儿童青少年运动员的营养需要     

Oded Bar-Or　Linda Houtkooper　Susan Barr　Anita Rivera-Brown　Michael Bergeron　Tom Rowland　Ruth Carey　Suzanne Steen　Priscilla Clarkson 《体育科学》2001,21(5):89-93

1. 儿童青少年运动员应该食用多样化的食物，其中，蛋白质应占膳食总能量的12％-15％，碳水化合物至少占55％，而脂肪至多占30％。日常生活中如何吃才能满足这些要求呢？膳食指南宝塔提供了一条可行之道。2.有些营养素对热爱运动的儿童青少年运动员非常重要，要保证摄入充足，这些营养素是碳水化合物（包括纤维素）、维生素B6、维生素D、铁、钙、镁、锌、铬。科学合理、包罗各类食物的平衡膳食，对青少年运动员最大程度地全面摄取各种营养素，满足生长发育和运动训练的需要，是非常必要的。3.鼓励儿童青少年运动员在运动训练前、中、后进行补液，以避免脱水的发生。4.如果膳食合理平衡，就没必要额外补充营养品。  相似文献   

Designing a search strategy to identify and retrieve articles onevidence-based health care using MEDLINE     

Jane Harrison 《Health information and libraries journal》1997,14(1):33-42

Thepractice of evidence-based health care requires that information on methodology be identifiedfrom databases such as MEDLINE. Up until this year there have been no designated medicalsubject headings (MeSH) for evidence-based health care. ‘EVIDENCE-BASEDMEDICINE’ appears as a MeSH term from 1997. The absence of designated MeSH forthis concept prior to 1997 provides a challenge to the searcher. This paper describes the creationof a MEDLINE search strategy to retrieve articles on the methods of evidence-based health carepublished prior to the introduction of the new term, where an optimal combination of free-textand MeSH terms is required to identify relevant material. The study examines both free-text andsubject heading searching and attempts an optimal balance of sensitivity and specificity. It beginsby examining separate free-text and subject heading searches. Sensitivity of the subject headingsearch was 33% and specificity 80%, while the free-text search produced asensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 67%. The final strategy, combining bothapproaches, was more successful with sensitivity reaching between 82 and 90% andspecificity 83%. It is therefore possible to devise a search strategy to retrieve articles on themethods of evidence-based health care with relatively successful rates of sensitivity andspecificity. The limitations of MEDLINE, however, necessitate the use of additional approachesin identifying articles on the methods of evidence-based health care.  相似文献   

The Assessment of Learning Dispositions in the Classroom     

Linda Allal 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2002,9(1):55-58

This commentary highlights several important contributions of the Carr & Claxton article as well as issues that need further clarification. It examines the concept of dispositions as a focus of learning and assessment, the procedures proposed for assessing dispositions and the implications of different functions of assessment for the construction and use of portfolios.  相似文献   

Antecedent and consequent stimuli in teacher-child dyads     

M F Harrison  T L Layton  T D Taylor 《American annals of the deaf》1987,132(3):227-231

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Café conversation: 'Talk about talk' in the primary school — an opportunity to refine children's knowledge of register and genre in diverse social settings     

Linda Pagett 《English in Education》1992,26(2):62-67

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Food for Fiction: Lessons from Ernest Hemingway's Writing     

Linda Underhill  Jeanne Nakjavani 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》1992,15(2):87-90

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Disabled Children and Residential Schools: The Implications for Local Education Professionals     

Jenny Morris  David Abbott  Linda Ward 《British Journal of Special Education》2003,30(2):70-75

Jenny Morris, freelance researcher, David Abbott, research associate at the Norah Fry Research Centre at the University of Bristol, and Linda Ward, Director of the Norah Fry Research Centre at the University of Bristol, carried out research to look at whether the current system of legislation and regulation is adequately protecting and promoting the interests of disabled children placed at residential schools. This article summarises some findings from the research which investigated the decision-making processes leading to residential special school placements and explored the involvement of education and social services authorities after placements have been made. The research found that the needs of individual children are not central to these decision-making processes; and that the local authorities who make such placements do not pay sufficient attention to protecting and promoting children's educational or care needs once they have gone away to school. Jenny Morris, David Abbott and Linda Ward indicate some of the ways in which current practice could be improved; make recommendations for future developments; and call for further research into the role of special residential schools in the context of policy on educational and social inclusion.  相似文献   

Editorial: Cross-Cultural Psychometrics     

Linda Crocker 《Educational Measurement》1997,16(1):4-4

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推倒"沉默墙"做好灾难恢复计划     

Linda Cemi 《信息系统工程》2006,(4):68-70

由于宕机而导致业务中断的情况不断出现，灾难恢复已经成为许多IT经理考虑的头等大事。这种情况在2005年也不例外。自然灾害．人类冲突和经常爆发的安全漏洞攻击都促使各种类型和规模的机构意识到需要实施或提高其综合业务连续性计划．其中包括IT灾难恢复计划。  相似文献   

The publishing imperative: the pervasive influence of publication metrics     

Colin Steele  Linda Butler  Danny Kingsley 《Learned Publishing》2006,19(4):277-290

This article summarizes the effects of the increasing global trend towards measuring research quality and effectiveness through, in particular, publication‐based metrics, and its effects on scholarly communication. Such metrics are increasingly influencing the behaviour patterns of administrators, publishers, librarians, and researchers. Impact and citation measures, which often rely solely on Thomson Scientific data, are examined in the context of university league tables and research assessment exercises. The need to establish alternate metrics, particularly for the social sciences and humanities, is emphasized, as is an holistic approach to scholarly communication agenda.  相似文献