德王成为百灵庙自治运动领袖的原因     

王英维 《包头职业技术学院学报》2013,14(1):1-4,7

德王成为百灵庙自治运动领袖的原因有:一则德王个人素质高,多才多艺,思想上趋新入时,且政治野心大,个人魅力十足;二则注重扩大个人军事实力,注重外交影响;三则打着复兴民族的旗号,深得蒙古知识青年的支持;四则尊礼班禅,以此号令蒙古王公,支持百灵庙自治运动。  相似文献   

核心力量对游泳运动员身体姿势影响因素分析     

赵洪民;黄波 《湖北体育科技》2013,(8):715-717

根据国内外相关文献研究,结合运动生物力学原理,探究核心力量训练对游泳运动员身体位置的作用及训练方法,筛选出更适用于游泳项目的核心力量训练方法,着重强调指导基层二线或三线运动员力量训练。  相似文献   

高校实施武术段位制课程教学的SWOT分析     

席饼嗣 《搏击·武术科学》2013,(11):42-44,58

武术段位制既有以考试内容系统传承武术技术和武术文化的作用,又有着以考试标准引导科学健身和逐步提高武术水平的作用。因此,武术段位制引入高校武术教学也是必然趋势。文章以武术段位制课程教学为研究内容,运用SWOT分析法对当前高校武术段位制课程实施的内部环境（优势、劣势）和外部条件（机遇、风险）进行分析,提出完善考评制度、加强段位制课程师资队伍建设、充实段位制课程教材、统筹段位考评机构等手段,旨在为武术段位制课程在高校更好开展,更广泛地被运用于更多高校的武术教学实践提供理论依据,为推广武术段位制提供更好的服务。  相似文献   

力量训练的营养恢复     

刘尧  荣明  唐宝盛 《冰雪运动》2013,(3):53-56

科学合理的营养补充是运动员取得良好运动成绩的前提条件。通过营养素的使用,使运动员能够跟上训练节奏,较好地完成教练员的训练计划。通过长期的运动训练实践,总结出如何进行力量训练的营养补充,以及达到怎样的恢复效果。有针对性的、合理的营养素（糖、电解质、维生素等）补充,可以帮助运动员加快运动后疲劳的恢复。  相似文献   

Effect of time-of-day-specific strength training on maximum strength and EMG activity of the leg extensors in men     

Milan Sedliak  Taija Finni  Jussi Peltonen  Keijo Häkkinen 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(10):1005-1014

Abstract

In this study, we examined the effects of time-of-day-specific strength training on maximum strength and electromyography (EMG) of the knee extensors in men. After a 10-week preparatory training period (training times 17:00–19:00 h), 27 participants were randomized into a morning (07:00–09:00 h, n = 14) and an evening group (17:00–19.00 h, n = 13). Both groups then underwent 10 weeks of time-of-day-specific training. A matched control group (n = 7) completed all testing but did not train. Unilateral isometric knee extension peak torque (MVC) and one-repetition maximum half-squat were assessed before and after the preparatory training and after the time-of-day-specific training at times that were not training-specific (between 09:00 and 16:00 h). During training-specific hours, peak torque and EMG during MVC and submaximum isometric contraction at 40% MVC were assessed before and after the time-of-day-specific training. The main finding was that a significant diurnal difference (P < 0.01) in peak torque between the 07:00 and 17:00 h tests decreased after time-of-day-specific training in the morning group but not in the evening or control groups. However, the extent of this time-of-day-specific adaptation varied between individuals. Electromyography during MVC did not show any time-of-day-specific adaptation, suggesting that peripheral rather than neural adaptations are the main source of temporal specificity in strength training.  相似文献   

The Research Quarterly and Its Antecedents     

Roberta J. Park 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):1-22

Abstract

In this introductory article to the 50th Anniversary Issue, Roberta J. Park traces the efforts of professional physical education organizations, especially at the national level, to accommodate scholarly/research interests. She describes the forerunner of the Research Quarterly and the way in which efforts led to establishment of a research journal. Park tells the history of the Quarterly since its inception in 1930 and notes a number of concerns related to its operations and policies that have been periodically expressed over the past 50 years. Several of these issues have assumed increasing importance as a result of the knowledge explosion in the various subdisciplines in physical education, along with the problems associated with expanding our national organization and its ability to serve all of its interest groups.  相似文献   

Fatigue effects upon sticking region and electromyography in a six-repetition maximum bench press     

Roland van den Tillaar  Atle Hole Saeterbakken 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(16):1823-1830

Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the sticking region and concomitant neuromuscular activation of the prime movers during six-repetition maximum (RM) bench pressing. We hypothesised that both peak velocities would decrease and that the electromyography (EMG) of the prime movers (deltoid, major pectoralis and triceps) would increase during the pre-sticking and sticking region during the six repetitions due to fatigue. Thirteen resistance-trained males (age 22.8 ± 2.2 years, stature 1.82 ± 0.06 m, body mass 83.4 ± 7.6 kg) performed 6-RM bench presses. Barbell kinematics and EMG activity of pectoralis major, deltoid anterior, and triceps brachii during the pre-, sticking and post-sticking region of each repetition in a 6-RM bench press were analysed. For both the sticking as the post-sticking region, the time increased significantly from the first to the sixth repetition. Vertical barbell height at the start of sticking region was lower, while the height at the end of the sticking region and post-sticking region did not change during the six repetitions. It was concluded that in 6-RM bench pressing performance, the sticking region is a poor mechanical force region due to the unchanged barbell height at the end of the sticking region. Furthermore, when fatigue occurs, the pectoralis and the deltoid muscles are responsible for surpassing the sticking region as indicated by their increased activity during the pre- and sticking region during the six-repetitions bench press.  相似文献   

Effect of Weight Training on Self-Concept: A Profile of those Influenced Most     

Larry A. Tucker 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):389-397

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of weight training on the self-concepts of college males. Another purpose was to identify the types of males, relative to measures of extroversion, neuroticism, body cathexis, somatotype, and muscular strength, who experience the most improvement in self-concept during a lifting program. Subjects of the experimental group (n = 113) trained with weights twice each week for 16 weeks, while controls (n = 127) were educated relative to personal health concepts. The results revealed significant posttest differences in global, internal, and external self-concept between the groups, confirming the hypothesis that regular weight training is positively associated with the improvement of self-concept. Pretest body cathexis, self-concept, and neuroticism scores were significant predictors of global self-concept change from the pretest to the posttest, whereas pretest measures of extroversion, somatotype, and muscular strength were not. Changes in neuroticism, body cathexis, and muscular strength scores were significant predictors of self-concept change, while extroversion change was not, indicating that the positive association between weight training and self-concept enhancement is multivariately determined, and that some types of males experience more improvement of self-concept than others during a weight training regime.  相似文献   

Part I: Biomechanics     

T. Asai  H. Nunome  S. S. Matsubara  M. Lake 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(6):485-500

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the sequence of strength training before endurance training (ST/ET) is more or less effective than endurance training followed by strength training (ET/ST). Twenty‐three females and 11 males were assigned to one of three groups: ST/ET (n= 15), ET/ST (n= 15) or control (n = 4). The 7‐week training programme consisted of strength training using 10 exercises for two sets of 3–12 repetitions and running for 20–25 min at 60–90% of heart rate reserve. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max) was measured during a graded treadmill test, and muscular strength was assessed using one‐repetition maximum tests for the bench press (BP), shoulder press (SP), arm curl (AC) and leg press (LP). The VO₂ max significantly (P < 0.05) increased 6.7 and 6.2% for the ST/ET and ET/ST groups, respectively. There was no significant (P > 0.05) difference between the two experimental groups. Muscular strength significantly (P <0.05) improved by 15.2% (BP), 16.6% (SP), 17.2% (AC) and 11.9% (LP) for the ST/ET group and 19.9% (BP), 24.1% (SP), 20.9% (AC) and 14.0% (LP) for the ET/ST group. There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences between the two experimental groups for the BP, AC and LP; however, the ET/ST group increased (P < 0.05) SP strength more than the ST/ET group. In conclusion, adaptations to a combination of short‐term endurance and strength training as assessed by VO₂ max and BP, AC and LP strength appear to be independent of whether endurance training occurs prior to or following strength training.  相似文献   

Maximal strength and cortisol responses to psyching-up during the squat exercise     

Michael R McGuigan  Jamie Ghiagiarelli  David Tod 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):687-692

We studied the effect of psyching-up on one-repetition maximum (1-RM) performance and salivary cortisol responses during the squat exercise. Ten men (age 21.6?±?1.4 years; mean?±?s) and ten women (age 22.4?±?2.8 years) with weight training experience of 4.5?±?2.0 years participated in this study. One-repetition maximum squats were performed on a Smith machine during each of two different intervention conditions that were counterbalanced and consisted of a free choice psych-up and a cognitive distraction. Saliva samples were obtained at the beginning of each test session and immediately after the final 1-RM attempt. No significant difference in 1-RM was identified between psyching-up (104?±?50?kg) and cognitive distraction (106?±?52?kg). Performing a 1-RM in the squat exercise significantly increased salivary cortisol concentrations during both conditions (P <?0.05). There was no significant difference in salivary cortisol responses between conditions. These results suggest that psyching-up does not increase 1-RM performance during the squat exercise in strength-trained individuals.  相似文献