全面建设小康社会的能源合理利用与CO2减排   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

郎一环  王礼茂  顾鹏 《资源科学》2004,26(6):118-124

与世界发达国家的比较,可以发现中国能源消费结构以煤为主,CO2排放总量大但人均量小,单位能耗的CO2排放指标偏高.21世纪头20年是中国全面建设小康社会的关键时期,在人口将继续增长、能耗规模继续增大、以煤为主的能源结构难以根本改变的情况下,如何实现CO2减排,是对中国的严峻挑战.借鉴发达国家的经验教训,该文提出优化产业结构,不断提高新技术产业和第三产业的比例;改善能源结构,提高水电、核能、太阳能及生物能等清洁能源比例;引进和开发能源环保技术,提高能源利用效率;以法律、政策和经济手段,促进能源合理利用和削减CO2的排放量的设想和对策.  相似文献   

江苏省1996年至2007年碳排放效应及时空格局分析   总被引：25，自引：5，他引：25  

张秀梅  李升峰  黄贤金  李颖 《资源科学》2010,32(4):768-775

本文通过对江苏省1996年-2007年碳排放效应分析得出:①江苏省近12年碳排放总量年均增长14%,2007年达到14370万t,碳排放增长过快问题突出;②提出了地均碳排放强度和地均建设用地碳排放强度两个新指标,并计算得出2007年全省地均碳排放强度和地均建设用地碳排放强度分别达到2.06t/hm2和84.32t/hm2:③2007年江苏全省碳排放量、地均碳排放强度和地均建设用地碳排放都呈现苏南>苏中>苏北的分布格局,13市地均碳排放强度差异显著,其排放强度总体与经济发展水平呈正相关;建设用地碳排放对总碳排放贡献最大是各地市共同之处;(④江苏省碳排放强度与人均GDP呈倒U型曲线关系,曲线的拐点在(2.0～2.1)万元/人附近;⑤能源消耗是碳排放的主体,建设用地是最主要的碳源,1996年-2007年全省虽然其碳排放总量呈上升趋势,但全省万元CDP碳排放强度从2004年开始逐年下降的,说明江苏全省碳减排已取得一定成效,但减排压力仍然巨大,减排工作任重道远.  相似文献   

The complex determinants of school intake characteristics and segregation,England 1989 to 2014     

Stephen Gorard 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2016,46(1):131-146

The extent of between-school segregation, or clustering of disadvantaged students within schools, in England varies depending on the indicator of interest. For example, the trend over time for segregation by student poverty differs from those for ethnicity or special educational need. Additionally the causes of the level of segregation for any indicator will be different from the causes of changes in that level over time. This new paper uses data for all state-funded schools in England from 1989 to 2014 to identify the possible determinants of segregation. The results are summarised for England and its economic regions, and presented in more detail for local authority areas. The long-term underlying level of segregation of each indicator appears to be the outcome of structural and local geographic factors. However, the annual changes in segregation for most indicators can be explained most simply by changes in the prevalence of each indicator. For example, the UK policy of inclusion has considerably increased the number of students with statements of special needs in mainstream schools, and this has resulted, intentionally, in less segregation in terms of this indicator. Segregation by poverty varies at least partly with the economic cycle. Some of the explanatory factors, such as the global economy or the prevalence of specific ethnic minority groups, are not directly under policy-makers’ control. This means that it is the more malleable factors leading to the underlying levels of poverty segregation that should be addressed by any state wanting a fair and mixed national school system. In England, these controllable factors include the use of proximity to decide contested places at schools, and school diversity as represented by the growth of Academies and Free Schools, and the continued existence of faith-based and selective schools.  相似文献   

碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极同时测定土壤中的铜和镉   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

肖亦  潘献晓  晋玉秀  蔡铎昌 《商丘师范学院学报》2006,22(2):121-124

报道了自制的碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极同时测定铜和镉的电分析方法.该方法为:在浓度0.10 mol/L的CH3COOH-CH3COONa(pH=4.5)缓冲溶液中,以此修饰电极为工作电极,在0.1 V/s的扫速下,用线性扫描伏安法进行测定.当铜和镉离子的浓度分别为8.0×10-7~1.2×10-5mol/L和5.0×10-7~2.5×10-5mol/L时,线性关系好,相关系数分别为0.9985和0.9993,加标回收率在95%~110%之间.用此电极同时测定土壤中的铜和镉,取得了满意的效果.  相似文献   

