Journalism as institution and work in Europe,circa 1860     

Henrik Örnebring 《Media History》2013,19(4):393-407

This article presents a comparative historical analysis of the relationship between journalism as institution (i.e., a particular set of organizations in society) and journalism as work (i.e., an activity practiced by individuals) in four European countries: Britain, Sweden, Germany, and Estonia. The analysis compares the institutional context of journalistic work in these four countries around 1860, focusing in particular on the organization of journalistic labor at the national newspaper of record. The historical comparison reveals how exceptional the British case is. The study finds that British journalism circa 1860 exhibited a high division of labor, high labor specialization, and was increasingly focused on news gathering and production. Swedish and German journalism exhibited an emerging division of labor and labor specialization, and was focused on political debate (rather than news gathering and production). Estonian journalism exhibited hardly any division of labor or labor specialization, and was focused on raising national awareness.  相似文献   

疫情背景下北京冬奥会国际传播战略与实践策略刍议     

张昆  蒲蕤 《武汉体育学院学报》2022,56(1):5-12

新冠疫情增加了逆全球化趋势,疫情防控与中国国家形象塑造成为当前中国政府和社会各界关注的重要议题。2022年北京冬奥会作为后疫情时代中国最大的主场外交活动之一,是提升我国体育国际话语权、改善国家形象的重要机遇。基于此,结合当前全球疫情背景,从国际关系、国际舆论、国内发展状况等角度综合分析了北京冬奥会国际传播面临的机遇与挑战,并从国际传播战略和国际传播实践策略两个层面出发,提出战略规划和策略实施的具体路径,以期提高体育国际传播效果,增强中国体育国际话语权,构建国际传播新格局。  相似文献   

The learner experience of Curriculum 2000: implications for the reform of 14–19 education in England     

Ann Hodgson  Ken Spours 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(1):101-118

In September 2000, new qualifications for 16–19 year olds, known as Curriculum 2000, were introduced in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland with the aim of broadening the advanced level curriculum. It was left to schools, colleges, and their learners, however, to decide how these new qualifications would be used to build learner programmes of study. In this voluntarist context, the views and actions of learners have been an important factor in determining the course of the reforms. This article, which is based primarily on a study of 42 learners in a school/college consortium in the south west of England, provides a chronological account of learner experiences of these reforms during their first 2 years of implementation. The consortium discussed here offered a high‐volume study programme similar in size and content to those being proposed by the Tomlinson Working Group on 14–19 curriculum and qualifications reform in England. Learners found their expanded programmes onerous, due in part to the nature of the new qualifications and in part to the context of their implementation. The article concludes by identifying a number of policy lessons for 14–19 reform arising from this research.  相似文献   

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Croatian solid-organ transplant recipients     

Anna Mrzljak   eljka Jurekovi&#x;  Jadranka Pavi i&#x;-&#x;ari&#x;  Vladimir Stevanovi&#x;  Irena Tabain   eljka Hru&#x;kar  Danko Mikuli&#x;  Ljubo Barbi&#x;  Tatjana Vilibi&#x;-avlek 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2021,31(3)

IntroductionThe data on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in solid-organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) in Croatia is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Croatian SOTRs.Materials and methodsFrom 7 September to 27 November 2020 (beginning of the second COVID-19 pandemic wave), a cross-sectional screening for COVID-19 was performed in the adult outpatient liver (LTRs; N = 280) and kidney transplant recipients (KTRs; N = 232). Serum samples were initially tested for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Vircell Microbiologists, Granada, Spain). All positive samples were confirmed using a virus neutralization test (VNT). Data on risk exposure and COVID-19 related symptoms were collected using a questionnaire.ResultsThe transplanted cohort’s seroprevalence detected by ELISA and VNT was 20.1% and 3.1%, respectively. Neutralizing (NT) antibodies developed in 15.6% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA IgG positive SOTRs. The difference in seropositivity rates between LTRs and KTRs was not statistically significant (ELISA 21.1% vs. 19.0%, P = 0.554; VNT 3.6% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.082). Overall VNT positivity rates were higher in patients who reported participation in large community events (5.9% vs. 1.0%; P = 0.027) as well as in patients who reported COVID-19 related symptoms in the past six months. In addition, symptomatic VNT positive patients showed significantly higher (P = 0.031) NT antibody titers (median 128, interquartile range (IQR) = 32-128) compared to asymptomatic patients (median 16, IQR = 16-48).ConclusionsThis study showed that 15.6% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA positive Croatian SOTRs developed NT antibodies indicating protective immunity. Further studies are needed to determine the dynamic of NT antibodies and COVID-19 immunity duration in immunocompromised populations such as LTRs and KTRs.  相似文献   

