
This work has been supported by grants from Spencer Foundation, National Science Foundation, and the National Academy of Education.
He teaches courses concerning the uses of history, philosophy, sociology of science in science teaching and teaching and learning
science in secondary schools. He is editor of the journal Science Education.
Richard Durán is a Professor in the Gevirtz Graduate School of Education, University of California, Santa Barbara. His research and publications
have been in the areas of literacy and assessment of English Language Learners and Latino students. He has also conducted
research on after school computer clubs, technology and learning as part of the international UC Links Network. With support
from the Kellogg Foundation, he is implementing and investigating community and family-centered intervention programs serving
the educational progress of Latino students in the middle and high school grades. 相似文献
57.
培训理念误区VS对策 在培训的理念上,很多企业片面强调高层培训,严重忽视中层培训.目前我国企业正在兴起培训热潮,不重视培训的企业越来越少.特别是在大中型企业,培训已被提上工作日程,越来越多的企业做出了培训预算,建成了培训体系.这是由于多年的市场竞争洗礼,企业认识到转变观念、接受新知的必要性和迫切性.但是,企业往往将培训预算放在高层管理者培训上,而忽视对中层管理者的正式培训.高层管理者热衷于参加各种总裁(CEO)研讨班、高级论坛、花费颇多.但对中层培训却吝于投资.其原因有三:一是经费限制;二是用管理代替培训,以为只要决策者观念和决策正确,令中层管理者执行即可;三是担心中层管理者技能提高,不安于现状. 相似文献
58.
Pedro Gutiérrez Bueno wrote two editions of a chemistry textbook between 1788 and 1802. The paper offers a comparative view
of both editions taking into account Gutiérrez Bueno’s biography, his intended audience and the changes related to the so-called
chemical revolution. Some conclusions are at odds with common images about scientific revolutions and the role of textbooks
in science. The analysis aims to shed some light on the multiple historical forces shaping textbooks and the way in which
scientific change is assimilated by their writers.
This research was partially supported by the program BHA2002-04611-CO3-02 相似文献
59.
勿庸置疑,自由乃是人们今天所持有的最重要的价值观之一。本文将从哈耶克的经济伦理思想来展示自由重要性。首先,阐述了自由对于世界发展的有利之面,在某种意义上说,现代化正是由自由所激发的巨大能量所推动的。其次,分析了计划经济所带来的种种弊端,从反面印证了自由的重要性。最后,对上述分析了作了几点反思,以寻求促进我国市场经济建设的有益见解。 相似文献
60.
This paper gives background information on early childhood services in Ireland and presents the results of a survey of the preschool experiences of 1065 children. The results of the survey suggest that the majority of children experienced some form of early childhood service before starting school. The most common service was a playgroup although a significant proportion of the children had experienced home‐based care with a relative or family day care provider. The implications of the findings for the development of a policy on early childhood services are discussed. 相似文献