排序方式： 共有7条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1
1.
Li Chao Brant Eleanor Budak Hikmet Zhang Baohong 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2021,22(4):253-284
Since it was first recognized in bacteria and archaea as a mechanism for innate viral immunity in the early 2010 s,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas) has rapidly been developed into a robust, multifunctional genome editing tool with many uses. Following the discovery of the initial CRISPR/Cas-based system, the technology has been advanced to facilitate a multitude of different functions. These include development as a base editor, prime editor, epigenetic editor, and CRISPR interference(CRISPRi) and CRISPR activator(CRISPRa) gene regulators. It can also be used for chromatin and RNA targeting and imaging. Its applications have proved revolutionary across numerous biological fields, especially in biomedical and agricultural improvement. As a diagnostic tool, CRISPR has been developed to aid the detection and screening of both human and plant diseases, and has even been applied during the current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic. CRISPR/Cas is also being trialed as a new form of gene therapy for treating various human diseases, including cancers, and has aided drug development. In terms of agricultural breeding, precise targeting of biological pathways via CRISPR/Cas has been key to regulating molecular biosynthesis and allowing modification of proteins, starch, oil, and other functional components for crop improvement. Adding to this, CRISPR/Cas has been shown capable of significantly enhancing both plant tolerance to environmental stresses and overall crop yield via the targeting of various agronomically important gene regulators. Looking to the future, increasing the efficiency and precision of CRISPR/Cas delivery systems and limiting off-target activity are two major challenges for wider application of the technology. This review provides an in-depth overview of current CRISPR development, including the advantages and disadvantages of the technology,recent applications, and future considerations. 相似文献
2.
Rebecca McGraw Kathleen Lynch Yusuf Koc Ayfer Budak Catherine A. Brown 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2007,10(2):95-121
In this study, we consider the potential of multimedia cases as tools for teacher professional development. Specifically,
we examined online and face-to-face discussions that occurred within groups composed of pre-service mathematics teachers,
in-service mathematics teachers, mathematicians, and mathematics teacher educators. Discussions within these heterogeneous
groups tended to focus on issues of classroom implementation of the tasks shown in the multimedia case. Secondary foci of
discussion included task characteristics and appropriateness of tasks for engaging students in thinking about mathematical
concepts and processes. Analysis of contributions to discussions across group member type revealed differences that suggest
that the variety of backgrounds and experiences of group members can blend in ways that support rich and critical discussions
of mathematics, teaching, and learning. 相似文献
3.
Ka?an Huysal Yasemin U Budak 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2015,25(3):416-420
Introduction
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentrations measured in clinical chemistry laboratories show large differences between their interlaboratory reported values. Laboratory measurements of quality performance should be based on quantitative data. The sigma metrics model provides an objective method for the assessment of current HbA1c assays and is useful in quality management planning. The aim of our study was to evaluate the analytical performance of the MQ-2000 PT HbA1c analyzer test results in the context of our operating conditions on the sigma scale.Materials and methods
The coefficient of variation was determined from the calculated mean and standard deviation evaluated from internal quality control (QC) (N = 168 days) (Shanghai Huachen Biological Reagent Co. Ltd, China) data, and records of external quality data (KBUDEK, İstanbul, Turkey) measured in the period from May to November 2013 were used to determine the bias. The resulting data and total allowable error rate (TEA = 10%) from the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA’88) were used to calculate the sigma level.Results
The calculated coefficient of variations (CVs) at the two levels, normal (QC1 = 36.6 ± 2.38 mmol/mol) and pathological (QC2 = 84.7 ± 2.68 mmol/mol), were 6.5% and 3.1%, respectively. The average bias between the external QC and MQ-2000 PT during the study period was 4.3%. The calculated average sigma value was 1.19.Conclusions
The MQ-2000 PT HbA1c is a new analyser in the market; there is need for improvement and the method should be controlled with greater attention to ensure quality.Key words: diabetes mellitus, hemoglobin A1c protein, human, chromatography, high pressure liquid chromatography 相似文献4.
Yasemin U Budak Ka?an Huysal Hakan Demirci 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2015,25(1):97-102
Background
In heart failure patients, mean platelet volume (MPV) may reflect increased platelet activation or increased numbers of large, hyper-aggregable platelets. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentration in blood is a sensitive and specific marker of heart failure, correlating with the severity and prognosis of illness, in patients presenting with acute dyspnea to the emergency department. This study evaluated the correlation between BNP concentration and MPV.Material and methods
Data were collected from 319 patients admitted to the emergency department of a cardiology hospital from January–July 2014. EDTA blood samples drawn at admission were analyzed using automated hematology system, and BNP concentration was measured using a fluorescence immunoassay.Results
The study included 190 patients with and 129 without acute heart failure (AHF). These groups had BNP concentration of 200-5000 ng/L and 5-98 ng/L, respectively. MPV levels were significantly higher in the AHF group (P < 0.001). BNP concentrations were positively correlated with MPV (r = 0.41, P < 0.001) and neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio (r = 0.38, P < 0.001).Conclusion
Increased MPV values correlate with BNP concentration, an indicator of HF severity and clinical status, in patients with AHF admitted to the emergency department.Key words: natriuretic peptide, brain; heart failure; platelet; mean platelet volume 相似文献5.
