Relationship between weight status and cognition in children: A mediation analysis of physical fitness components     

《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(1):13-20

ABSTRACT

Cross-sectional study aimed to analyse differences in cognitive performance across fitness components categories (cardiorespiratory fitness [CRF], speed-agility and muscular fitness [MF]) and weight status in children, and to determine whether physical fitness mediates the association between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive performance. Fitness components and BMI were measured using standard procedures in 630 children aged 5-to-7 years from the provinces of Cuenca and Ciudad Real, Spain. BADyG was used to assess cognitive performance. We used ANCOVA models to test mean differences in cognition scores by BMI and fitness categories. Hayes’s PROCESS macro was used for mediation analyses. Children with normal weight scored better in spatial factor and general intelligence than their overweight/obese peers (p < 0.05), but differences were attenuated when controlling for CRF (p > 0.05). Children with better results in CRF and speed-agility scored better in all cognitive dimensions even after controlling for BMI (p < 0.05). Similarly, children with high MF obtained better scores in verbal factor (p < 0.05). All fitness components acted as mediators of the relationship between BMI and general intelligence (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the crucial role of fitness in minimising the negative effect of excess weight on children’s cognition.

Abbreviations: BMI: Body mass index; CRF: Cardiorespiratory fitness; MF: Muscular fitness; BADyG E1: Battery of general and differential aptitudes; SES: Socioeconomic status; SD: Standard deviation; IE: Indirect effect  相似文献   

高校女生身体意象的现状调查     

张娟 《襄樊学院学报》2010,31(11):53-56

采用问卷调查法对高校女生身体意象的现状进行调查,结果显示：高校女生身体形态基本正常,趋于偏瘦体形;高校女生对自己的外表评价为偏负向的态度,在肥胖焦虑程度上较低;绝大多数高校女生主观上将自己的体重归于＂肥胖＂之列;高校女生对身体各部位基本满意,其中最满意的部位集中在面部,最不满意的部位集中在下部.高校女生理想体形与实际体形之间存在显著差异,理想体形明显瘦于实际体形.  相似文献   

Influence of upright versus time trial cycling position on determination of critical power and W′ in trained cyclists     

Mehdi Kordi  Chris Fullerton  Louis Passfield  Len Parker Simpson 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(2):192-198

Body position is known to alter power production and affect cycling performance. The aim of this study was to compare mechanical power output in two riding positions, and to calculate the effects on critical power (CP) and W′ estimates. Seven trained cyclists completed three peak power output efforts and three fixed-duration trial (3-, 5- and 12-min) riding with their hands on the brake lever hoods (BLH), or in a time trial position (TTP). A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that mean power output during the 5-min trial was significantly different between BLH and TTP positions, resulting in a significantly lower estimate of CP, but not W′, for the TTP trial. In addition, TTP decreased the performance during each trial and increased the percentage difference between BLH and TTP with greater trial duration. There were no differences in pedal cadence or heart rate during the 3-min trial; however, TTP results for the 12-min trial showed a significant fall in pedal cadence and a significant rise in heart rate. The findings suggest that cycling position affects power output and influences consequent CP values. Therefore, cyclists and coaches should consider the cycling position used when calculating CP.  相似文献   

‘You do it in your own particular way.’ Physical education,gender and (dis)ability     

Elisabet Apelmo 《Sport, Education and Society》2019,24(7):702-713

The aim of this article was to explore, from a gender perspective, how young sporting women with physical impairments experience physical education (PE), and which strategies they use to manage situations that arise in the everyday interaction in connection with those lessons. Phenomenology provides a theoretical framework that includes the body. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with the women, aged 15–28. In addition, semi-structured interviews were held with three boys, aged between 10 and 15, and with one male coach. Those latter interviews are used in the article as material for comparison. The young women had a strong aspiration to appear normal. However, in relation to PE, the participants highlighted issues dealing with experiences of exclusion and special treatment. It appeared to be difficult for teachers to see these women as the sports-interested youths that they were. The young women used different strategies of resistance. Some of them did not participate in certain aspects of PE, or chose to quit the whole course. To receive a higher grade, another participant showed the teacher her medals from the Swedish national swimming championship, thus stressing her competence. When the women finally described the stigmatization that they had been subjected to, they avoided positioning themselves as victims, by downplaying the seriousness of a discriminatory situation or by using in the interview the word ‘we’ instead of ‘I’, thus describing the incident in collective terms. Previous research supports the suggestion that the students’ opportunities to show their capacities and strength during PE are dependent on the students’ gender. While one of the boys and a male coach gave examples of experiences of more inclusive PE, with a potential to challenge the able-bodied norm within the subject, the gender norm remained unquestioned.  相似文献   

Feeling bad can be good?: audience research on Korean reality makeover shows,Get It Beauty and The Body Show     

Jin Lee 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2017,34(3):250-263

This paper investigates the feelings of individuals who have been exposed to the continuous demands for managing and beautifying the body. Through audience research on Korean reality shows about body/beauty, Get It Beauty and The Body Show, we attempt to understand how the discourses of body care work at the individual level. Our interviewees’ feelings of being stressed, burdened, and annoyed about the discourses in the shows signify their (un)conscious acknowledgment of the false promises of the self-care rhetoric. However, the discourses of willpower and the embedded voyeuristic pleasure of watching the shows make it difficult to place such feelings in the public domain. We conclude that individuals’ feelings lose their potential as resistant voices when “feeling bad” is discounted as personal, while a feeling of individual achievement is excessively celebrated.  相似文献   

基于身心关系的体育教育理念探析     

赵一刚 《漯河职业技术学院学报》2008,7(5):149-150

体育活动与“身心”紧密相关,具体地表征着生理与心理的内在统一性。从体育活动与人的心智发展关系上来思考,则更能看清楚体育的教育价值。  相似文献   

论循环经济立法的权义安排     

王培君 《宜宾学院学报》2007,7(9):76-78

循环经济法的主体应该包括政府、企业及社会公众.该三者于循环经济法中所承担的义务不一,政府的责任在宏观调控方面进行间接性的调整,以促进循环经济的发展;企业的义务主要在于两种方面:清洁生产的义务与生产者延伸责任.公众有责任主动地为发展循环经济做出自己的努力,并有责任协助国家或者地方政府实施有关建立循环型社会的政策和措施.  相似文献   

囚禁与突围——论"筛子"隐喻的女性身体与西苏的"身体写作"     

高明月 《绥化学院学报》2007,27(2):110-112

本文分析了古代西方神话和基督教艺术中图西亚的筛子所隐喻的女性身体的被封闭与被囚禁的状态,同时分析了当代身体写作现象中女性用身体来突围的深层意义,最后,从身体美学的角度对女性身体的囚禁与突围的两种状态进行对比和反思,探讨女性身体回归的必要性。  相似文献   

梦断女性神话——重读《牡丹亭》     

吴毓鸣 《三明学院学报》2006,23(3):287-290

汤显祖的《牡丹亭》问世以来,被视为反道学的经典,受到离经叛道者的推崇。杜丽娘成为几代女性追求的楷模。今天,以当代女性的眼光回望,穿越历史解构的合理性和当然性,对杜丽娘的喜剧命运进行女性的思考。  相似文献   

点的应力分析常见错误及对策     

鲁小芳 《重庆职业技术学院学报》2004,13(2):169-171

本文对学生在<材料力学>应力状态这一章学习中出现的错误进行了专题讨论与剖析,并提出了相应的对策.  相似文献