Effect of high-intensity interval training in adolescents with asthma: The eXercise for Asthma with Commando Joe's® (X4ACJ) trial     

Charles O.N. Winn  Kelly A. Mackintosh  William T.B. Eddolls  Gareth Stratton  Andrew M. Wilson  Melitta A. McNarry  Gwyneth A. Davies 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(4):488

BackgroundHigher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with reduced asthma severity and increased quality of life in those with asthma. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-month high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention in adolescents with and without asthma.MethodsA total of 616 adolescents (334 boys; 13.0 ± 1.1 years, 1.57 ± 0.10 m, 52.6 ± 12.9 kg, mean ± SD), including 155 with asthma (78 boys), were recruited as part of a randomized controlled trial from 5 schools (4 control and 1 intervention). The 221 intervention participants (116 boys; 47 asthma) completed 6 months of school-based HIIT (30 min, 3 times per week, 10–30 s bouts at >90% age-predicted maximum heart rate with equal rest). At baseline, mid-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up, measurements for 20-m shuttle run, body mass index (BMI), lung function, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire, and Asthma Control Questionnaire were collected. Additionally, 69 adolescents (39 boys (of the 36 with asthma there were 21 boys)) also completed an incremental ramp test. For analysis, each group''s data (intervention and control) were divided into those with and without asthma.ResultsParticipants with asthma did not differ from their peers in any parameter of aerobic fitness, at any time-point, but were characterized by a greater BMI. The intervention elicited a significant improvement in maximal aerobic fitness but no change in sub-maximal parameters of aerobic fitness, lung function, or quality of life irrespective of asthma status. Those in the intervention group maintained their BMI, whereas BMI significantly increased in the control group throughout the 6-month period.ConclusionHIIT represents an effective tool for improving aerobic fitness and maintaining BMI in adolescents, irrespective of asthma status. HIIT was well-tolerated by those with asthma, who evidenced a similar aerobic fitness to their healthy peers and responded equally well to a HIIT program.  相似文献   

我国数学学习困难儿童的教育与干预研究回顾与展望     

刘翠娜 《乐山师范学院学报》2013,(12):111-115

近年来,我国对数学学习困难儿童的表现、诊断、认知特点等有了较多的研究,这为数学学习困难儿童的干预策略提供了基础。通过对我国数学学习困难儿童的教育干预研究进行综述,发现主要有知觉加工干预策略、工作记忆干预策略、问题表征干预策略和元记忆干预策略,并在借鉴国外数学学习困难研究的基础上,对我国未来数学学习困难的研究提供若干建议。  相似文献   

Ethnographic Facilitation as a Complementary Methodology for Conducting Applied Communication Scholarship     

Ryan T. Hartwig 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(1):60-84

This essay presents a methodological approach, ethnographic facilitation (EF), through which applied communication scholars (1) employ ethnographic practices to develop a rich, nuanced understanding of communication within and constitutive of groups, organizations, and/or communities; (2) intervene into communicative practices using group facilitation processes to promote change or development for the group, organization, community, and/or its members; and (3) report their findings to scholarly and relevant practitioner communities. The essay explains how EF draws on, yet differs from, and extends related methodological approaches, such as ethnography, critical ethnography, discourse tracing, and participatory action research, and integrates traditional facilitation practices with ethnography. Implications of the methodology are discussed regarding site selection, researcher conduct and relationships, techniques used to describe and facilitate communication, facilitation assessment, and dissemination of research findings. To illustrate the principles that inform this methodology, examples are included from a case study conducted with a church leadership team.  相似文献   

发表于《循证医学》的干预类系统评价／Meta分析的方法学质量分析     

石新彤  葛龙  安妮  周为文  徐俊峰  马继春  田金徽 《中华医学图书馆杂志》2013,(12):50-54

目的：评价发表在《循证医学》期刊上的干预类系统评价／Meta分析（SR／MA）的方法学质量。方法：手工检索《循证医学》杂志2001-2011年发表的所有干预类系统评价／Meta分析文献,共纳入70篇,提取文献的基本信息,采用AMSTAR量表评价文献的方法学质量,将数据输入Excel,用SPSS17．0和MetaAnalyst软件进行统计分析。结果：质量评价标准以Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具为主（34篇,48．6％）,AMSTAR的发布、基金资助、作者数量、作者单位性质和数量,对纳入系统评价／Meta分析的方法学质量总评分影响不大,差并不具统计学意义。结论：《循证医学》杂志发表的干预类系统评价／Meta分析方法学质量中等,存在前期研究设计方案缺失、检索策略不够完善、未提供排除文献列表和未交待利益冲突等问题。  相似文献   

Instructional Feedback II: How Do Instructor Immediacy Cues and Facework Tactics Interact to Predict Student Motivation and Fairness Perceptions?     