Occupational branding for diversity: managing discursive contradictions     

James McDonald  Timothy R. Kuhn 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2016,44(2):101-117

In line with recent efforts to increase the representation of women in the field of computing and information technology (I.T.), the National Center for Women and Information Technology has spearheaded an occupational branding campaign that seeks to encourage more women to enter this field. We use this campaign as a case study to investigate how representations of work in an occupational branding campaign (“official branding discourse”) compare with the ways in which practitioners represent this work (“unofficial branding discourse”). Through our analysis, we show that whereas the official branding discourse represents computing and I.T. as a field where women are valued, unofficial branding discourse represents this field as hostile to women. We then propose three avenues through which these contradictions can be managed: (1) acknowledging the challenges expressed by practitioners, while simultaneously discussing how to foster a more inclusive occupational culture, (2) changing the primary goal of the campaign from increasing the number of women in computing and I.T. to making the culture of computing and I.T. less hostile, and (3) committing fewer resources into organized branding campaigns and more resources into direct organizational interventions that seek to make work environments inclusive.  相似文献   

二氧化碳资源化研究进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王淑英  马淮凌 《安徽教育学院学报》2005,23(6):73-75

将丰富的二氧化碳资源有效的转化为有用的化工资源,对于化工原料以及环境保护等方面有重大的意义.主要综述了近年来国内专家、学者将CO2转化为各种化工产品的研究进展.  相似文献   

钛合金材料夹杂和偏析缺陷的实验表征     

常璐  夏金华  陈绍楷  白新房  田弋纬  苗壮 《西安文理学院学报》2011,14(1):57-59

钛合金应用广泛,针对钛合金熔炼过程中容易出现的缺陷进行试验.在TC4钛合金中取样进行金相低倍观察发现两种不同缺陷,初步确定为合金中的夹杂和偏析缺陷;进一步进行扫描电镜形貌高倍观察和能谱成分分析,确定缺陷为夹杂和偏析.  相似文献   

碳纳米管材料在水体处理中的应用     

杨智  索陇宁 《兰州石化职业技术学院学报》2011,11(3):9-12

碳纳米管是国内外广泛关注的一类碳材料,近年来逐渐成为水处理材料领域的一个研究热点。就碳纳米管在水处理领域研究进展进行综述,总结碳纳米管用于吸附水中无机污染物,有机污染物方面的研究成果,并介绍碳纳米管在杀菌方面的应用。  相似文献   

城市居民交通出行碳交易体系研究——以北京市为例     

崔铁宁  鲁婷 《科技管理研究》2015,(24)

基于北京市居民交通出行现状,立足可操作性思想设计城市居民交通出行碳交易体系。核定允许居民交通出行碳排放总量、建立居民交通碳账户、设定碳排放权分配和支付方式、构建碳交易市场并提出政策支撑和技术支持建议。最后分析碳交易体系对居民出行方式选择可能产生的影响。意义在于将交通出行碳排放外部性内部化,运用经济手段促进居民提升低碳的生活理念,缓解私家车出行比例大幅增长带来的交通拥堵和雾霾天气频发等严重问题。同时体现环境正义,规避摇号和限行政策难以保证居民购车和行车的公平、效率问题。  相似文献   

中国出口结构优化——基于碳排放的视角     

贺亚琴  冯中朝 《中国科技论坛》2015,(1)

本文从碳排放的角度,运用改进的SRIO模型计算2002、2007与2010年中国四类产品出口隐含碳,利用LMDI分解技术对2002—2007年和2007—2010年四类产品出口隐含碳排放驱动因素进行分解,并结合产品技术复杂度来综合分析中国出口产品结构变动情况。结果表明,出口重心向技术复杂度更高的人力资本密集型和资本技术密集型产品转移,出口产品呈高端化发展趋势;相对于自然资源密集型和非熟练劳动密集型产品,人力资本密集型和资本技术密集型产品的碳排放强度更高,但下降速率更快,出口产品总体呈低碳化发展趋势;人力资本密集型产品与非熟练劳动密集型产品加工贸易比重较大,"节省"了大量碳排放。  相似文献