In defence of white privilege: physical education teachers’ understandings of their work in culturally diverse schools     

D. Barker 《Sport, Education and Society》2019,24(2):134-146

Research suggests that physical education (PE) in Western countries is not providing equitable experiences for non-white students. Responsibility for shortcomings has often been ascribed to white PE teachers. Scholars have claimed that teachers lack cultural competence and know little about how physical cultures or health are understood by the young people with whom they work. The objective of this investigation was to investigate this claim and generate an understanding of how white PE teachers in a culturally diverse high school make sense of their work with non-white students. Data with three Swedish teachers of varying experience were produced using semi-structured interviewing. A series of school visits provided a complementary line of data. Four themes emerged from the data. These related to: (1) differences between white and non-white values; (2) the knowledge and dispositions necessary for success in PE; (3) the broad purpose of PE, and; (4) the differences between boys’ and girls’ experiences of PE. Data were interpreted using a Critical Race Theory (CRT) perspective, with the notion of ‘whiteness’ providing a specific analytic concept. The general thesis developed in the second part of the paper is that problems result not from insensitivity or incompetence but from discourses of whiteness in which many teachers live and work. By building on critical research both in general education and physical education literature and by utilizing whiteness as an analytical concept, the investigation shows how three PE teachers draw extensively on the racial discourse of whiteness and how this disadvantages non-white students. The paper is concluded with a consideration of how racial disadvantage could be challenged or disrupted.  相似文献   

Influence of upright versus time trial cycling position on determination of critical power and W′ in trained cyclists     

Mehdi Kordi  Chris Fullerton  Louis Passfield  Len Parker Simpson 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(2):192-198

Body position is known to alter power production and affect cycling performance. The aim of this study was to compare mechanical power output in two riding positions, and to calculate the effects on critical power (CP) and W′ estimates. Seven trained cyclists completed three peak power output efforts and three fixed-duration trial (3-, 5- and 12-min) riding with their hands on the brake lever hoods (BLH), or in a time trial position (TTP). A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that mean power output during the 5-min trial was significantly different between BLH and TTP positions, resulting in a significantly lower estimate of CP, but not W′, for the TTP trial. In addition, TTP decreased the performance during each trial and increased the percentage difference between BLH and TTP with greater trial duration. There were no differences in pedal cadence or heart rate during the 3-min trial; however, TTP results for the 12-min trial showed a significant fall in pedal cadence and a significant rise in heart rate. The findings suggest that cycling position affects power output and influences consequent CP values. Therefore, cyclists and coaches should consider the cycling position used when calculating CP.  相似文献   

Impacts of equity structure on audit fees: Evidence from Chinese A-share listed companies in Shanghai Stock Exchange     

LI Zhou  SONG Li-hua 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2015,14(4):155-163

Based on the data of 923 Chinese listed companies in 2013 to 2014, we investigated the impact of company equity structure on audit fees from the perspective of cross section and period duration. It is found that there is a positive correlation between the proportion of state-owned shares in listed companies and audit fees. To be more specific, there is a U-shaped relation between audit fees and equity concentration which is represented by the proportion of the largest shareholder. And the equity restriction ratio, represented by the sum of the proportion of the second largest shareholder to the tenth, has a positive effect on audit fees.  相似文献   

股权集中度、经理人激励与技术创新选择          下载免费PDF全文

杨慧军  杨建君 《科研管理》2015,36(4):48-55

基于委托代理理论及技术创新理论,探讨股权集中度对企业技术创新选择的影响。以182家制造企业及高新技术企业数据为样本,利用因子分析及结构方程模型对相关假设进行检验。结果表明:(1)经理人激励在股权集中度和技术创新之间具有中介效应;(2)股权集中度和经理人短期薪酬激励呈负相关,和经理人长期薪酬激励呈正相关;(3)短期薪酬激励不利于突变创新,长期薪酬激励有利于突变创新和渐进创新。  相似文献   

客户集中度、关键客户议价力与中小企业绩效--基于中小企业板制造业上市公司的实证研究     

田志龙  刘昌华 《预测》2015,(4)

