第三人侵权造成工伤事故赔偿研究     

伍年华 《广东广播电视大学学报》2011,20(5):60-64

在工伤保险与民事赔偿这样不同的赔偿制度之间,目前国内外主要有选择模式、取代模式、兼得模式和补充模式四种基本模式,并在不同的时期发挥着不同的作用。随着社会的发展和法治进程的不断深入,应使受害职工能够及时、充分和公平地得到救济,同时让侵权人承担相应的法律责任,从而彰显法治精神的正义。  相似文献   

Rapid phenotypic evolution with shallow genomic differentiation during early stages of high elevation adaptation in Eurasian Tree Sparrows     

Yanhua Qu  Chunhai Chen  Ying Xiong  Huishang She  Yong E Zhang  Yalin Cheng  Shane DuBay  Dongming Li  Per G P Ericson  Yan Hao  Hongyuan Wang  Hongfeng Zhao  Gang Song  Hailin Zhang  Ting Yang  Chi Zhang  Liping Liang  Tianyu Wu  Jinyang Zhao  Qiang Gao  Weiwei Zhai  Fumin Lei 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(1):113

Known as the ‘third polar region’, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents one of the harshest highland environments in the world and yet a number of organisms thrive there. Previous studies of birds, animals and humans have focused on well-differentiated populations in later stages of phenotypic divergence. The adaptive processes during the initial phase of highland adaptation remain poorly understood. We studied a human commensal, the Eurasian Tree Sparrow, which has followed human agriculture to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Despite strong phenotypic differentiation at multiple levels, in particular in muscle-related phenotypes, highland and lowland populations show shallow genomic divergence and the colonization event occurred within the past few thousand years. In a one-month acclimation experiment investigating phenotypic plasticity, we exposed adult lowland tree sparrows to a hypoxic environment and did not observe muscle changes. Through population genetic analyses, we identified a signature of polygenic adaptation, whereby shifts in allele frequencies are spread across multiple loci, many of which are associated with muscle-related processes. Our results reveal a case of positive selection in which polygenic adaptation appears to drive rapid phenotypic evolution, shedding light on early stages of adaptive evolution to a novel environment.  相似文献   

Misconceptions about traumatic brain injury among students preparing to be special education professionals     

Karen Hux  Erin Bush  Kelli Evans  Gina Simanek 《Support for Learning》2013,28(3):109-114

The researchers performed a survey study to determine the effectiveness of collegiate programmes in dispelling common misconceptions about traumatic brain injury (TBI) while preparing undergraduate and graduate students for special education (SpEd) careers. Respondents included 136 undergraduate and 147 graduate SpEd students in their final semesters before obtaining degrees. Each completed an 18‐item true/false survey about TBI and the associated recovery process. Results were compared with survey responses from 318 lay public respondents who participated in a previous study. Two major findings emerged: (a) no significant differences existed in misconception endorsement between SpEd students completing Bachelor's versus Master's degrees; and (b) graduating students in SpEd teacher preparation programmes endorsed similar misconceptions as lay public respondents; hence, these programmes do not appear effective in dispelling common TBI misconceptions. Improving academic preparation for special educators regarding TBI is imperative for effectively identifying, assessing and serving student survivors.  相似文献   

投掷运动员体成分的调查分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吕新颖 《北京体育大学学报》1999,(3)

通过对受试者体成分皮褶厚度的测定,并对其派生指标的比较发现：投掷选手皮脂较厚,其中重器械投掷选手达到肥胖标准。分析认为,这是由于其肌肉体积逐渐增大的同时,总伴随着皮下脂肪逐渐堆积的结果。肥胖不仅影响运动的效果,对身体健康也不利。建议投掷选手在促使肌肉体积增大的同时应积极采取消除脂肪的措施。  相似文献   

跨栏技术的运动解剖学分析     

潘春梅  金丽颖 《山西师大体育学院学报》1995,(1)

