我国竞技健美操规则的改变及其对运动技术发展的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘令姝 《北京体育大学学报》1995,(2)

为进一步促进我国竞技健美操运动技术水平的提高，对我国1986～1994年期间5次颁布的竞技健美操规则进行了研究；结合多年参加该项目训练、比赛的体会，分析了我国竞技健美操运动技术发展的状况，并提出相应的训练手段。  相似文献   

文献数据库的检索特点及使用技巧   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

梁花侠  罗红彬  杜香莉 《大学图书情报学刊》2004,22(1):43-45

随着高校图书馆引进的中外文数据库及建立的局域网络检索系统 ,教学科研人员有了快捷、高效、准确查获文献信息的硬件环境。为使读者更好地利用各种数据库进行文献检索 ,文章介绍了文献数据库的检索特点 ,并就数据库检索中检索策略制定的技术性问题 ,如 :检索词的选择、检索式的编写等做了详细介绍。  相似文献   

Quiet eye training aids the long-term learning of throwing and catching in children: Preliminary evidence for a predictive control strategy     

C. A. L. Miles  S. J. Vine  J. N. Vickers  M. R. Wilson 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(1):100-108

Abstract

Quiet eye training (QET) may be a more effective method for teaching children to catch than traditional training (TT) methods, but it is unclear if the benefits accrued persist in the long term. Thirty children were randomly allocated into a QET or TT group and, while wearing a mobile eye tracker, underwent baseline testing, training and two retention tests over a period of eight weeks, using a validated throw and catch task. During training, movement-related information was provided to both groups, while the QET group received additional instruction to increase the duration of their targeting fixation (QE1) on the wall prior to the throw, and pursuit tracking (QE2) period on the ball prior to catching. In both immediate (R1) and delayed (R2, six weeks later) retention tests, the QET group had a significantly longer QE1 duration and an earlier and longer QE2 duration, compared to the TT group, who revealed no improvements. A performance advantage was also found for the QET compared to the TT group at both R1 and R2, revealing the relatively robust nature of the visuomotor alterations. Regression analyses suggested that only the duration of QE1 predicted variance in catch success post-training, pointing to the importance of a pre-programming visuomotor strategy for successful throw and catch performance.  相似文献   

The application of inertial measurement units and functional principal component analysis to evaluate movement in the forward 3½ pike somersault springboard dive     

Cherie Walker  John Warmenhoven  Peter J. Sinclair 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2019,18(2):146-162

Based on technological and analytical advances, the capability to more accurately and finitely examine biomechanical and skill characteristics of movement has improved. The purpose of this study was to use Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) and Functional Principal Components Analysis (fPCA) to examine the role of movement variability (assessed via angular velocity), on 2 divers (1 international level; 1 national) performing the forward 3½ pike somersault dive. Analysis of angular velocity curves during ive-flight identified 5 fPCs, accounting for 96.5% of movement variability. The national diver’s scatter plots and standard deviation of fPC scores illustrated larger magnitudes of angular velocity variability across dive flight. For fPC1 and fPC3, magnitudes of SD variability were 282.6 and 201.5, respectively. The international diver illustrated more consistent angular velocity profiles, with clustering of fPCs scores (e.g., fPC1 & 3 = SD’s of 75.2 & 68.0). To account for lower variability in the international diver, the ability to better coordinate movement sequences and functionally utilise feedback in response to initiation of the somersault position is highlighted. Overall, findings highlight how both IMUs and fPCA can more holistically and finitely examine the biomechanical and skill characteristics of movement sequences with the capability to inform athlete development.  相似文献   

足球踢球动作技能学习中背景干扰效应的实验研究          下载免费PDF全文

余方亮 《河北体育学院学报》2019,33(1):67-73

目的：探讨初学者在足球踢球动作技能学习过程中是否存在背景干扰效应，并分析原因。方法：以足球脚背内侧踢定位球动作技能作为学习任务，选取某大学足球专修班的33名学生为研究对象，分成对照组和两个实验组，进行10周的体育教学现场实验，对一周后保持测试的达标和技评成绩进行单因素方差分析。结果：三组保持测试的达标和技评成绩均值，在0.05水平上差异不具有显著性。结论：实验结果未能出现背景干扰效应，未能验证本研究提出的研究假设和背景干扰效应假说的最主要原因是，足球脚背内侧踢定位球的复杂性任务特征。  相似文献   

