The influence of hip mobility and quadriceps fatigue on sagittal spinal posture and muscle activation in rugby scrum performance     

Joshua D. Clayton  Renata N. Kirkwood 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(5):603-611

Rugby Union scrumming puts the spine under a high degree of loading. The aim of the current study was to determine how sagittal hip range of motion and quadriceps fatigue influence force output, spinal posture, and activation of the trunk and quadriceps muscles in rugby scrumming. Measures of sagittal hip flexion/extension range of motion were collected from 16 male varsity and club first XV level participants. Sagittal spine motion (electromagnetic motion capture), trunk and quadriceps activation (electromyography), and applied horizontal compressive force (force plate) were measured during individual machine scrumming. Participants performed a 5-trial scrum block involving 5?s of contact with 1–2?min recovery between each trial. They then performed a fatiguing protocol (wall sit to failure) and immediately returned to the scrum machine to perform another five trials. Though there was no significant influence of fatigue on the horizontal compressive force applied during contact (P?=?.83), there was a 52% increase in cervical flexion (P?P?P?injury due to the combination of increased flexion and high-applied compressive force; a combination which has been shown to increase the likelihood of intervertebral disc herniation.  相似文献   

躯干力量和专项动作对称性对艺术体操运动员脊柱曲度异常的影响     

包蕾  刘卉  高维纬 《武汉体育学院学报》2020,54(4):74-79,100

目的:描述艺术体操运动员完成专项动作过程中的脊柱形态,结合躯干侧屈肌力的对称性特征,讨论专项动作和躯干肌力对脊柱产生的不对称负荷特征及其对脊柱曲度异常的影响。方法:红外动作捕捉系统获取脊柱椎体三维坐标,曲线拟合脊柱弯曲状态;等长肌力测试系统获得躯干两侧侧屈肌肉峰值力矩;配对t检验比较左右对称性,计算对称系数分析脊柱弯曲形态与肌肉力量的关联。结果:后扳腿动作脊柱矢状面上曲率最大椎体位置在左、右后扳腿两种情况之间存在显著相关(p=0.003),后扳、侧扳腿动作脊柱额状面上曲率最大值和对应椎体位置左右侧间均未发现显著相关、亦无显著差异。躯干处于同15°位、反15°位和反30°位进行侧屈时,右屈的肌肉峰值力矩显著大于左屈。脊柱弯曲曲率最大值和椎体位置的两侧对称系数与侧屈肌力对称系数之间均未发现显著相关。结论:艺术体操专项动作对脊柱矢状面的影响更显著,与脊柱额状面的曲度异常无直接关联。对于已经存在脊柱曲度异常的艺术体操运动员来说,不能通过对躯干侧屈肌肉力量进行对称性训练的方式,直接调整专项动作已对脊柱产生的不对称影响。  相似文献   

The diagnostic and prognostic utility of the dual-task tandem gait test for pediatric concussion     

Katie A. Van Deventer  Corrine N. Seehusen  Gregory A. Walker  Julie C. Wilson  David R. Howell 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(2):131

BackgroundThe tandem gait test has gained interest recently for assessment of concussion recovery. The purpose of our study was to determine the prognostic and diagnostic use of the single- and dual-task tandem gait test, alongside other clinical measures, within 10 days of pediatric concussion.MethodsWe assessed 126 patients post-concussion (6.3 ± 2.3 days post-injury, mean ± SD) at a pediatric sports medicine clinic and compared them to 58 healthy controls (age: 15.6 ± 1.3 years; 43% female). We also compared the 31 patients with concussion who developed persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS) (age = 14.9 ± 2.0 years; 48% female) to the 81 patients with concussion who did not develop PPCS following the initial assessment (age: 14.1 ± 3.0 years; 41% female). All subjects completed a test battery, and concussion patients were monitored until they experienced concussion-symptom resolution. The test battery included tandem gait (single-task, dual-task (performing tandem gait while concurrently completing a cognitive test) conditions), modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS), and concussion symptom assessment (Health and Behavior Inventory). We defined PPCS as symptom resolution time > 28 days post-concussion for the concussion group. Measurement outcomes included tandem gait time (single- and dual-task), dual-task cognitive accuracy, mBESS errors (single/double/tandem stances), and symptom severity.ResultsThe concussion group completed the single-task (mean difference = 9.1 s, 95% confidential interval (95%CI): 6.1–12.1) and dual-task (mean difference = 12.7 s, 95%CI: 8.7–16.8) tandem gait test more slowly than the control group. Compared to those who recovered within 28 days of concussion, the PPCS group had slower dual-task tandem gait test times (mean difference = 7.9 s, 95%CI: 2.0–13.9), made more tandem-stance mBESS errors (mean difference = 1.3 errors, 95%CI: 0.2–2.3), and reported more severe symptoms (mean difference = 26.6 Health and Behavior Inventory rating, 95%CI: 21.1–32.6).ConclusionWorse dual-task tandem gait test time and mBESS tandem stance performance predicted PPCS in pediatric patients evaluated within 10 days of concussion. Tandem gait assessments may provide valuable information augmenting common clinical practices for concussion management.  相似文献   

Isokinetic ankle eversion and inversion strength profiling of female ballet dancers     

Philip Nagy  Chris Brogden  Matt Greig 《Journal of sports sciences》2021,39(1):1-9