Budak YU Huysal K Polat M Tarakçi G Uçar H 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2012,22(1):121-126
Introduction
The aim of the present study was to validate prothrombin time (PT) international normalized ratio (INR) results obtained using Steelex test reagents and a Steelex coagulometer (Steelex Scientific Instrument Company, Beijing, China), in comparison with use of a well-established standard test employing Pacific Hemostasis reagents (Fisher Diagnostics, Middletown, VA, USA) and Teco Coatron A4 coagulometer (Teco Medical Instruments GmbH, Neufahrn, Germany).Materials and methods:
Between- and within-day coefficients of variation (CVs) of both assays were calculated using control samples provided by the test manufacturers. Samples from 90 subjects were collected and INR values were determined in a double-blind parallel manner employing both systems.Results:
The within-day coefficients of variation (CVs) in INR estimates ranged from 2.6% (INR = 1.12) to 3.1% (INR = 2.51) for the Steelex system and from 2.1% (INR = 1.09) to 1.8% (INR = 2.8) for the Pacific test; the between-day values ran from 3.4% (INR = 1.16) to 7.9% (INR = 2.64) and from 3.3% (INR = 1.1) to 2.3% (INR = 2.7), respectively. Passing-Bablok fit of the of the Steelex and Pacific methods yielded the equation: Steelex INR = 0.85 (0.79–0.91) × Pacific INR + 0.12 (−0.02–0.21), whereas the CUSUM linearity P value was < 0.01. The mean bias as determined by the Bland-Altman test was −0.156 (−0.912–0.600).Conclusion:
The results obtained using Steelex reagents and the M600H coagulometer are not equivalent to those obtained using Pacific Hemostasis reagents and a Teco Coatron A4 coagulometer, at least in the therapeutic range. 相似文献6.
Yusuf Budak Corresponding author 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2005,28(1):23-33
The teachers of living languages play an intercultural role. In order to perform their task fully, it is necessary that their process of instruction be planned in the light of the pedagogical sciences. These sciences suggest the concept of a curriculum which contains interdependent elements. Therefore, a programme aimed at training teachers of foreign languages should not be regarded as a simple instrument and should not be reduced to a list of subject matter to be taught. It must be designed in such a way as to satisfy the professional needs of teachers of foreign languages in the future. Thus, one must replace the concept of a programme by that of a curriculum comprising a systematic construction.
Les enseignants de langues vivantes jouent un rôle interculturel. Pour qu'ils remplissent pleinement leur tâche, il faut planifier leur formation sous la lumière des sciences pédagogiques. Elles nous suggèrent le concept de curriculum qui contient certains éléments interdépendants. De ce fait, un programme tendant à former les enseignants des langues vivantes ne doit pas être considéré comme un instrument si simple et réduit en une liste de matière à enseigner. Il doit être conçue de manière à satisfaire les besoins professionnels et éducatifs des futurs enseignants des langues vivantes.
Die Fremdsprachenlehrer spielen in der Schulpraxis eine interculturelle rolle. Daher muß die Lehrerausbildung unter Berücksichtigung der Erziehungswissenschaften dermaßen geplant sein, dass die Fremdsprachenlehrer dieser Aufgabe nachkommen können. Nach Erkenntnissen der Erziehungswissenschaften ist die Entwicklung eines Studienplans, der aus in einem Zusammenhang stehenden Komponenten besteht, unerlablässlich. Aus diesem Grund darf der Studienplan nicht als ein einfaches Medium und als eine bloße Themenlist betrachtet werden. Der Studienplan ist dermaßen zu entwerfen, dass er den beruflichen Bedürfnissen der Fremdsprachenlehrer entspricht.
Los profesores de idiomas extranjeros juegan un rol intercultural. Para llevar a cabo esta tarea completamente, su educación debe ser planificada bajo la luz de las ciencias pedagógicas. Las Ciencias Pedagógicas nos sugieren el concepto de programa educacional que contiene elementos interdependientes. Por esta razón, un programa guiado a educar a los profesores de idiomas extranjeros no puede considerarse como un simple instrumento y no puede ser reducido a una lista de materias a enseñar. Entonces el programa debe ser diseñado para satisfacer las necesidades profesionales y educativas de los profesores de idiomas extranjeros. 相似文献
7.
Ka?an Huysal Yasemin U. Budak Ayse Ulusoy Karaca Murat Aydos Serdar Kahvecio?lu Mehtap Bulut Murat Polat 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2013,23(2):211-217
Introduction
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common types of infection. Currently, diagnosis is primarily based on microbiologic culture, which is time- and labor-consuming. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of urinalysis results from UriSed (77 Electronica, Budapest, Hungary), an automated microscopic image-based sediment analyzer, in predicting positive urine cultures.Materials and methods:
We examined a total of 384 urine specimens from hospitalized patients and outpatients attending our hospital on the same day for urinalysis, dipstick tests and semi-quantitative urine culture. The urinalysis results were compared with those of conventional semi-quantitative urine culture.Results:
Of 384 urinary specimens, 68 were positive for bacteriuria by culture, and were thus considered true positives. Comparison of these results with those obtained from the UriSed analyzer indicated that the analyzer had a specificity of 91.1%, a sensitivity of 47.0%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 53.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 40.8–65.3), and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 88.8% (95% Cl = 85.0–91.8%). The accuracy was 83.3% when the urine leukocyte parameter was used, 76.8% when bacteriuria analysis of urinary sediment was used, and 85.1% when the bacteriuria and leukocyturia parameters were combined. The presence of nitrite was the best indicator of culture positivity (99.3% specificity) but had a negative likelihood ratio of 0.7, indicating that it was not a reliable clinical test.Conclusions:
Although the specificity of the UriSed analyzer was within acceptable limits, the sensitivity value was low. Thus, UriSed urinalysis results do not accurately predict the outcome of culture. 相似文献
1