The influence of temperature and humidity on swelling and surfactant migration in acrylic emulsion paint films     

Ian Ziraldo  Kristen Watts  Arnold Luk  Richard C. Wolbers 《文物保护研究》2016,61(4):209-221

It has often been observed anecdotally and implied through experimentation that acrylic emulsion paintings accumulate and entrain soils over time due to the inherent mechanical softness in artist's acrylic paint films, through the presence of hydrophilic film components, and by virtue of the ubiquitous presence of surfactant moieties on these film surfaces once they dry. In the present study, it has been this last effect that we have sought to describe more fully in terms of surfactant responsiveness to both temperature and relative humidity (RH). Surfactant hydration and dehydration under varying temperature and RH conditions affects the ultimate partitioning of the surfactant at the paint–air interface, as well as the inherent size, aggregation tendencies, and solubility of surfactant in the bulk paint materials which contain components that are highly responsive to changes in temperature and RH (e.g. polyacrylic or polymaleic anhydride-type dispersal materials). In this work, analytical techniques including three-dimensional microscopy and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation were used to add to and reinforce current understanding of the physical and mechanical changes to acrylic paint films with temperature and RH. The migration of surfactant at the film surface was studied using desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared microscopy.  相似文献   

应用红外光谱研究PET结晶和结晶完整性问题     

杨始堃  关德炽  陈玉君  潘鉴元 《中山大学学报论丛》1990,(3)

通过对与构象有关谱带的吸光度比的变化,研究了PET结晶完整性。表明随结晶温度升高,反式构象增加,旁式构象减少。对比结晶度随结晶温度的变化,说明反式构象的增加可能包含了在非晶区中的增加。溶液法制的试样在170℃以下的反常,是试样从溶液中析出时已形成不完整的结晶,在热处理时发生重构的缘故。应用谱线差减技术表明,高温结晶的比低温结晶的试样,其结晶区红外光谱中一些谱带呈现向高波数位移的现象,是结晶完整性增加的结果。  相似文献   

水蒸汽蒸馏法提取没药挥发性成分的GC-MS分析     

陈华  辛广  张兰杰  张博 《鞍山师范学院学报》2006,8(2):34-36

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法从没药中提取挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对其化学成分进行了分析.从中分离并鉴定出41种化学成分,用峰面积归一化法通过数据处理系统得出各化学成分在挥发油中的百分含量,占挥发油总成分的67.95%.  相似文献   

基于通讯车图像传输系统--一种基于通讯车的卫星中继遥控机的红外激光全息图像传输系统     

王德良 《襄樊职业技术学院学报》2005,4(2):29-30,38

基于通讯车的卫星中继遥控机的红外激光图像传输系统在遥感图像的传输中有着极其重要的军事和民用价值。首先讨论系统的应用意义，然后提出系统的总体方案，并对几个关键电路进行设计，最后分析其可行性。  相似文献   

红外线中央机加载网络数据库的研究     

于春秀 《鸡西大学学报》2006,6(2):78-80

本文主要论述了在红外线中央机系统中加载大型网络数据库的意义、方法和原理,分析了红外线中央机系统中加载大型网络数据库后对整个红外线系统在远程维护方面的重要影响,以及在实施过程中的安全考虑。  相似文献   

The terracotta modelli of Palazzo Venezia in Rome: Investigation of the constituent materials for fundamental knowledge and to aid conservation decisions     

Claudia Pelosi  Davide Fodaro  Livia Sforzini  Claudio Falcucci  Pietro Baraldi 《文物保护研究》2017,62(5):266-282

This work presents the results of the investigation carried out on a group of terracotta sculptures (modelli) (sixteenth to eighteenth century) belonging to the extraordinary collection of Palazzo Venezia in Rome. The study, the diagnostic analysis, and the conservation work, were possible thanks to the grant supplied by the Getty Foundation of Los Angeles and by the bank Intesa San Paolo. The terracotta modelli had a practical function as they were of great use as sketches to the creation of the final masterpieces or as models for restoration. As a consequence, the terracotta models allow reconstructing the creative process of artists and restorers, fundamental to outlining the ancient workshop production. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, micro-stratigraphic investigation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and micro-Raman spectroscopy were chosen as useful techniques to study the morphology and composition of the surface-painted layers. Usually the surfaces were painted in order to simulate the materials of the sculpture for which the model was created, for example lead white was used to obtain a white surface simulating marble. But, often the models were re-painted to make them more attractive for the antique trade. So, several pigments have been found on the surfaces such as zinc white, Prussian blue, chrome yellow, and mono-azo pigment. In some cases, the characterization of the surface paintings was particularly important to the final decision about removing or leaving the surface paint in place.  相似文献   

吸光光度分析中校正曲线形貌剖析     

郭玉  何爱桃  陈云生 《衡阳师范学院学报》1997,(6)

剖析了吸光光度分析中校正曲线的形态，阐述了不同形貌校正曲线对分析结果的影响及获得良好校正曲线的方法。  相似文献   

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定中成药中微量镉     

王尚芝 《雁北师范学院学报》2007,23(1):34-35,42

采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定了中成药中微量镉，考察了基体改进剂及其它实验参数对测定结果的影响．在优化实验条件下，采用标准加入法测定，方法的检出限为0．0614ng／ml，精密度为4．78％，回收率为99．2％～103．4％．  相似文献   

红外光谱在有机综合实验中的应用尝试   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹玮  王书文  曲波 《实验技术与管理》2007,24(2):41-43

该文结合实例介绍了红外光谱在有机化学综合性实验中的应用。通过让学生自行设计实验并将实验课上制备的产物用红外光谱进行表征，提高了大中型仪器在实验教学上的使用率，初步做到了波谱理论与有机化学的结合，培养学生的科研意识和综合素质，提高教学质量。  相似文献   

平均天地背景辐射在可见光波段的验证     

李道勇 《临沂师范学院学报》2006,28(6):32-35

利用大气传输模型Modtran软件计算了不同条件下,可见光波段和红外波段的天地背景辐射．通过计算可以表明,在可见波段,平均辐射不能用中值定理来推导,因而不能用天顶角为45度或135度的天地背景辐射来代替平均背景辐射．  相似文献