ABSTRACT

Ankle injuries are highly prevalent in ballet, with strength highlighted as a primary risk factor. To profile ankle strength, fourteen female ballet dancers (age: 19.29 ± 1.59 years) completed an isokinetic testing protocol comprising concentric eversion (CON_EV) and inversion (CON_INV), and, eccentric inversion (ECC_INV) trials at four angular velocities (30° · s^?1, 60° · s^?1, 90° · s^?1, 120° · s^?1) for both the dominant and non-dominant limb. In addition to Peak Torque (PT) and the corresponding Dynamic Control Ratios (DCRs), angle-specific derivatives of strength (AST) and Functional Range (FR) were calculated. There was no evidence of any significant bilateral strength asymmetry (p = 0.90) across all metrics, and no significant interactions with limb and contraction mode or velocity. A significant main effect for contraction mode (p = 0.001) highlighted greater ECC_INV strength – which was maintained with increasing isokinetic velocity – in contrast to reductions in CON_EV and CON_INV strength. Specifically, dancers are ECC_INV dominant at angular velocities greater than 60° · s^?1, which is likely to be characteristic of most functional tasks. The lack of bilateral asymmetry may be attributed to dance training interventions that facilitate bilateral development, but ipsilateral mode and velocity-specific asymmetries have implications for injury risk and the training needs of female ballet dancers.  相似文献   

离退休人员返聘的法律保障     

钟少梅 《天津职业院校联合学报》2010,12(3):82-84

2008年1月1日《劳动合同法》实施以来,离退休人员返聘现象备受各界关注,褒贬不一。在实际工作中,离退休人员接受用人单位聘用后在工作中权益受侵的案件日渐增多,矛盾日益突出。只有在劳动力权利大致平等条件的基础上,才可以引导国内劳动力市场的整体发展,促进社会的安定,营造和谐氛围。  相似文献   

重型脑损伤昏迷病人鼻饲并发症护理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

常荷 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2010,10(1):44-46

目的探讨重型脑损伤昏迷病人鼻饲及常见并发症的护理要点。方法对113例重型脑损伤鼻饲患者采取一系列护理干预措施,减少并发症的发生。结果113例鼻饲患者中出现返流14例,误吸3例,腹泻28例,胃潴留13例,脱管9例,堵管4例。结论长期鼻饲过程中并发症虽然是难以完全避免的,但大部分并发症可以通过护患双方的共同干预而减少。  相似文献   

摔跤运动员膝关节损伤的原因及预防对策     

赵红刚 《河北职业技术学院学报》2010,(1)

对南通市摔跤队与江苏省摔跤队(三跤)的68名运动员在训练中膝关节损伤特征、原因及预防措施进行调查研究。结果表明,训练中由于运动负荷大、对抗性强,膝关节经常撞击垫面,导致许多运动员膝关节受到不同程度的损伤。为了积极预防损伤的发生,必须加强膝关节周围肌肉的力量训练,重视专项素质及技术细节训练;提高自我防护意识,使其具备一定的自我诊断能力。  相似文献   

高师院校体育专业武术教学与训练中运动损伤的预防     

费战斗 《通化师范学院学报》2010,31(2):67-69

武术是高校体育专业的必修课程之一,高校武术教学是传承中华武术精神,提高学生道德修养的重要途径之一,而武术教学中损伤的经常出现成为困扰教师和学生的重要问题．文中采用调查法、文献资料法、统计法等研究方法,以皖北地区高校体育专业学生为研究对象,对武术教学中出现的损伤情况、原因及预防措施进行了系统的探讨,旨在减少武术教学中伤病的出现,更好的弘扬中华武术．  相似文献   

川芎嗪对脓毒症小鼠肺内炎症损伤的影响     

曾韬 《荆门职业技术学院学报》2010,25(2):16-19

目的：研究川芎嗪对脓毒症小鼠肺内炎症损伤的影响。方法：小鼠经腹腔注射川芎嗪后,行盲肠结扎穿孔术以诱导小鼠脓毒症。18h后处死小鼠,收集肺泡灌洗液检测蛋白浓度并计数细胞总数;肺组织匀浆检测丙二醛含量及髓过氧化物酶活性;取肺组织块称重计算湿／干重比并行HE染色、观察组织病理学改变;离心收集血浆,ELISA法检测血浆中IL-6浓度。结果：川芎嗪明显减轻脓毒症小鼠肺组织病理学损伤,降低肺组织湿／干重比、丙二醛含量及髓过氧化物酶活性,降低肺泡灌洗液中蛋白浓度及细胞总数,下调脓毒症小鼠血浆中IL-6水平。结论：川芎嗪可有效抑制脓毒症小鼠肺内和全身炎症反应,减轻肺组织损伤。  相似文献   

浅谈篮球运动的损伤与预防     

黄淑金 《宁德师专学报(自然科学版)》2009,21(4):439-442

随着全民体育健身计划的全面推行,体育教育改革的深入发展．篮球运动作为一项重要而且普及的运动项目受到越来越多人的喜爱,同时运动损伤的发生又是不可避免的．因此,如何科学、合理、系统地进行篮球教学、训练、运动,最大限度地避免或减少运动损伤的发生,是我们体育教师、教练员以及广大篮球爱好者应该引起重视、预防和解决的一个重要课题．  相似文献