Analyzing prospective teachers’ images of scientists using positive,negative and stereotypical images of scientists     

Karthigeyan Subramaniam  Pamela Esprívalo Harrell  David Wojnowski 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2013,31(1):66-89

Background and purpose : This study details the use of a conceptual framework to analyze prospective teachers’ images of scientists to reveal their context-specific conceptions of scientists. The conceptual framework consists of context-specific conceptions related to positive, stereotypical and negative images of scientists as detailed in the literature on the images, role and work of scientists.

Sample, design and method : One hundred and ninety-six drawings of scientists, generated by prospective teachers, were analyzed using the Draw-A-Scientist-Test Checklist (DAST-C), a binary linear regression and the conceptual framework.

Results : The results of the binary linear regression analysis revealed a statistically significant difference for two DAST-C elements: ethnicity differences with regard to drawing a scientist who was Caucasian and gender differences for indications of danger. Analysis using the conceptual framework helped to categorize the same drawings into positive, stereotypical, negative and composite images of a scientist.

Conclusions : The conceptual framework revealed that drawings were focused on the physical appearance of the scientist, and to a lesser extent on the equipment, location and science-related practices that provided the context of a scientist’s role and work. Implications for teacher educators include the need to understand that there is a need to provide tools, like the conceptual framework used in this study, to help prospective teachers to confront and engage with their multidimensional perspectives of scientists in light of the current trends on perceiving and valuing scientists. In addition, teacher educators need to use the conceptual framework, which yields qualitative perspectives about drawings, together with the DAST-C, which yields quantitative measure for drawings, to help prospective teachers to gain a holistic outlook on their drawings of scientists.  相似文献   

Methodical challenges concerning the Draw-A-Scientist Test: a critical view about the assessment and evaluation of learners’ conceptions of scientists     

Bianca Reinisch  Moritz Krell  Susann Hergert  Sarah Gogolin  Dirk Krüger 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(14):1952-1975

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建立"中国科学家在线"门户网站的构想   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李玲  郑建程 《现代图书情报技术》2003,(6):65-67,71

提出建立“中国科学家在线”门户网站的设想，对网站的目标和定位、功能、栏目设置、资源建设进行规划，并分行了开发该网站的现有基础和可行性，最后展望了该网站的前景。  相似文献   

Relationships of research and teaching: Implications for faculty evaluation     

Lawrence R. Jauch 《Research in higher education》1976,5(1):1-13

This paper reports on research involving 23 hard science disciplines at a mid-western university. The data show a strong belief that research and teaching are complementary. Despite this, when it comes to time allocation, tradeoffs are necessary between the two functions. More time devoted to teaching is often detrimental to production of research output. More time was spent in research by higher performing researchers because they are more interested in that activity and rewards are attached to it.Administratively, evaluations tend to influence the direction faculty choose to follow. If teaching is to be restored to status equal with research, then the evaluation system must be changed to account for time input, and significant rewards for teaching must be offered.  相似文献   

论自然科学家的认识的主体性思想     

高岸起 《伊犁师范学院学报》2005,(3):7-10

近一个世纪以来,自然科学的发展突飞猛进,取得了惊人的成就。与此同时自然科学家的认识的主体性思想,不仅是非常丰富的,而且是比较深刻的。自然科学家的认识的主体性思想,在认识的广度、深度、动态性和复杂性程度等方面,丰富、深化了马克思主义哲学关于认识的主体性的观点的内容,丰富和发展了马克思主义认识论的革命的能动的反映论。研究自然科学家的认识的主体性思想,不仅是辩证唯物主义的理论建设的需要,而且也是人类数千年来必然提出的课题。  相似文献   

北宋的科技奖励     

《信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2016,(1):128-133

北宋科技奖励形式多样,有降诏奖谕、迁秩升官、发放实物等。北宋科技奖励主要集中在应用性极强的领域,如医学、天文学、工程营建、武器制造等方面。北宋科技奖励的时代特征较为鲜明,如奖励领域有所扩展,奖励品类增多、比重有所变化,奖励领域与社会需求密切相关,缺乏评审机制、随机性较强等。  相似文献   

Heart of darkness: modeling public–private funding interactions inside the R&D black box     

Paul A. David  Bronwyn H. Hall   《Research Policy》2000,29(9):419

This paper is a first step toward closing the analytical gap in the extensive literature on the results of interactions between public and private R&D expenditures, and their joint effects on the economy. A survey focusing on econometric studies in this area reveals a plethora of sometimes confusing and frequently contradictory estimates of the response of company-financed R&D to changes in the level and nature of this category of public expenditures. Yet, a theoretical framework seldom is provided within which the empirical results are to be interpreted. Some such structure is necessary, in view of the multiple channels through which public research can affect private R&D performance, especially as not all the effects flow in the same direction. A major cause of “inconsistencies” in the empirical literature is the failure to recognize key differences among the various policy “experiments” being considered — depending upon the economy in which they are embedded, and the type of public sector R&D spending that is contemplated. Using a simple, stylized structural model, we identify the main channels of impact of public R&D. We thus can characterize the various effects, distinguishing between short- and long-run impacts that would show up in simple regression analyses of nominal public and private R&D expenditure variables. Within the context of our simple model it is possible to offer interpretations that shed light on recent cross-section and panel data findings at both high (i.e., national) and low (specific technology area) levels of aggregation.  相似文献   

科学家之间的互动与玻尔研究所的发展     

方华基  叶高翔 《科学学研究》2002,20(5):467-471

玻尔研究所何以如此快地从建立到成为当时国际物理学的三大中心之一 ,并创立了哥本哈根精神 ?本文从科学家之间的互动即协同和竞争 ,来分析研究所发展的原因。玻尔研究所发展的经验对我国的科学家之间交流与合作也有所启示。  相似文献   

论科技工作者的社会责任     

张功耀  陈三奇 《湖南城市学院学报》2002,23(5):46-49

当今大科学时代,高科技已渗透到社会各个领域,负面效应也表现得越来越突出,科学的价值不再中立.为此,科技工作者的社会责任日益提上日程.本文着重分析了科技工作者社会责任何以可能及其影响因素,提出了关于加强科技工作者社会责任的相应对策.  相似文献   

青海增强科技自主创新能力研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐建龙  詹红岩 《青海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2006,(6):1-5

“十五”期间,青海科技自主创新能力纵向比较,进步明显;横向比较,排位提高。为提高青海自主创新能力,建议采取更加注重发挥政策的作用,处理好自主创新和引进借鉴的关系,增强政府组织开展重大科技攻关项目研究的能力,改善科研课题发包程序,完善成果评审评奖体制,健全职称评审办法,统筹培养本地人才和引进外来人才工作,鼓励机关事业单位的科技人员下海经商、创办科技型企业,加快科技创新中介机构的建设,强化大型企业研发中心建设,加大支持科技型中小企业科技开发力度等措施。  相似文献