Canoe slalom – competition analysis reliability     

Adam Hunter  Jodie Cochrane  Alexi Sachlikidis 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(2):155-170

The aim of this study was to assess intra-observer and inter-observer reliability of data gathered from a lapsed-time time–motion analysis of canoe slalom competition. The data were collected using a definition set developed in conjunction with elite canoe slalom coaches. Competition runs from four national-standard paddlers in a national selection race were analysed in random order three times by three observers. For each run, observers identified various events specific to canoe slalom, including time taken between gates, touched and missed gates, turn times, major and minor avoidance, rolls, paddle in and out of water times, and stroke classification. The error of measurement was determined for each of these variables. For time taken between gates and turn times, the error was ≤ 0.21 and ≤ 0.39 s for intra-observer and inter-observer analysis, respectively. The error for stroke in and out of water times was ≤ 0.08 and ≤ 0.13 s for intra-observer and inter-observer analysis, respectively. Analysis of stroke classification identification for intra-observer comparisons revealed that 91% of the time identical stroke identification occurred. Inter-observer analysis revealed identical stroke identification was achieved 81% of the time. These reliability data compare favourably with previous time–motion analysis in other sports using fewer variables.  相似文献   

A deterministic model based on evidence for the associations between kinematic variables and sprint kayak performance     

Lisa K. McDonnell  Patria A. Hume  Volker Nolte 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(3):205-220

The aim of this narrative review was to propose a deterministic model based on a review of previous research documenting the evidence for the associations between average kayak velocity and kinematic variables in sprint kayaking. Literature was reviewed after searching electronic databases using key words ‘kayak,’ ‘biomechanics,’ ‘velocity,’ ‘kinematics,’ and ‘performance.’ Our kinematic deterministic model for sprint kayaking performance shows that the average kayak velocity is determined by kayak stroke displacement and stroke time. Stroke time had the strongest correlation with 200-m race time (r = 0.86, p < 0.001), and stroke rate (inversely proportional to stroke time) was strongly correlated with average horizontal velocity over two consecutive strokes at race pace (r = ? 0.83, p < 0.05). Increased stroke rate via decreased absolute water phase time and increased relative water phase time were indicative of more elite performance. There was no significant relationship between stroke displacement and velocity; however, a large decrease in stroke displacement may be detrimental to performance. Individual characteristics may be responsible for a paddlers’ ability to achieve and sustain a given stroke rate. Coaches should theoretically focus interventions on increasing stroke rate while maintaining stroke displacement; however this hypothesis should be confirmed with prospective studies.  相似文献   

动画技术在发动机教学中的应用     

冯春林 《柳州职业技术学院学报》2013,(6):105-110

发动机课程的各个章节的教学都应用了教学动画以辅助教学,提高学生的学习兴趣,提高教学效果和效率。本文主要介绍《四冲程柴油机工作原理》教学动画的设计制作的方法和步骤,并初步研究探索有关设计制作教学动画（特别是发动机教学动画）如何更好适合教师教授和学生学习的特殊性。  相似文献   

就《笔顺规范化问题研究》一文与易洪川先生商榷     

李政荣 《甘肃高师学报》2013,18(3):81-83

针对易洪川先生《笔顺规范化问题研究》一文中提出的"强调‘一个汉字只有一种写字笔顺’,确实不大合时宜;对于有多种写字笔顺的汉字应该而且可以多开门"两个观点的论据逐一提出质疑和商榷。  相似文献   

老年脑卒中患者生活质量的现状与康复护理干预     

楼蓉蓉  吴之明 《大连大学学报》2010,31(6):103-105

采用随机抽样法获取老年脑卒中患者80例作为研究对象,将其随机分为干预组与对照组。探讨老年脑卒中患者生活质量的现状与康复护理干预。结果表明,康复护理干预方法优于传统护理方法,有助于提高老年脑卒中患者本人和家属对健康的认识及健康价值水平,促进老年脑卒中患者掌握有效的康复训练方法,改善老年脑卒中患者的运动、语言、认知和其它受损的功能,使其在精神、心理和社会上再适应,提高生活质量。  相似文献   

