排序方式： 共有17条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Lukas Anschuetz Sören Huwendiek Daniel Stricker Abraam Yacoub Wilhelm Wimmer Marco Caversaccio 《Anatomical sciences education》2019,12(5):507-517
Teaching methodologies for the anatomy of the middle ear have not been investigated greatly due to the middle ear’s highly complex structure and hidden location inside of the temporal bone. The aim of this randomized study was to quantitatively compare the suitability of using microscope- and endoscope-based methods for teaching the anatomy of the middle ear. We hypothesize that the endoscopic approach will be more efficient compared to the microscopic approach. To answer the study questions, 33 sixth-year medical students, residents and otorhinolaryngology specialists were randomized either into the endoscopy or the microscopy group. Their anatomical knowledge was assessed using a structured anatomical knowledge test before and after each session. Each participant received tutoring on a human cadaveric specimen using one of the two methods. They then performed a hands-on dissection. After 2–4 weeks, the same educational curriculum was repeated using the other technique. The mean gains in anatomical knowledge for the specialists, residents, and medical students were +19.0%, +34.6%, and +23.4%, respectively. Multivariate analyses identified a statistically significant increase in performance for the endoscopic method compared to the microscopic technique (P < 0.001). For the recall of anatomical structures during dissection, the endoscopic method outperformed the microscopic technique independently of the randomization or the prior training level of the attendees (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the endoscopic approach to middle ear anatomy education is associated to an improved gain in knowledge as compared to the microscopic approach. The participants subjectively preferred the endoscope for educational purposes. 相似文献
2.
Martin J. Doherty Marina C. Wimmer Cornelia Gollek Charlotte Stone Elizabeth J. Robinson 《Child development》2021,92(1):205-221
Jigsaw puzzles are ubiquitous developmental toys in Western societies, used here to examine the development of metarepresentation. For jigsaw puzzles this entails understanding that individual pieces, when assembled, produce a picture. In Experiment 1, 3- to 5-year-olds (N = 117) completed jigsaw puzzles that were normal, had no picture, or comprised noninterlocking rectangular pieces. Pictorial puzzle completion was associated with mental and graphical metarepresentational task performance. Guide pictures of completed pictorial puzzles were not useful. In Experiment 2, 3- to 4-year-olds (N = 52) completed a simplified task, to choose the correct final piece. Guide-use associated with age and specifically graphical metarepresentation performance. We conclude that the pragmatically natural measure of jigsaw puzzle completion ability demonstrates general and pictorial metarepresentational development at 4 years. 相似文献
3.
The concept of death in early childhood 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
4.
Heinz Wimmer 《Reading and writing》1996,8(2):171-188
The present study retrospectively examined early difficulties with phonological coding and phonemic segmentation of German children who after four years in school were diagnosed as dyslexic. German, in comparison to English, exhibits rather simple and straight-forward grapheme-phoneme correspondences, and the initial teaching approach was phonics oriented. Despite these favorable circumstances for the acquisition of phonological coding, the majority of the later dyslexic children had particular difficulties with the accurate reading of nonwords and of unfamiliar words after about seven months of reading instruction. However, there were enormous differences between the dyslexic children. Two of them were completely unable to blend phonemes into pronunciations, another seven were slow and error prone decoders, and three children had slow and laborious pronunciation assembly as the core problem. The majority of the later dyslexic children also exhibited phonemic segmentation deficits as tested with a nonword spelling task and a phoneme reversal task. In correspondence with findings from older German dyslexic children, the early difficulties with accurate phonological coding and phonemic segmentation were no longer found at the end of grade four. Children then suffered from very slow reading and poor spelling. In general, the difficulties of German dyslexic children emphasize the phonological impairment account of dyslexia. More specifically, these findings suggest that the assembly of letter sounds into pronunciations is particularly affected in the early phase of learning to read a consistent orthography. 相似文献
5.