从十九大报告解读群众体育国策和体育强国内涵*     

纪惠芬 《广州体育学院学报》2019,(2):5-8

我国的体育行业发展仍然不充分和不平衡，距离体育强国的要求还有很长一段路要走，因此以十九大报告为契机重新解读体育强国思想内涵对建设体育强国建设具有重要的意义。采用文献资料法和理论分析法对不同时代的“体育强国”精神进行归纳，分析十九大报告内容，研究群众体育国策对体育强国梦：群众体育、体育产业、体育竞技、体育文化等的时代意义。十九大报告体育强国的内涵：加强体育强国与中国复兴梦的联系是顺应新时代的必然选择，群众体育国策是建立体育强国的核心内容，以发展群众体育为起点，带动体育产业不断的改革创新、以自强不息敢于拼搏的体育竞技精神为内核，逐步实现体育强国梦和中华民族伟大复兴梦。  相似文献   

Considerations for development and use of AI in response to COVID-19     

《International Journal of Information Management》2020

Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing a key supporting role in the fight against COVID-19 and perhaps will contribute to solutions quicker than we would otherwise achieve in many fields and applications. Since the outbreak of the pandemic, there has been an upsurge in the exploration and use of AI, and other data analytic tools, in a multitude of areas. This paper addresses some of the many considerations for managing the development and deployment of AI applications, including planning; unpredictable, unexpected, or biased results; repurposing; the importance of data; and diversity in AI team membership. We provide implications for research and for practice, according to each of the considerations. Finally we conclude that we need to plan and carefully consider the issues associated with the development and use of AI as we look for quick solutions.  相似文献   

Information technology solutions,challenges, and suggestions for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic     

《International Journal of Information Management》2021

Various technology innovations and applications have been developed to fight the coronavirus pandemic. The pandemic also has implications for the design, development, and use of technologies. There is an urgent need for a greater understanding of what roles information systems and technology researchers can play in this global pandemic. This paper examines emerging technologies used to mitigate the threats of COVID-19 and relevant challenges related to technology design, development, and use. It also provides insights and suggestions into how information systems and technology scholars can help fight the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper helps promote future research and technology development to produce better solutions for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic and future pandemics.  相似文献   

疫情期间不同传播渠道对公众“自我卷入”程度的影响     

欧继花  覃蔚  韦英 《传媒观察》2020,(5):17-24

实证表明新冠肺炎疫情下公众选择不同传播渠道产生的"自我卷入"程度不一:短视频、微博(或微信)、新闻类APP等移动新传播渠道给公众造成的恐惧感更为显著;电视(或广播)等传统渠道更能影响公众的应急反应,让公众主动采取防护措施,积极进行自我保护和积极应对;但公众在权威信息、疫情进展上对电视(或广播)等传统渠道的期望值更高。主流媒体应从把控信息源头、创新表达形式、布局好舆情监测机制、做好媒体议程设置等四个方面来提高自身公信力,提高公众对主流信息的"自我卷入"程度,以防范可能出现的"信息疫情",维护社会秩序健康稳定。  相似文献   

新冠肺炎疫情语境中多元媒介的微博话语表达     

孙少晶  王帆  刘志远  陶禹舟 《新闻大学》2020,(3):16-30,117

本文使用隐性主题分析、社会网络分析和多元对应分析等方法,通过对新冠肺炎疫情中活跃传统媒体账号微博的内容分析,考察其中与新冠肺炎相关的主题、相关报道话语随时间的变化,不同类型的媒介主体是否存在表达差异。结果显示,这些微博在内容上既呈现了宏观叙事,也包括了微观话语,随着时间的变化有着明显的阶段性差异,而且媒体之间有着鲜明的内容和风格差异性。本研究为深入研究传统媒体和社交媒体之间的复杂关系提供了参考。  相似文献   

体育专业基础理论课中融入十九大精神的探索     

陈三政 《当代体育科技》2020,(7):225-227

深入学习和贯彻十九大精神是当前重要的政治任务,是教育系统实现"立德树人"的重要工作。基于对《十九大报告全文》的学习与领悟,结合2个学期的体育专业基础理论课中融入十九大精神的实践探索。主要结论:应高度重视在课堂融入十九大精神的时代性与重要性;教师应密切关注国家大政方针,深入学习、全面领悟十九大精神;结合体育专业基础理论课堂特点,应把握时机,机动灵活融入十九大精神;师生互动,课内课外结合,学习并践行十九大精神;以十九大精神为指引,领悟其对体育专业基础理论的指导意义。  相似文献