The neural correlates of working memory training in typically developing children     

Jonathan S. Jones  Anna-Lynne R. Adlam  Abdelmalek Benattayallah  Fraser N. Milton 《Child development》2022,93(3):815-830

Working memory training improves children's cognitive performance on untrained tasks; however, little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. This was investigated in 32 typically developing children aged 10–14 years (19 girls and 13 boys) using a randomized controlled design and multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (Devon, UK; 2015–2016). Training improved working memory performance and increased intrinsic functional connectivity between the bilateral intraparietal sulci. Furthermore, improvements in working memory were associated with greater recruitment of the left middle frontal gyrus on a complex span task. Repeated engagement of fronto-parietal regions during training may increase their activity and functional connectivity over time, affording greater working memory performance. The plausibility of generalizable cognitive benefits from a neurobiological perspective and implications for neurodevelopmental theory are discussed.  相似文献   

Refugees in Context: A Systemic,Intersectional Exploration of Discrimination in the United States     

Interiano-Shiverdecker  Claudia G.  Kondili  Elvita  Bazzi  Reyma 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2022,44(2):263-282

International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling - The goal of this study was to examine how individual, community, and socio-political mechanisms of discrimination intersect, manifest, and...  相似文献   

A Symbiosis of Access: Proliferating STEM PhD Training in the U.S. from 1920–2010     

Fernandez  Frank  Baker  David P.  Fu  Yuan-Chih  Muñoz  Ismael G.  Ford  Karly Sarita 《Minerva》2021,59(1):79-98

Minerva - Over the course of the 20th century, unprecedented growth in scientific discovery was fueled by broad growth in the number of university-based scientists. During this period the American...  相似文献   

A Typology of State Financial Aid Grant Programs Using Latent Class Analysis     

Custer  Bradley D.  Akaeze  Hope O. 《Research in higher education》2021,62(2):175-205

Research in Higher Education - State financial aid grant programs are commonly categorized as either need-based, merit-based, or both, but their initial eligibility requirements include many more...  相似文献   

Genetic Polymorphism of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptors and Their Effect on the Clinical Outcome of Captopril Treatment in Arab Iraqi Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (Mid Euphrates)     

Fadhaa A. Ghafil  Bassim I. Mohammad  Hussain S. Al-Janabi  Najah R. Hadi  Hayder A. Al-Aubaidy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(1):81

Genetic variation in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) has an important effect on the outcome of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) initiated treatment with captopril. This study aims to investigate the impact of genetic polymorphism of AT1R (rs5186 and rs275651) on the ACS outcome in Iraqi patients treated with captopril. A total of 250 Iraqi individuals with ACS were included in this case—control study and they were divided into two study groups; Study group 1 included 125 participants who were prescribed captopril, 25 mg twice daily and study group 2 included 125 participants who received no captopril as part of their ACS treatment (control study). The AT1R gene (rs5186) CC genotype was found to be associated with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (Odd’s ratio (O.R) = 1.2, P = 0.7), while AC was associated with Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina (UA) (O.R = 1.2, P = 0.8). AC genotype is more prone to have Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after ACS attack (O.R = 1.2, P = 0.6). CC genotype had a risk to get less improvement (O.R = 1.6, P = 0.5), so might require higher doses of captopril during acute coronary insult. The AT1R gene (rs275651) AA genotype was associated with UA (O.R = 1.3, P = 0.9). AA and AT genotypes were more prone to have PCI after ACS attack (O.R = 3.9 P = 0.2, O.R = 3.5, P = 0.3 respectively) and thus requiring higher doses of captopril. We conclude that the AT1R rs5186, rs275651 genetic polymorphisms might partially affect the clinical outcome of ACS patients treated with captopril and might have captopril resistance which requires higher doses.  相似文献   

Digital Module 16: Longitudinal Data Analysis     

Jeffrey R. Harring  Tessa L. Johnson 《Educational Measurement》2020,39(3):137-138

In this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Jeffrey Harring and Ms. Tessa Johnson introduce the linear mixed effects (LME) model as a flexible general framework for simultaneously modeling continuous repeated measures data with a scientifically defensible function that adequately summarizes both individual change as well as the average response. The module begins with a nontechnical overview of longitudinal data analyses drawing distinctions with cross-sectional analyses in terms of research questions to be addressed. Nuances of longitudinal designs, timing of measurements, and the real possibility of missing data are then discussed. The three interconnected components of the LME model—(1) a model for individual and mean response profiles, (2) a model to characterize the covariation among the time-specific residuals, and (3) a set of models that summarize the extent that individual coefficients vary—are discussed in the context of the set of activities comprising an analysis. Finally, they demonstrate how to estimate the linear mixed effects model within an open-source environment (R). The digital module contains sample R code, diagnostic quiz questions, hands-on activities in R, curated resources, and a glossary.  相似文献   

Food (in)security communication: a Journal of Applied Communication Research forum addressing current challenges and future possibilities     

Megan K. Schraedley  Hamilton Bean  Sarah E. Dempsey  Mohan J. Dutta  Kathleen P. Hunt  Sonia R. Ivancic 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2020,48(2):166-185

ABSTRACT

This forum brings together food, (in)security, and communication. The authors participating in this forum center communication as both process and tool for understanding, mitigating, and making meaning of food (in)security. The nine authors together discuss the role of communication in food (in)security, the central challenges for scholars and practitioners working on food (in)security, and the creative possibilities and impacts influencing the future of food (in)security. The forum produces a call for applied scholars to re-imagine communication frameworks in order to make meaningful differences in their communities.  相似文献   

教学实习中采用"说课"方法的实验研究     

侯柏晨  孙玉琴 《体育科学研究》2003,7(4):102-104

“说课”是授课者在有限的时间内，将一节体育课的教学内容、方法，课的组织形式、练习步骤以及场地、器材等运用情况，用简练准确的语言并配合清晰、简单的动作示范向听课者展现出来。实习生课前采用“说课”，能使各教学环节在头脑中加深印象，加快向教师角色意识转换的速度，有利于教学基本功的掌握，此方法具有可操作性和实用性。  相似文献   

高原训练的生物学效应   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

蒋咸生 《体育成人教育学刊》2003,19(4):64-65

高原训练对人体有着复杂的生理学效应和训练学效应，是提高运动员运动能力的一种较好的赛前训练方法。对高原训练的起源及对人体呼吸、心血管、血液、骨骼肌、中枢神经等系统的影响进行了分析，为科学认识和实施高原训练提供参考。  相似文献   

新世纪我国老年体育发展的困境与出路   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李忠梅 《体育成人教育学刊》2003,19(3):19-20

通过对新世纪我国老年体育发展所面临的主要困境与产生困境的社会背景进行分析和讨论，指出应加大政府宏观指导的力度、完善老年体育管理体制，注重老年体育消费市场的开发，加大老年体育专业指导人员的培养力度，拓宽筹集老年体育活动资金的渠道，丰富老年体育活动内容等。  相似文献