论油画笔触的嬗变与审美特征     

何奎 《保山师专学报》2010,29(3):86-91

笔触作为绘画形式语言,它承载色彩,塑造形象,是展现画家个性、气质、修养、内涵最直接的反映。界定概念和说明笔触在东西方油画艺术领域的发展演变是研究笔触独立审美价值的基础。笔触的审美特征具体表现为风格美、力度美、肌理美和精神美等。通过分析笔触发展嬗变与时代审美,及其艺术发展的自律性特征,研究笔触的价值和意义将促进油画语言的本体回归,兑现出笔触独立的审美内涵。  相似文献   

优秀运动员皮艇K1-500 m加速阶段的速度构成研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李晓浦  魏文仪  裘艺 《中国体育科技》2006,42(1):119-121

运用两台高速摄像机,对2005年全国皮划艇春季冠军赛中参加单人皮艇500m决赛的36名优秀男、女运动员的启航加速阶段进行跟踪扫描录像分析。结果显示:启航加速能力男子A(前1~9名)、B(前10~18名)2组无统计学意义,女子A、B组则有非常显著性差异;启航阶段男子A组的拉桨效果优于B组;女子A组桨频高于B组,B组启航时间和总成绩高度正相关;其余3组无统计相关意义。提示,启航阶段以提高每桨的划水效果获取艇速增加的技术更符合现代优秀运动员体能结构经济有效分配模式的技术要求。  相似文献   

偏瘫步态中时相与周期的定量研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

荣湘江  姚鸿恩  王卫强  王卫平  任晓玲 《天津体育学院学报》2004,19(2):56-58

目的:通过定量分析偏瘫患者的步行周期时相变化,发现其特征,从而为康复训练提供依据。方法:采用Wall和Ryuichi步态分析方法对30名偏瘫患者与30名正常对照受试者进行步行周期时相分析。结果:实验组中患肢比“健”肢的支撑期明显缩短,摆动期显著延长(P<0.01),对照组中两下肢的支撑期、摆动期无差异(P>0.05)。实验组与对照组的双支撑期、步行周期均存在显著差异(P<0.01)。结论:在自然行走过程中,偏瘫患者双下肢的单支撑期和摆动期的明显缩短是导致患者步行周期延长,步态异常,步速减慢,步行能力下降的根本原因。提示增加单足支撑训练是改善患者步态和步速的有效方法。  相似文献   

对我国优秀女子蝶泳运动员陆上训练年度安排的研究——以陆滢为例     

董琦  崔登荣  许滨 《北京体育大学学报》2018,41(11):96-102+115

摘要：运用文献资料法、观察访谈法和数理统计等方法对我国优秀女子游泳运动员年度陆上训练内容以及周期安排特征进行研究。结论如下：年度陆上训练安排主要以多周期进行,综合训练期由3-4个发展小周期构成,强调等长肌力和离心控制能力;专项训练期由3-4个发展小周期与冲击性小周期构成,以循环训练优化训练密度;赛前训练期由3周左右的冲击性小周期构成,优先发展爆发力,侧重向心动作为主的动作模式。赛前减量期由2周左右的负荷调整小周期构成,注重提高全身肌肉整体工作效率与单个动作不同环节之间的衔接质量。负荷体现出从综合准备期到赛前减量期,周课次与课时减少,训练强度呈先上升后下降的趋势。负荷量峰值出现在专项准备期,强度峰值出现在赛前训练期。  相似文献   

乒乓球削球打法的现状与持续发展的可行性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

魏利婕  史桂兰 《北京体育大学学报》2006,29(12):1709-1711

乒乓球三大打法之一的削球打法,曾作为乒乓球主流打法辉煌过,然而近50多年来却一直在走下坡之路,本文对削球打法落后的现状和原因、持续发展的可行性进行了统计、分析与研究.研究结果表明:削球打法已经沦落为少有人问津的偏门,但是这种打法还是具有很大的持续发展空间.  相似文献