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11.
采用文献资料法、测试法、问卷调查法、数理统计法对哈尔滨体育学院11个不同运动专项男大学生跟骨超声骨量进行研究,为黑龙江省体育院校大学生科学运动训练提供骨密度方面的资料。结果显示：田径、游泳、羽毛球、网球专项大学生跟骨超声骨量STI值高于同性别青年组平均值,且与对照组相比差异显著（P〈0．05）;体操、篮球、乒乓球、排球、足球、跆拳道、柔道专项大学生跟骨超声骨量STI值低于同性别青年组平均值,与对照组相比差异不显著（P〉0．05）。得出不同运动专项、运动强度对我省体育院校男大学生跟骨超声骨量的影响不同。 相似文献
12.
It is clear that, despite their natural tendencies, children have become less physically active in recent decades, with children today expending approximately 600 kcal· day -1 less than their counterparts 50 years ago. Although the health consequences of a reduced energy expenditure in adults is well documented, there is little direct evidence linking sedentariness with health in children. However, three main benefits arising from adequate childhood physical activity have been postulated. The first is direct improvements in childhood health status; evidence is accumulating that more active children generally display healthier cardiovascular profiles, are leaner and develop higher peak bone masses than their less active counterparts. Secondly, there is a biological carryover effect into adulthood, whereby improved adult health status results from childhood physical activity. In particular, childhood obesity may be a precursor for a range of adverse health effects in adulthood, while higher bone masses in young people reduce the risk of osteoporosis in old age. Finally, there may be a behavioural carryover into adulthood, whereby active children are more likely to become more active (healthy) adults. However, supporting evidence for this assertion is weak. Given this background, recent health guidelines suggesting that children should accumulate 60 min of moderate-intensity physical activity every day - supplemented by regular activities that promote strength flexibility and bone strength - appear to be justified. Future developments should include the implementation of large-scale, longitudinal studies spanning childhood and young adulthood, the further refinement of tools for measuring physical activity accurately in young people, and research into the relative strength of association between fitness - as well as activity - and health in children. 相似文献
13.
C. Dorado J. Sanchis Moysi G. Vicente J.A. Serrano L.P. Rodriguez J.A.L. Calbet 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):591-597
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of long-term professional golf participation on whole-body and regional bone mass and density. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed on 15 male professional golfers and 18 sedentary individuals, matched for sex, race, age (29 ± and 25 ± 1 years, respectively), body mass (79 ± 2 and 74 ± 2 kg), height (1.78 ± 0.01 and 1.77 ± 0.02 m) and percent body fat (20 ± 2 and 21 ± 2%; mean ± s χ). We found that long-term professional golf participation is not associated with significant increments in regional or whole-body bone mass or density. Neither the lumbar spine nor the femoral neck showed any noticeable enhancement of bone mass in professional golfers compared with controls from the same population. The only effect of professional golf participation on regional body composition was a 9% increase in muscle mass in the dominant arm (P ? 0.05). 相似文献
14.
采用文献资料法、测试法、数理统计法对黑龙江省青年男子短道速滑运动员体成分及跟骨超声参数的特点及相关性进行研究,为其科学运动训练提供有关体成分及骨代谢方面的资料。结果显示：短道速滑运动员体重、体脂率和瘦体重与普通大学生相比差异显著,与体育类大学生相比差异不显著;短道速滑运动员跟骨超声参数T值显著低于普通大学生和体育类大学生;Pearson相关分析和多元线性回归分析得出身高、体重、身体质量指数、瘦体重与T值呈显著相关,瘦体重是决定跟骨超声参数的主要因素。得出长期高强度的运动训练对黑龙江省青年男子短道速滑运动员跟骨超声参数产生了不良的影响,维持和增加瘦体重及制定适宜的运动训练方案,对促进黑龙江省青年男子短道速滑运动员骨健康,提高运动员的运动能力,防治运动性损伤是有益的。 相似文献
15.
Sarita N. Chavan Umesh More Shruti Mulgund Vishal Saxena Alka N. Sontakke 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(2):101-105
Osteoporosis encompasses a wide spectrum of conditions associated with imbalance of osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities.
The increased activity of osteoclasts leads to increased free radical formation and hence lipid peroxidation. Present study
probes into the role of antioxidants as a palliative treatment for osteoporosis. It involved 50 healthy controls and 75 clinically
diagnosed osteoporosis patients. Both the groups underwent baseline assessment of biochemical markers viz. osteoblastic markers:
serum Alkaline phosphatase. Free or ionic calcium and Inorganic phosphorus, osteoclastic markers: serum Tartarate resistant
acid phosphatase and Malondialdehyde and the antioxidant status: serum Superoxide dismutase and Erythrocyte reduced glutathione.