基于交易费用理论与资源依赖理论,本文利用中国深圳证券市场中小企业板上市的制造业企业的数据,采用多元回归的方法研究客户集中度对中小企业绩效的影响。结果表明,中小企业客户集中度对企业绩效有显著正向作用;关键客户议价力在客户集中度与企业绩效间的关系中具有部分中介效应;企业产品类别在客户集中度与企业绩效的关系中具有调节效应：工业品制造企业的客户集中度对企业绩效具有显著的正向影响,但这种影响在消费品制造企业中并不显著存在。研究结果对中小企业的市场发展具有指导意义。  相似文献   

华北山前平原农田关键带观测研究平台（栾城关键带观测平台）     

沈彦俊  闵雷雷  吴林  沈彦军  李红军  张广录 《中国科学院院刊》2021,36(4):502-511

中国科学院栾城农业生态系统试验站(以下简称"栾城站")位于华北太行山前冲洪积平原的中段,是地下水灌区高产农业生态类型的典型代表。由于近几十年来大规模、高强度的农业生产,区域地下水超采严重,地下水污染风险加剧。然而,人类活动影响下的地表生态系统与地下含水层被厚包气带隔开,地表农业生产活动对地下水水量和水质的影响机理尚不明确。目前,开展贯穿整个包气带的原位监测试验,是揭示这一过程机理的唯一途径。因此,建立大型农田关键带观测平台,是开展农业与地下水关系研究的重要需求。在中国科学院野外站网络重点科技基础设施建设项目的支持下,栾城站建设的"栾城关键带观测平台",通过对作物根系层—深层包气带—饱和带的土壤水、热、溶质等关键要素和变量的监测,可开展水分、溶质和污染物在厚包气带内的运移、转化规律研究,揭示饱和—非饱和过渡带水文过程及其与地下水补给关系,阐明农田生产活动的水肥迁移、转化及其对地下水量质变化的影响机制,为回答地表过程对地下水量质演化影响机理提供实验平台支持。  相似文献   

家庭型酸奶工艺的探究     

马超颖  石洪凌  姜海君 《唐山师范学院学报》2009,31(5):55-57

讨论了家庭型酸奶制备的基本工艺条件,分析了接种量、加糖量和发酵温度等发酵条件对酸奶质量的影响,同时对发酵剂的选择、连续转接后发酵剂的发酵力变化、连续转接酸奶的质量等问题作了研究。结果表明：家庭型酸奶制备时的发酵条件以接种量为7％、加糖量为5％为宜;室温达30℃左右即可满足家庭条件下酸奶发酵成功所需的温度;尽管连续转接后发酵剂的发酵力并没有明显降低的趋势,但连续转接酸奶的质量却有所下降。  相似文献   

从批评话语分析角度看大学英语教师话语权     

张心翠 《培训与研究》2008,25(1):104-107

作为批评话语分析的代表人物福柯认为教室是最好的权力运作场所,所以教师话语也是批评话语分析关心的主题之一。因此本文的目的就在于用批评性话语分析的视角来细致分析大学英语课堂话语,试图揭示隐藏在教师话语中的权力关系,并希望能使人意识到语言是如何帮助教师获取这种主宰地位的。同时本文提倡教师应该在极度权力和完全无权力之间找到一个平衡点,从而真正有效地促进语言学习。  相似文献   

Accessions: researching,designing higher education     

Yvette Taylor 《Gender and education》2011,23(6):777-782

This brief viewpoint piece depicts educational (dis)engagements apparent in researching and (re)designing higher education in and through Accessions. Accessions, a collaborative research-design project, probed at how cultures, climates and conditions of higher education may be reproducing or reshaping social inequalities and divisions. Here, questions are asked about how these might be challenged within and potentially beyond the specific locale of one university campus. This research-design project hopes to enable a critical perspective on issues of ‘participation’, ‘impact’, ‘engagement’ and ‘internationalisation’, where regulations and measures may be resisted and disrupted.  相似文献   

基于E-G指数的我国制造业产业集聚度测算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张文君 《安阳工学院学报》2012,11(3):35-38

对国内外成熟的产业集聚度测算方法进行比较,然后基于测算方法的科学性,选择EG指数测算方法对我国制造业二十个大类的产业集聚度进行测算。结果发现,我国的制造业产业集聚程度中等偏低,且呈现出很明显的行业特征。因此,现阶段为了提高我国制造业的产业集聚程度,必须进行产业政策的大力扶持。  相似文献