跨栏运动员在提高短跑速度的同时,如何改进跨栏技术?本文针对摆动腿、起跨腿、摆臂三方面的问题,从运动解剖学角度进行分析,提出加强后蹬肌群、肩带肌群和盆带肌群在力量、柔韧性和灵活性等方面的训练,从而提高全身动作的协调性,促进跨栏技术的提高。  相似文献   

《学生伤害事故处理办法》存在的问题分析   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

陈博 《体育学刊》2004,11(3):9-13

从我国现行法律法规角度出发,结合学校教育中学生伤害事故的具体情况,分析探讨了教育部《学生伤害事故处理办法》存在的几个问题。《学生伤害事故处理办法》部分条款条文的规定已超越其权限范围、不合理地规避公平责任和需进一步细化具体内容。建议：通过国家立法完善学生伤害事故处理的规范。  相似文献   

Impact absorption of tennis shoe-surface combinations     

S.?J.?DixonEmail author  V.?H.?Stiles 《Sports Engineering》2003,6(1):1-9

The aim of this study was to investigate, for typical shoes and surfaces used in tennis, the relative role of the shoe and surface in providing cushioning during running. Five test surfaces ranging from concrete to artificial turf were selected, together with two shoe models. Impact absorbing ability was assessed mechanically using drop test procedures and biomechanically using peak magnitude and rate of loading of impact force and peak in-shoe pressure data at the lateral heel. Differences in biomechanical variables between shoe-surface combinations were identified using a two-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Mechanical test results were found to rank the surfaces in the same order regardless of the shoe model, suggesting that the surface is influential in providing cushioning. However, for all mechanical and biomechanical (p < 0.05) variables representing impact absorbing ability, it was found that the difference between shoes was markedly greater than the differences between surfaces. The peak heel pressure data were found to rank the surfaces in the same order as the mechanical tests, while impact force data were not as sensitive to the changes in surface. Correlations between mechanical and biomechanical impact absorption highlighted the importance of testing the shoe-surface combination in mechanical tests, rather than the surface alone. In conclusion, mechanical testing of the shoe-surface combination was found to provide a strong predictor of the impact absorbing ability during running if pressure data were used. In addition, for typical shoe-surface combinations in tennis, the shoe was found to have more potential than the surface to influence impact loading during running. Finally, in-shoe pressure data were found to be more sensitive than force plate data to changes in material cushioning.  相似文献   

国产气垫夹板治疗踝关节损伤的临床观察     

李国平  李旭坤  贾林 《体育科学》1998,18(6):64-68

运用国产气垫夹板对37例急性踝关节损伤进行了治疗效果的观察和分析。结果证实:国产气垫夹板对踝关节扭伤后所致的韧带损伤和稳定性骨折均有明显的治疗作用;踝关节气垫夹板固定时间相对较短,韧带拉伤平均18天,稳定性骨折平均31天;国产气垫夹板限制踝关节内翻和外翻,但不影响踝关节的背伸和跖屈运动,患者可进行早期关节活动。  相似文献   

停训和减量训练对骨骼肌的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周思红  周里 《西安体育学院学报》1998,(4)

笔者着重从运动员停训和减量训练而导致对骨骼肌的影响进行综述,从而使体育科研工作者利用停训和减量训练理论,去科学地进行指导训练和比赛。  相似文献   

不同方式的力量练习对血尿某些生化指标的影响     

张蕴琨  蒋晓玲 《体育与科学》1998,19(4):39-41

本文观察了两种不同方式的力量练习对血清CK、Mb和尿3-MH水平及肌肉酸痛的影响。结果显示：第二次练习的负荷递增方式为“阶梯式”,其练习后血清CK、Mb水平和尿3－MH排泄量的升高幅度明显低于第一次“斜坡式”练习后,且恢复较快,肌肉酸痛程度也有所降低。提示：适宜的训练方式可能减轻由于高强度力量训练引起的骨骼肌纤维损伤。  相似文献