The effects of physical contact type on the internal and external demands during a rugby league match simulation protocol     

Jonathan P. Norris  Jamie Highton  Stephen F. Hughes  Craig Twist 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(19):1859-1866

The aim of this study was to investigate how the type of contact influences physiological, perceptual and locomotive load during a simulated rugby league match. Eleven male university rugby league players performed two trials of the rugby league movement simulation protocol for interchange forwards with a traditional soft tackle bag and a weighted tackle sled to replicate contact demands. The interchange forward-specific simulation was chosen given the contact frequency is higher for this group of players compared to whole match players. Locomotive rate, sprint speed, tackle intensity, heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion were analysed during the first and second bouts that replicated two ~23 min on-field passages. Countermovement jump (CMJ) was measured before and immediately after each trial. More time was spent in heart rate zone between 91 and 100% HR_peak during the first (effect size ± 90% confidence interval: 0.44 ± 0.49) and second bouts (0.44 ± 0.43), and larger (0.6 ± 0.69) decrements in CMJ performance were observed during the sled trial (5.9, s = 4.9%) compared to the bag trial (2.6, s = 5.4%). Changing the type of contact during the match simulation subtly altered both the internal and external loads on participants. Using a standard tackle bag results in faster sprint speed to contact, but lower overall high-intensity running. Conversely, a heavier tackle object increases the internal load and results in greater lower limb neuromuscular fatigue as reflected by the decrease in CMJ performance.  相似文献   

The Structural Adjustment of Football in Zambia: Politics,Decline and Dispersal, 1991–1994     

Hikabwa D. Chipande 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(15):1847-1865

Abstract

This paper explores multiple and complex relationships between football (soccer), politics, and the economy in postcolonial Zambia. Based on archival and oral sources collected in Zambia, the paper argues that President Frederick Chiluba’s government failed to support football development when it came into power in 1991 because it was elected on a platform of liberalizing the collapsing national economy. Chiluba privatized state-owned companies that were sponsoring the game resulting in the plummeting of the local standards and migration of talented footballers abroad in search of better livelihoods. Furthermore, the paper argues that while the exodus of talented footballers led to the deterioration of the standards of the local league, their transnational experience boosted the performance of the Zambia national football team. This led to the emergence of one of the best national teams the country has ever had. Unfortunately, this particular team perished in the Gabon air disaster in 1993 following the government’s disinvestment in the game. However, a few months after the disaster, the country managed to rebuild a national football team, which emerged as runners up to Nigeria in the 1994 African Cup of Nations final as a result of a large pool of local and foreign-based football players.  相似文献   

2014年女排世锦赛中国女排主攻队员扣球技术分析     

蔡宗森 《福建体育科技》2016,(1):35-37

运用文献资料法、比较分析法、数理统计法、录像分析法、逻辑分析法对中国女排在2014年世界女排锦标赛13场对抗赛中的主力主攻手的扣球技术统计分析,认为中国女排主攻手进攻位置比较单一,提出两主攻手在平时训练中应加强各种训练等建议。  相似文献   

高校办高水平运动队发展定位的思考          下载免费PDF全文

闫燕 《体育科研》2016,(3):19-22

运用文献资料、专家访谈、实地调查等研究方法,通过对高校高水平运动队发展现状的基本判断进行分析,找出目前存在的主要问题,探索适合我国高校办高水平运动队的发展定位,为我国高校高水平运动队建设的可持续发展提供参考依据。  相似文献   

探究人力资本理论对足球后备人才培养的影响     

李斌鑫 《湖北体育科技》2016,(9):775-777

运用文献资料、问卷调查、专家访谈、数理统计及回归统计等方法,以上海市部分少体校青少年足球培养为研究对象,以人力资本理论为指导进行研究并发现:1)少体校足球后备人才培养轻视素质培养,模式陈旧单一,培养观念需转变;2)应及时解决以人力资本理论为指导研究对象存在的一些可能被忽视的问题;3)以人力资本理论为指导,加强研究对象与其他培养体系交流,尝试建立合理的交流渠道和富有市场机制的转会费机制,保障青少年足球人才的人力资本能够在培养过程中甚至进入职业队后得到充分发挥。  相似文献   

