对B类题库建设中若干问题的思考     

高升 《中国考试》2008,(2):34-37

所谓B类题库,是指多套已组好的平行试卷的集合,其实质是"卷库",且试卷中的题目一般不标明属性和参数。在A类题库之外建设B类题库有其必要性。它不仅建设周期短、发挥攻效快、建设成本少,而且在难度控制、考试安全等方面也具有一定优势。同时,B类题库可以为最终建成A类库奠定良好的基础。B类题库可以有"试卷库"、"模块库"等多种形式,而模块则可根据需要以多种方法进行拆分。当然,B类题库也存在一些缺陷和问题,比如试卷等值、题目查(?)、试题更新等。为有效解决这些问题,我们已经研究出一些办法,并且还将继续进行探索,使B类题库在考试命题工作中发挥更大的效益和作用。  相似文献   

Development of a scale on learners' views on blended learning and its implementation process     

Buket Akkoyunlu  Meryem Y&#x;lmaz-Soylu 《The Internet and Higher Education》2008,11(1):26-32

The purpose of this study was to extend the evaluation of learners' views on blended learning and its implementation process by developing and validating an objective assessment instrument. Cronbach' alpha, item analysis and item discrimination indices, principal component analysis, varimax rotation, and discriminant validity were used to measure the reliability and validity of the scale. A 50-item refined version of the scale was found to be highly reliable and of reasonable length.Further refinement was made based on principal component analysis. This indicated two major components, which facilitate the elicitation of learners' views on blended learning and its implementation process in relation to the complexity levels of the learning process.The scale is recommended to identify individual's views on blended learning and its implementation process and thus, to contribute to the improvement of a blended learning environment for learners.  相似文献   

软件测试中存在的问题及对策     

孙莹  王华伟 《教育技术导刊》2015,14(1):50-51

在深入分析软件测试现状、存在问题的基础上,结合项目管理、信息化管理、软件测试规范与软件测试体系,提出相关对策,为软件测试工作提供借鉴。  相似文献   

《地理标志产品普洱茶》国家标准中水和微生物的检测     

樊竹青  毕廷菊 《思茅师范高等专科学校学报》2014,(3)

生产用水、渥堆发酵微生物的种类和数量均会对普洱茶品质产生直接影响。为提高普洱茶品质,对《GB/T22111---2008地理标志产品普洱茶》国家标准中水和微生物检测的内容进行补充。  相似文献   

Isokinetic trunk flexion–extension protocol to assess trunk muscle strength and endurance: Reliability,learning effect,and sex differences     

María Pilar García-Vaquero  David Barbado  Casto Juan-Recio  Alejandro Lpez-Valenciano  Francisco J. Vera-Garcia 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(6):692-701

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and the learning effect of an isokinetic trunk flexion–extension protocol designed to simultaneously assess trunk muscle strength and endurance. In addition, the effect of the participants' sex on the reliability data was examined.MethodsFifty-seven healthy and physically active young men (n = 28) and women (n = 29) performed the isokinetic protocol 5 times, separated by a week between each of the first 4 sessions and by a month between the last 2 sessions. The protocol consisted of performing 4 trials of 15 maximum flexion–extension concentric exertions at 120°/s (range of trunk motion = 50°). The absolute and relative peak torque and total work were calculated to assess trunk flexion and extension strength. In addition, endurance ratio, modified endurance ratio, fatigue final ratio, recovery ratio, and modified recovery ratio variables were used for the assessment of trunk muscle endurance in both directions.ResultsRegarding the absolute reliability, no relevant changes were found between paired-comparison sessions for most strength and endurance variables, except for total work and relative total work variables in the flexion movement in both sexes. In addition, the typical error of the isokinetic variables was lower than 10% in both males and females, and minimum detectable changes ranged from 7% to 20%, with a tendency to be higher in females and in endurance variables. The strength variables showed high-to-excellent intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs; >0.74); however, for the endurance variables only the endurance ratio and the modified endurance ratio obtained moderate-to-high ICC values (0.57 < ICC < 0.82). In addition, the analysis of the variance reported no significant differences between consecutive pairs of sessions for most variables in both sexes.ConclusionOverall, these findings provide clinicians, trainers, and researchers with a 10-min single-session protocol to perform a reliable muscle strength and endurance evaluation of trunk flexor and extensor muscles, all within the same protocol.  相似文献   

Is salivary cortisol moderating the relationship between salivary testosterone and hand-grip strength in healthy men?     

Blair T. Crewther  Andrew G. Thomas  Steve Stewart-Williams  Liam P. Kilduff  Christian J. Cook 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(2):188-194

This study examined the moderating effect of cortisol (C) on the relationship between testosterone (T) and hand-grip strength (HGS) in healthy young men. Sixty-five males were monitored for salivary T, C and HGS before and 15?min after a short bout (5?×?6-s trials) of sprint cycling exercise. Sprint exercise promoted (p?<?.05) positive changes in T (6.1?±?24.9%) and HGS (3.4?±?7.5%), but a negative C response (?14.4?±?33.1%). The T and C measures did not independently predict HGS, but a significant T?×?C interaction was found in relation to these outcomes. Further testing revealed that pre-test T and HGS were negatively associated (p?<?.05), but only in men with high C levels. The exercise changes in T and HGS were also negatively related in men with low C levels (p?<?.05), but no relationship was seen in men with high C levels. In summary, complex relationships between T and HGS emerged when considering C as a moderating variable. The pre-test combination of high C and low T levels favoured absolute HGS, whereas low pre-test C levels and a smaller T change were linked to larger HGS changes. These associations suggest that, in the current format, T is not necessarily anabolic to muscle strength in healthy young men. Such complexities could also explain some of the inconsistent T relationships with physical performance in lesser trained male populations.  相似文献   

ACS智能电绞盘测试控制系统研究     

胡冬星 《科技通报》2006,22(3):362-366

提出了电绞盘试验特点及现状,着重介绍了ACS智能测试控制系统组成,分别对软、硬件进行了说明.经调试运行,证明该系统测试精度高,运行可靠,操作方便,自动化程度高,达到了设计要求.  相似文献