我国开放式运动技能研究现状及展望          下载免费PDF全文

陈峰 《河北体育学院学报》2016,30(5):25-29

运用文献资料法对近年来我国开放式运动技能研究的相关文献进行整理分析.指出,开放式运动技能研究在我国起步晚、重视程度不高,实践研究水平跟不上理论研究水平;理论研究主要以心理学和生理学为研究角度;实验研究主要集中在篮、网、足等少数项目,研究的深度、专门性和针对性都不够,评价系统不完善.认为,未来研究将深入竞技体育、学校体育、群众体育中,针对不同训练对象、不同训练目的对具体项目的训练原则、方法、手段及评价体系进行研究.  相似文献   

The political skill and will of expatriates in acculturating to the politics of an organization in a new culture     

《Int J Intercult Relat》2015

This paper explores and conceptualizes the process through which expatriates acculturate to the politics of an organization in a new and dominant culture that differs from their origin culture. In addition to an overview of acculturation, we review research on the emergence and perception of political context in organizations, and on political skill and political will. We posit that politically-relevant situational characteristics in organizations and work interact with national culture to affect the intensity with which expatriates perceive politics in their organization. Based on their political skill (operationalized as high versus low) and their political will (operationalized in terms of concern for self versus concern for others), we describe the different political behavior expatriates will use as a means of acculturating to their political context and the effects those strategies have on their acculturative stress and individual effectiveness in the organization.  相似文献   

The relationship between fundamental movement skill proficiency and physical self-confidence among adolescents     

Bronagh McGrane  Sarahjane Belton  Danielle Powell  Johann Issartel 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(17):1709-1714

This study aims to assess fundamental movement skill (FMS) proficiency, physical self-confidence levels, and the relationship between these variables and gender differences among adolescents. Three hundred and ninety five adolescents aged 13.78 years (SD = ±1.2) from 20 schools were involved in this study. The Test of Gross Motor Development-2nd Edition (TGMD), TGMD-2 and Victorian Skills Manual were used to assess 15 FMS. Participants’ physical self-confidence was also assessed using a valid skill-specific scale. A significant correlation was observed between FMS proficiency and physical self-confidence for females only (r = 0.305, P < 0.001). Males rated themselves as having significantly higher physical self-confidence levels than females (P = 0.001). Males scored significantly higher than females in FMS proficiency (P < 0.05), and the lowest physical self-confidence group were significantly less proficient at FMS than the medium (P < 0.001) and high physical self-confidence groups (P < 0.05). This information not only highlights those in need of assistance to develop their FMS but will also facilitate in the development of an intervention which aims to improve physical self-confidence and FMS proficiency.  相似文献   

幼儿动作技能学习中的游戏干预：基本形式、方法与实施过程     

张莹  夏琼  袁朝霞  郑秀英  盛建平 《吉林体育学院学报》2016,(1):86-96

采用文献资料、访谈、观察等研究方法，以动作学习为基点，剖析教师对游戏干预的认识。研究结果：(1)游戏干预的基本形式主要包括两大类，一是根据干预对象人数多少可分为单独干预与集体干预；二是根据教师参与方式可分为参与性干预与非参与性干预；(2)游戏干预的基本方法主要包括以教师自身为媒介的干预方法、以材料为媒介的干预方法，和以同伴为媒介的干预方法，其具体的操作手段主要有言语类和非言语类；(3)游戏干预的实施过程主要包括确定干预必要性、确定干预时机、确定干预形式、选取干预方法、设置干预情境、明确干预评价等六个基本环节。此外，还必须重视梳理学习内容与干预内容、有效地规划干预时间、明确干预目标、匹配幼儿能力、重视师幼互动节奏，以及教师培训等相关事项来保障实施过程。研究价值：基本形式的选择和实施过程是游戏干预成功的重要环节，对它们进行深入细致的研究，既能丰富游戏干预理论，又为后续的实证研究提供相应的理论基础。  相似文献   

篮板球技术的教学与训练     

李欣 《临沂师范学院学报》2003,25(3):122-124

现代篮球极其重视篮板球的争抢，学校篮球课堂教学也必需加强该项技术的教学训练．具体地，应重视篮板球意识的培养；采用电化教学方法提高队员的理论认识；用鼓励法培养队员的拼抢意识；用语言与思堆联系的原理提高队员的观察分析能力；另外，发扬勇猛的拼抢作风和正确的动作定型也十分重要．  相似文献