Co-occurrence of adverse childhood experiences and its association with family characteristics. A latent class analysis with Dutch population data     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundAlthough adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are relatively common among children, there is limited knowledge on the co-occurrence of such experiences.ObjectiveThe current study therefore investigates co-occurrence of childhood adversity in the Netherlands and whether specific clusters are more common among certain types of families.Participants and SettingRepresentative data from the Family Survey Dutch population 2018 (N = 3,128) are employed.MethodWe estimate Latent Class Analysis (LCA) models to investigate co-occurrence of ACEs. As ACEs we examine maltreatment, household dysfunction, demographic family events, as well as financial and chronic health problems. Gradual measures for maltreatment and financial problems are studied to make it possible to differentiate with regard to the severity of experiences.ResultsOur results show that four ACE clusters may be identified: ‘Low ACE’, ‘Moderate ACE: Household dysfunction’, ‘Moderate ACE: Maltreatment’ and ‘High ACE’. Regression analyses indicated that mother’s age at first childbirth and the number of siblings were related to experiencing childhood adversity. We found limited evidence for ACEs to be related to a family’s socioeconomic position.ConclusionThe found clusters of ACEs reflect severity of childhood adversity, but also the types of adversity a child experienced. For screening and prevention of childhood adversity as well as research on its consequences, it is relevant to acknowledge this co-occurrence of types and severity of adversity.  相似文献   

Finding the missing Einsteins: Expanding the breadth of cognitive and noncognitive measures used in academic services     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2020

Education researchers, policymakers, and practitioners are concerned with identifying and developing talent for students with fewer opportunities, especially students from historically marginalized groups. An emerging body of research suggests “universally screening” or testing all students, then matching those students with appropriate educational challenges, is effective in helping marginalized students. However, most tests have focused on two areas: math and verbal reasoning. We leverage three nationally representative samples of the U.S. population at different time points that include both novel cognitive measures (e.g., spatial, mechanical, and abstract reasoning) and non-cognitive measures (e.g., conscientiousness, creativity or word fluency, leadership skill, and artistic skill) to uncover which measures would improve proportional representation of marginalized groups in talent identification procedures. We find that adding spatial reasoning measures in particular—as well as other non-cognitive measures such as conscientiousness, leadership, and creativity—are worthwhile to consider for universal screening procedures for students to narrow achievement gaps at every level of education, including for gifted students. By showing that these nontraditional measures both improve proportional representation of underrepresented groups and have reasonable predictive validity, we also broaden the definition of what it means to be “gifted” and expand opportunities for students from historically marginalized groups.  相似文献   

中瑞高尔夫球员培养比较研究          下载免费PDF全文

王亚萍 《河北体育学院学报》2016,30(2):20-25

运用文献资料法和分析法,从项目发展概况、管理、竞赛、球员培养理念和模式、教学和训练以及后备人才培养等方面,对中瑞两国高尔夫球员的培养进行了对比研究.借鉴瑞典的可取之处提出,我国应注重项目协会建设和宣传推广;整合力量,形成国家、俱乐部和家庭的三位一体的联合培养机制;在高尔夫球青少年人才选拔中,淡化成绩,培养兴趣,注重个人能力的提高;在教学训练中,全面发展球员的综合体能、短杆和推杆技术、心理素质和大赛经验;完善竞赛体系,增加赛事数量,满足各年龄层次特别是青少年球员的参赛需求,实现以赛代练.  相似文献   

广州体育学院大型赛事服务人才培养质量评估研究*     

陈小英  曾〓芊  陈天赐 《广州体育学院学报》2017,37(6):36-39

借鉴柯氏评估模型,从反应层、学习层、行为层和结果层四个层次,评估分析广州体育学院在2010-2017年对大型体育赛事服务人才的培养质量.结果发现,大型体育赛事服务作为广州体育学院人才培养的重要途径,已经取得了一定的成效.它在总体上提升了体育高等院校人才综合素质,可以作为体育高等院校人才培养与社会融合的一个重要途径而推广应用.同时,广州体育学院大型体育赛事服务人才在工具技术和态度因素等方面存在短板现象.  相似文献   