Jeff Kerssen-Griep  Paul L. Witt 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):498-517

During feedback interventions (FIs), instructors may feel torn between directing students’ learning or maintaining productive rapport with them. Existing research suggests how instructional communication can achieve both outcomes. This study examined how students’ motivation to learn and perceptions of fairness were enhanced or eroded via particular instructional behaviors. Actual face-threat mitigation (FTM) tactics and teacher nonverbal immediacy (TNI) cues were manipulated in differing combinations to manage an FI situation, with varying effects on the outcome variables. Multivariate analysis detected main effects and a significant interaction effect between FTM and TNI regarding students’ motivation to learn, but main effects only for their perceptions of interactional fairness. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are discussed in light of self-determination, facework, approach-avoidance, and feedback intervention theories.  相似文献   

The impact of screening and advice on inattentive,hyperactive and impulsive children     

Peter Tymms  Christine Merrell 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2013,28(3):321-337

ABSTRACT

This short report is about the experiences, views and perspectives of eight parents whose children experience difficulties in learning or have disabilities. These parents have been involved in or innovated parent groups around England. Their views are presented in the light of education policy which relates to school choice and to children and young people with statements of their ‘special educational needs’. These parents’ perspectives on integration emerged as one of the main themes from the interview data  相似文献   

Pupil and staff perceptions of bullying in secondary schools: comparing behavioural definitions and their perceived seriousness     

Christina Salmivalli 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(3):263-278

Effects of a peer-led intervention campaign against school bullying, carried out by eight peer counsellors, were studied in an upper-level comprehensive school in southern Finland. The study was conducted in the seventh and eighth grades, the total number of participating classes being 12 and the total number of participants 196 (89 girls and 107 boys). The core of the intervention campaign was a one-week period during which a series of events and activities were organized at the school and in each individual class. In all parts of the campaign, the peer counsellors emphasized each individual's responsibility, as well as their potential to affect whether or not bullying occurs in their school or class. The results showed that the campaign was especially effective among girls. This was most clearly shown by decreases in both self- and peer-reported bullying, as well as an increase in 'power attitudes', i.e. attitude items reflecting the students' self-perceived potential and willingness to influence bullying problems in their class. Among boys, on the other hand, there was a slight decrease in self-reported bullying, not confirmed by peer reports and, unfortunately, there was an increase in pro-bullying attitudes, such as 'bullying might be fun sometimes'. Evaluating the campaign, girls also perceived it as more beneficial and more effective than boys did. Most students who reported being bullied before the intervention were satisfied with the campaign and thought it was helpful.  相似文献   

教师介入幼儿同伴冲突策略及其影响因素的研究进展     

秦洪蕾 《四川教育学院学报》2013,(10):122-124

同伴冲突对幼儿个性和社会性的发展有着重要的意义.在幼儿同伴冲突的解决中,教师介入策略的选择是一个重要的影响因素.以往有关教师介入策略的研究主要集中在内容、分类、影响因素等方面.在综述相关研究的基础之上,还对教师介入幼儿同伴冲突策略的研究方法作了回顾,并指出未来研究的方向.  相似文献   

接纳承诺疗法教学对体育院校大学生心理健康的影响          下载免费PDF全文

徐守森  李佳新  樊雯  张菁 《体育科研》2018,(3):92-98,104

目的：探讨心理健康教育课程常规教学和接纳承诺疗法教学对大学生情绪健康和正念特质的影响,并比较两者的效果差异。方法：以体育院校219名大学生为被试,采用分组前测、后测实验设计,分别施加两种教学,测量流调中心用抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、接纳与行动问卷和正念五因素问卷。结果：常规教学可以降低焦虑水平,显著降低经验回避水平;接纳承诺疗法教学可以显著降低抑郁和焦虑水平,显著降低经验回避水平,显著提高正念特质。两种干预方法相比较,接纳承诺疗法教学对抑郁、焦虑情绪的改善程度效果更明显。结论：综合比较,接纳承诺疗法教学效果更好,可以作为大学生心理健康教育的备选教学模式。  相似文献   

The recognition of child abuse and the perceived need for intervention by school personnel of primary schools: Results of a vignette study on the influence of case,school personnel,and school characteristics     

《Child abuse & neglect》2018

In 2015, 523 reports of suspected child abuse and neglect (CAN) were brought to the attention of the Confidential Center of Child Abuse and Neglect (CCCAN) of Brussels. Around 38% of these reports came from school personnel. This study investigated which factors affect the recognition of CAN by school personnel of Dutch-speaking primary education in Brussels and their intervention need. Two hundred seventy-nine staff members of 16 schools professionally working with children, filled in a Questionnaire Assessment of Situations of CAN. The instrument consists of 24 vignettes describing CAN. Respondents were asked questions regarding recognition and intervention need about each vignette. Detection, severity assessment, the need for professional help, the need for referral to a CCCAN and the need to involve judicial authorities were mainly associated with case characteristics. Although most situations of CAN were detected, situations of emotional abuse were less often recognized. Situations involving non-Western victims were considered to be more severe and the perceived need for involvement of professional help, CCCAN and judicial authorities was larger. Ethnic stereotypes affect the actions undertaken in case of CAN. Awareness of these reactions may result in equal treatment for all victims. Staff characteristics were little associated with detection and intervention need.  相似文献