足球运动员功能训练思考——基于近年来其他体能类项目突破的反思     

袁剑 《湖北体育科技》2016,(11):1029-1031

实践证明,功能性动作的完善更适合体能类项目实战的需要。分析国内外部分体能类项目突破带来的启发,阐述功能训练理念以及理论基础,列举国内足球项目体能训练的若干误区,从理论上提出功能训练对足球运动员的改造以及足球运动的核心训练,以期引发对功能训练与足球运动结合的思考、讨论与实践。  相似文献   

大连市青少年校园足球发展战略创新研究     

冯爱民 《辽宁体育科技》2016,(1):14-19

采用文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法,对大连市校园足球的开展现状进行调查,分析目前新校园足球的理念和效能作用,提出大连市新校园足球发展战略构想和创新模式,以校园足球为突破口,带动学校体育综合改革,以期促进校园足球健康持续发展。  相似文献   

地方应用型本科院校师资队伍建设研究     

祝成成 《教育教学论坛》2019,(16):12-13

我国高等教育发展的新形势,对地方高校教师队伍建设提出了新要求。通过分析地方应用型高校教师队伍建设中存在教师资队伍结构局部不合理,"双师双能型"教师缺乏,教师责任意识不强,进行教育科学研究的积极性较低等问题,提出了相应的对策。  相似文献   

Effect of repeat-sprint training in hypoxia on post-exercise interleukin-6 and F2-isoprostanes     

Paul S. R. Goods  Brian Dawson  Grant J. Landers  Christopher J. Gore  Kevin Croft  Peter Peeling 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1047-1054

This investigation examined the oxidative stress (F₂-Isoprostane; F₂-IsoP) and inflammatory (interleukin-6; IL-6) responses to repeat-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH). Ten trained male team sport athletes performed 3(sets)*9(repetitions)*5?s cycling sprints in simulated altitude (3000?m) and sea-level conditions. Mean and peak sprint power output (MPO and PPO) were recorded, and blood samples were collected pre-exercise, and again at 8 and 60?min post-exercise. Both MPO and PPO were significantly reduced in hypoxia (compared to sea-level) in the second (MPO: 855?±?89 vs. 739?±?95?W, p?=?.006; PPO: 1024?±?114 vs. 895?±?112?W, p?=?.010) and third (MPO: 819?±?105 vs. 686?±?83?W, p?=?.008; PPO: 985?±?125 vs. 834?±?99?W, p?=?.008) sets, respectively. IL-6 was significantly increased from pre- to 1?h post-exercise in both hypoxia (0.7?±?0.2 vs. 2.4?±?1.4?pg/mL, p?=?.004) and sea-level conditions (0.7?±?0.2 vs. 1.6?±?0.3?pg/mL, p?d?=?0.80) suggesting higher IL-6 levels of post-hypoxia. F₂-IsoP was significantly lower 1?h post-exercise in both the hypoxic (p?=?.005) and sea-level (p?=?.002) conditions, with no differences between trials. While hypoxia can impact on exercise intensity and may result in greater post-exercise inflammation, it appears to have little effect on oxidative stress. These results indicate that team sport organisations with ready access to hypoxic training facilities could confidently administer RSH without significantly increasing the post-exercise inflammatory or oxidative stress response.  相似文献   

Understanding the consequences of victory amongst sport spectators: The mediating role of BIRGing     

Iouri Bernache-Assollant  Yves Chantal  Patrick Bouchet  Marie-Françoise Lacassagne 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(6):719-725

Prior work on the relationships between team identification and spectators’ reactions to one's team victory has largely neglected the potential effects of mediating variables. In this research, we proposed that the process of Basking in Reflected Glory [BIRGing – the tendency to reduce the distance between oneself and one's team; Cialdini, R. B., Bordon, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S., &; Sloan, L. R. (1976). Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 366–375] would lead spectators to almost take ownership of victories and share its benefits, thereby impacting their sense of national belonging in a positive manner. To this end, participants (N?=?73) were asked to watch an edited video clip showing a victory of the French national rugby team playing against South Africa. As expected, results revealed that BIRGing mediated the relationship between team identification and one's sense of national belonging. In closing, a number of implications are discussed along with future research avenues pertaining to the sport spectatorship literature.  相似文献