Community differences in the implementation of Strong Communities for Children     

《Child abuse & neglect》2015

In 1993, the U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect recommended a neighborhood-based strategy to prevent child abuse and neglect. The Board further recommended the development of Prevention Zones to allow for testing of the effectiveness of community-wide child protection efforts in neighborhoods of differing population density, ethnic and cultural composition, and social and economic resources. Following the Board's recommendation, this article presents the results of a trial of the effectiveness of a neighborhood-based strategy in low- and high-resource communities. Using management, survey, and administrative data, the research showed that both community types experienced declines in founded cases of and injuries suggesting child maltreatment for children under age 5. Low-resource communities experienced greater levels of mobilization, as measured by community and institutional engagement, and a greater number of positive outcomes related to changes in the quality of life for families and community norms relative to child and family well-being. In particular, the low-resource communities experienced the largest increases in receiving help from neighbors, neighboring, perceived household safety for neighborhood children, and observed positive parenting. High-resource communities experienced greater increases in intermediate outcomes related to self-reported parenting practices. The findings suggest that, ultimately, community mobilization can occur and be an effective means of preventing child maltreatment across community types. It appears, however, that community mobilization may play a more significant role in low-resource communities.  相似文献   

新课程背景下师生教学行为的异化与矫正     

赵传兵 《鸡西大学学报》2015,(4):1-3

新课改以来,由于对课改理念的僵硬化解读,学校精细化管理制度带来的压抑与控制,以及盲目模仿带来的伤根性移植,师生教学行为出现了异化现象:教学资源开发异化为材料的堆砌,教学方法选择异化为学生盲目的探究,教学环境营造异化为缺乏深度思维的"热热闹闹",教学评价异化为盲目赞扬。对课改理念进行个性化解读,学校积极营造创造性教学氛围,以及唤醒师生主体意识是教学异化行为矫正的重要路径。  相似文献   

现代大学制度重构:公共性、公益性、私益性的冲突与整合     

戚业国 《教育发展研究》2011,(19)

现代社会知识已经渗透到社会生产和生活的各个方面,作为知识生产、传播和应用的高等教育,已经从社会边缘进入社会中心,使得高等教育的公共性、公益性与私益性发生了新的变化,这些变化反过来又影响高到等教育的发展:公共性的增强提升了高等教育的地位和影响力,挑战着大学的传统与精神;公益性的增强使得社会更为关注高等教育公平;而私益性的增强则使高等教育成本分担日趋复杂化。现代大学制度重构需要从高等教育社会产品的生产、分配与消费去思考大学制度的逻辑框架。  相似文献   

中华龙舟文化演变的生态适应论绎     

王洪珅 《北京体育大学学报》2017,40(6):134-139

摘要：主要采用文献资料法和历史研究法，以跨学科的视野阐释和分析中华龙舟文化在不同历史时期的变化，从生态适应的角度，纵向梳理了中华龙舟文化的发展历程，认为中华龙舟文化的起源、演变及传承等整个发展过程均是生态适应的结果。主要从自然生态、社会生态和文化生态3个维度，分析讨论了中华龙舟文化演变过程中的生态适应问题。研究认为：自然生态促进了中华龙舟文化区域性的演成，并赋予其地域性特征；社会生态促使中华龙舟文化服务于政治需要、社会教化和社会整合；而文化生态促进了中华龙舟文化与他文化的横向交流和融合。同时还认为，面对自然生态、社会生态和文化生态的不断变化，当前及今后的中华龙舟文化都会通过不断的自我调适来适应所处生态的变化。一定程度上有助于加深对中华龙舟文化发展问题的理解和认识，进一步拓展民族传统体育文化研究的视野。  相似文献   

Ideal selves as identity management strategies     

《Int J Intercult Relat》2015

This research addresses the relationship between ideal selves and social context from a social identity perspective. Based on Social Identity Theory (Tajfel and Turner, 1979, Tajfel and Turner, 1986) and related research, it is argued that ideal selves stand in a functional relationship with identity management strategies and that, consequently, shared beliefs about relevant intergroup relations influence the preferences for ideal selves. Three studies conducted with black and white adolescent and adult South Africans tested the assumption. The overall results of the studies confirmed that whether ideal selves corresponding to social change, social mobility or social creativity were preferred depended on whether the intergroup relations between black and white South Africans were perceived as secure or insecure.  相似文献   

The Appliance of Code Switching in the SM Language     

LI Chang 《海外英语》2014,(9)

Code-switching, a natural phenomenon that consists of alternating two or more languages in bilinguals ’discourse, has traditionally been examined in its oral production. For over three decades, much at...  相似文献   

高校医务室的管理相应问题与对策     

郑福池 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(1):186

本文涵盖了一些当前高校医务室管理工作中隐藏的问题和不足之处。为了使高校医务室的管理水平得到合理的提升,根据高校医务室存在的问题和不足提出相关的有效措施,为以后高校医务室的管理和规章制度的制定工作的进行提供准确的理论依据。  相似文献   

‘When words don't come easily’: personal narratives from adolescents experiencing shyness as an emotional and behavioural problem in the school context     

Ingrid Lund 《British Journal of Special Education》2016,43(4):430-447

The purpose of this article is to present narratives from 15 adolescents experiencing shy behaviour as an emotional and behavioural problem in the school context in light of narrative understanding. The investigation is intended to generate knowledge about this largely under‐researched phenomenon based on the personal accounts of those who are actually experiencing it. Their narratives are the foundation for a discussion regarding implications for future practice in the context of school in relation to this group.  相似文献   

How repeated studying and testing affects multimedia learning: Evidence for adaptation to task demands     

《Learning and Instruction》2016

Two biases can occur in multimedia learning: overconfidence and over-reliance on text processing. The present research sought to identify these biases and to investigate whether they can be reduced, and hence learning fostered, when studying and testing are repeated. In 2 experiments (Exp.1: N = 79, Exp.2: N = 52), students learned either with text only or with text and pictures (multimedia) about how the toilet flush works, gave judgments-of-learning (JOLs), were tested on the learning contents; afterwards this study-test cycle was repeated. Results from both experiments revealed stronger overconfidence due to multimedia in both study-test cycles (JOLs higher than learning outcomes). Eye movement data showed a relative increase in attention on the picture versus text from cycle 1 to cycle 2; this relative increase in attention was related to better learning outcomes. Repeated studying and testing thus helped to reduce over-reliance on text processing in multimedia learning, fostering performance.  相似文献   

高校体育人文环境的现状分析与优化对策研究*     

李〓颖  张云龙 《广州体育学院学报》2017,37(5):106-109

在大学的四项主要职能中,人才培养和文化传播都与一所高校的体育人文环境有着密切联系.在优秀人才的培养中,德、智、体、美四维之中,体即一端."身心俱健"的要求需要体育教育和体育活动来保证;在优秀文化传播中,"终身体育"的意识正在逐步深入人心,作为社会先进文化辐射源的大学体育文化与各项体育活动对社会起着示范和引领作用.随着青少年体质健康工作日益受到重视,各高校正在将体育人文环境的创设与优化作为改善学校品质、打造学校文化特色、提升学校综合实力的重要内容.  相似文献