Roger Wimmer 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(3):385-386
Diverse viewpoints have emerged over whether male or female characters endure the brunt of the violence depicted in the subgenre of horror movies commonly referred to as “slasher” films. In order to address this issue, a content analysis of 10 slasher movies was conducted. Although the data reveal that death and destruction are predominant components of slasher films, there is no evidence of a systematic bias in the appearances or deaths of protagonists as a function of gender. Other content attributes of these films are examined and their implications discussed. 相似文献
6.
The outcome of a training study attempting to increase German speaking poor readers’ reading fluency is reported. The aim
of the training was to help children establish orthographic representations for a limited set of training words as well as
for high-frequency onset clusters. A sample of 20 dysfluent readers (8 to 11 years) received a computerized training of repeated
reading of a limited set of 32 training words over a period of up to 25 days. Each day, training words were presented up to
six times with a special emphasis on the onset segment. Post-tests were carried out one and five weeks after the last training
day. A considerable decrease in reading times could be achieved for the trained words that remained stable for both post-tests.
However, even for the limited set of training words, a remarkable amount of repetitions did not lead to age adequate word
recognition speed. Generalization to untrained words starting with a trained onset cluster (transfer words) was statistically
reliable but small.
The current study was funded by the Jubilee Fund of the Austrian National Bank (grant no. 8501). Karin Landerl is currently
supported by an APART-grant of the Austrian Academy of Science. 相似文献
7.
Sigrid Wimmer Manuela Paechter Helmut K. Lackner Ilona Papousek 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2020,14(1):5-15
Exams often trigger avoidance motivation and a tendency to withdraw; instead, an approach‐oriented motivational state would be more desirable, since this encourages an invigorated and persistent approach to tasks. This study investigated the role of academic self‐concept on the activation of relative approach versus avoidance motivation during the course of an exam‐like situation. In 62 university students (50 women), academic self‐concept was assessed using self‐ratings, and activation of approach versus avoidance motivation was assessed by using the electroencephalogram alpha asymmetry response. Academic self‐concept proved to be an important moderator of motivational responses during the challenging situation. A more negative self‐concept was related to sustained decrease in approach motivation, to rumination, and to worsened mood. In contrast, a positive self‐concept was related to more positive mood and activation of approach motivation even beyond task completion. The findings have educational implications, for instance, for the design of exams and performance feedback. 相似文献
8.
9.
Roger D. Wimmer 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(3):313-322
All of the media were significant contributors to the information of older voters in the 1972 campaign. There was a strong relationship between media usage, political interest level, and when a person decided on a candidate. Roger Wimmer is a Ph.D candidate in radio‐television at Bowling Green State University in Ohio. The author wishes to thank Drs. Ray Tucker and David Clark for their comments. 相似文献
10.
Martin Wimmer Pia Ehrnlechner Armin Fischer Alfons Kemper 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2005,92(3):167-181
Die plattformunabh?ngige und organisationsübergreifende Web Services-Interoperabilit?t setzt ein leistungsf?higes und flexibles
Autorisierungssystem voraus. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Zugriffskontrollsystem vorgestellt, welches sich durch das Zusammenspiel
lokaler und verteilter Autorisierung auszeichnet. Im Zusammenhang mit lokaler Zugriffskontrolle, bei der Rechte innerhalb
einer Organisation ausgewertet werden, stellt sich insbesondere die Herausforderung, Autorisierungsregeln zu konsolidieren:
Da die Funktionalit?t von Web Services h?ufig auf weitere Anwendungen und Betriebsmittel wie Datenbanksystemen aufsetzt, ergeben
sich Abh?ngigkeiten bezüglich der Autorisierung, die überprüft und eingehalten werden müssen. über eine verteilte Zugriffskontrolle
wird der Aufbau von Kollaborationsnetzwerken erm?glicht. Der Augenmerk liegt im Folgenden auf schwach gekoppelten Zusammenschlüssen,
die die Autonomie der beteiligten Organisationen beibeh?lt. Skalierbarkeit und Effizenz werden durch den Einsatz von rollenbasierter
Zugriffskontrolle einerseits und dem Caching ?hnlicher, wiederkehrender Autorisierungen andererseits erreicht. 相似文献