The osteoporotic group was then divided into groups A (Vitamin E-Evinal 400 mg), B (Vitamin C-Celin 500 mg), C (Vitamin E+C-Evinal+Celin)
for antioxidant supplementation for a period of 90 days. The results reveal that there is significant fall in concentration
of serum MDA (p<0.001), TrACP (p<0.01). Improvement in antioxidant status is reflected by significant rise in concentration
of serum SOD (p<0.001) and erythrocyte GSH (p<0.001) after 90 days of antioxidant supplementation in osteoporosis. The findings
indicate that on the whole bone status improved with prolonged antioxidant vitamin supplementation, which can be used as a
palliative treatment for osteoporosis. The efficacy is not affected whether the vitamins are administered singly or conjointly. 相似文献
16.
目的：探讨链脲霉素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病对大鼠骨代谢的影响及机制。材料与方法：雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成3组: 正常组（n = 6）,糖尿病组（n = 5）和胰岛素治疗糖尿病组 (n = 5)。大鼠尾静脉一次性注射STZ（50 mg/kg 体重）,选择空腹12 h血糖大于12 mmol/L的大鼠为本实验所需的糖尿病模型。治疗组大鼠每天在同一时间给予1.8－2.2U的胰岛素。实验周期为持续32天。采用双能X线骨吸收法（DEXA）测定股骨密度,ELISA法测定血清雄性激素睾酮水平,生化分析仪测定血清碱性磷酸酶、钙、磷浓度。结果：糖尿病大鼠的股骨密度和血清睾酮均显著低于正常组（P < 0.01）,血清总碱性磷酸酶明显高于正常组和胰岛素治疗组（P < 0.01）。三组之间血钙和血磷的水平无明显差异。胰岛素治疗后糖尿病大鼠的骨密度、血清睾酮与总碱性磷酸酶得到明显的改善。结论：糖尿病严重影响骨密度,胰岛素缺乏及雄性激素降低是导致糖尿病性骨质疏松重要原因。胰岛素治疗能预防骨流失和提高血清睾酮浓度。 相似文献
17.
目的：探讨单侧经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性压缩骨折的临床效果与安全性。方法：将患者取俯卧位,悬空胸腹部,行C臂下定位病椎,并标记出病椎的椎弓根体表投影,常规消毒、铺巾,1％利多卡因局麻下以标记的椎弓根投影（左侧）10点外3mm处为进针点,针轴与患者矢状面呈30°～45°,侧位上与椎弓根走向保持平行,在透视下向椎弓根穿刺,穿刺达椎体前方3／4时,植入可扩张球囊,通过扩张球囊抬升终板,注人骨水泥填充,术后随访3个月。结果：手术时间平均每个椎体40min,无穿刺失败和损害神经情况,1例2月后临近椎体出现骨折。患者术后平均1d下床活动,术后疼痛得到明显缓解,后凸畸形得到明显纠正,Cobb’s角减小,住院时间平均7．8d,远期疼痛无复发。结论：单侧经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折具有操作简单、手术时间短、患者及医师辐射少、创伤小、止痛效果好、纠正脊柱后凸畸形、住院时间短、远期疗效好的优点,且手术并发症少,相对安全可靠,为椎体成形技术提供了一种思路。 相似文献
18.
近年来，中老年妇女骨质疏松症的发生率呈一种升高趋势，许多运动医学界的专家从运动、锻炼方式对绝经后中老年妇女骨质疏松症的治疗和改善进行了深入研究，认为长期从事适宜强度的有氧运动可有效的治疗骨质疏松症。本文采用文献资料法，从生物学角度综述了骨质疏松症的发生机制，以及参与有氧运动对中老年妇女骨质疏松的影响。 相似文献
19.
骨质疏松症运动疗法的研究现状与展望 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
本文在整理和分析近十年来中外文献基础上,运用二次文献分析法,重点对骨质疏松症的形成机制、体育运动防治骨质疏松症的一般性机理、运动对骨的影响、骨质疏松运动疗法等问题进行了综述研究。 相似文献
20.
文章分析探讨早期运动疗法对脑出血患者的治疗作用,结果显示:运动疗法对脑出血患者的瘫痪肢体肌力的恢复具有明显的作用,对脑出血患者的运动功能及ADL能力有显著提高。早期运动疗法是提高患者肌力、运动能力、ADL能力、降低致残率、提高生活质量的较好的治疗方法。 相似文献