The use of player physical and technical skill match activity profiles to predict position in the Australian Football League draft     

Carl T. Woods  James P. Veale  Neil Collier  Sam Robertson 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(4):325-330

This study investigated the extent to which position in the Australian Football League (AFL) national draft is associated with individual game performance metrics. Physical/technical skill performance metrics were collated from all participants in the 2014 national under 18 (U18) championships (18 games) drafted into the AFL (n = 65; 17.8 ± 0.5 y); 232 observations. Players were subdivided into draft position (ranked 1–65) and then draft round (1–4). Here, earlier draft selection (i.e., closer to 1) reflects a more desirable player. Microtechnology and a commercial provider facilitated the quantification of individual game performance metrics (n = 16). Linear mixed models were fitted to data, modelling the extent to which draft position was associated with these metrics. Draft position in the first/second round was negatively associated with “contested possessions” and “contested marks”, respectively. Physical performance metrics were positively associated with draft position in these rounds. Correlations weakened for the third/fourth rounds. Contested possessions/marks were associated with an earlier draft selection. Physical performance metrics were associated with a later draft selection. Recruiters change the type of U18 player they draft as the selection pool reduces. juniors with contested skill appear prioritised.  相似文献   

基于竞争优势理论的我国竞技体育发展战略问题探析     

钟明宝  张春燕  史丹  王玉珠  侯学华 《北京体育大学学报》2016,39(9):1-11

摘要：以竞争优势理论为指导，以我国竞技体育发展战略的相关问题问为研究对象，运用文献法和数理统计法进行定性分析与定量判断，旨在通过特异性的持续发展，创造优于竞争对手的高收益。研究认为：1）我国竞技体育有着不可替代的价值，但存在高成本低效益、国际体育竞技竞争和体育事业其他领域资源竞争问题，关注资源配置的效益是我国竞技体育今后发展的目标和管理的基本理念；2）以成本优势战略为指导，我国竞技体育的发展首先应该有明确的目标定位，结合我国竞技体育发展的要素水平，以22~26枚奥运金牌为我国竞技体育发展的基本目标；3）在项目选择上，以跳水、乒乓球、羽毛球、体操（含蹦床）、射击、举重柔道和跆拳道为优势发展的项目，实施歧异化发展；4）发展战略设计以优势项目和国家队等重点管理领域为工作重点，进行分类管理，合理配置国家、市场与社会资源，实现发展目标积聚。与此同时，在竞技体育投入渠道、资源分配、管理体制、“国内练兵，一致对外”竞争理念方面简要阐明了自己的观点。  相似文献   

大学生体育课项目选择及其影响因素研究     

王科飞 《洛阳师范学院学报》2004,23(5):84-86

对河南省大学生体育课项目选择和影响因素进行了调查研究 ,发现大学生的体育学习和体育课项目选择有不同特点 .文章分析了形成目前状况的原因 ,这对我们安排教学内容 ,培养授课教师 ,提高大学生上体育课的兴趣 ,形成他们良好的锻炼习惯 ,增强体质都有重要的作用 .  相似文献   

高等职业院校的发展战略选择--赴英国牛津大学研修的感悟   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

王忠诚 《辽宁高职学报》2005,7(1):14-16,72

提出了高等职业院校发展战略的内涵，分析了对高等职业院校发展战略的选择需要思考的几个问题，探讨了高等职业学校发展战略的模式选择。  相似文献   

环境艺术设计专业在高职教育中的发展     

靳鹤琳 《天津职业院校联合学报》2007,9(5):100-102

通过对环境艺术设计在高职教育中的专业设置介绍,提出要培养环境艺术设计技能型人才就必须加强专业教学建设与改革,并对该专业的未来的发展趋势进行了分析。  相似文献   

对我国高等教育中"过度教育"现象的理性思考--从高校扩招和人才市场约束谈起     

唐建兵 《继续教育研究》2003,(6):97-100

近年来，大学生待业和“大材小用”的“过度教育”现象已成为社会公众普遍关注和急需解决的社会热点问题之一。笔者从高校扩招和人才市场约束对大学生就业影响的角度对高等教育中“过度教育”产生的原因和发展趋势进行了分析。  相似文献