Connecting inside out: Development of the social brain in infants and toddlers with a focus on myelination as a marker of brain maturation     

Nora Schneider  Elizabeth Greenstreet  Sean C. L. Deoni 《Child development》2022,93(2):359-371

Early childhood is a sensitive period for learning and social skill development. The maturation of cerebral regions underlying social processing lays the foundation for later social-emotional competence. This study explored myelin changes in social brain regions and their association with changes in parent-rated social-emotional development in a cohort of 129 children (64 females, 0–36 months, 77 White). Results reveal a steep increase in myelination throughout the social brain in the first 3 years of life that is significantly associated with social-emotional development scores. These findings add knowledge to the emerging picture of social brain development by describing neural underpinnings of human social behavior. They can contribute to identifying age-/stage-appropriate early life factors in this developmental domain.  相似文献   

Does modality matter? A latent profile and transition analysis of sedentary behaviours among school-aged youth: The UP&DOWN study     

David Sánchez-Oliva  Rebecca M. Leech  Alberto Grao-Cruces  Irene Esteban-Cornejo  Carmen Padilla-Moledo  Oscar L. Veiga 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(9):1062-1069

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were to identify profiles of sedentary behaviour (SB) patterns, based on leisure-time self-reported SB modalities (screen, educative, social, and relaxing) and to evaluate changes in these profiles over 2 years among Spanish youth aged 8–18 years. Latent profile analysis (LPA), a data-driven analytic approach, was used to identify groups of boys and girls (n = 1553; 48% girls; mean±SD age: 12.56 ± 2.49 y) with distinct SB profiles using the SB modalities (time/d) as input variables. Latent transition analysis, an extension of LPA that uses longitudinal data, was used to analyse 2-year changes in these profiles. At baseline, four and three SB profiles were found among boys (labelled: screen, educative, social, and relaxing) and girls (labelled: screen/social, educative, and relaxing), respectively. Overall, more girls (range: 48%-67%) had the same profile over time, than boys (40%-52%). Participants with a screen or relaxing SB profile at baseline were more likely to have an educative profile after 2 years. Youth with a social and an educative SB profile at baseline were more likely to transition to profiles characterized by higher screen and social SB, respectively. Using a novel and person-centered approach, this study identified gender-specific SB profiles that were moderately stable over time.  相似文献   

‘Just stick to the science’ is not enough     

Peterson  Erik L. 《Metascience》2019,28(1):147-150

  相似文献   

Digital Module 16: Longitudinal Data Analysis     

Jeffrey R. Harring  Tessa L. Johnson 《Educational Measurement》2020,39(3):137-138

In this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Jeffrey Harring and Ms. Tessa Johnson introduce the linear mixed effects (LME) model as a flexible general framework for simultaneously modeling continuous repeated measures data with a scientifically defensible function that adequately summarizes both individual change as well as the average response. The module begins with a nontechnical overview of longitudinal data analyses drawing distinctions with cross-sectional analyses in terms of research questions to be addressed. Nuances of longitudinal designs, timing of measurements, and the real possibility of missing data are then discussed. The three interconnected components of the LME model—(1) a model for individual and mean response profiles, (2) a model to characterize the covariation among the time-specific residuals, and (3) a set of models that summarize the extent that individual coefficients vary—are discussed in the context of the set of activities comprising an analysis. Finally, they demonstrate how to estimate the linear mixed effects model within an open-source environment (R). The digital module contains sample R code, diagnostic quiz questions, hands-on activities in R, curated resources, and a glossary.  相似文献   

记忆场、传统村落与我们的责任——档案部门参与村落记忆场保护的价值与策略     

周林兴  林腾虹 《档案管理》2020,(3):39-41

传统村落拥有丰富的自然和文化资源,凝结着历史的记忆,是社会文明的直接见证者。随着城镇化进程的推进,传统村落逐步消融在时代的印迹里。为促进传统村落在新时代的焕发新生,文章借助法国历史学家皮埃尔·诺拉的记忆之场理论,指出传统村落在历史、时间、变迁中凝聚成具有象征意义的记忆场。在此基础上文章剖析了档案部门参与村落记忆场保护的意义,阐释了村落记忆场赓续乡村记忆、留住乡情乡愁、传承文化遗产的功能,并提出了档案部门就如何推动村落记忆场实现功能最大化的策略,以期使档案部门更好地承担起传承、保护、赓续传统村落的主体责任。  相似文献   

马来西亚华文独中学校体育的现状与未来     

韩会君  林敏萍 《体育科研》2003,24(3):59-62

本着弘扬民族文化的基本思想,运用文献资料研究、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,对马来西亚华文独中学校体育的现状进行了客观的分析,并在现状分析的基础上对马来西亚华文独中学校体育的进一步发展提出了建设性的意见。  相似文献   

武汉市职业妇女体育现状调查与分析     

翟林 《沈阳体育学院学报》2003,(3):127-128

通过对武汉市职业妇女体育现状的调查 ,从心理学、社会学视角出发 ,探讨影响武汉市职业妇女体育健康状况及体育动机的因素 ,对加强和改进新时期妇女体育工作有着重要的现实意义。  相似文献   

对《体育与健康》课程学习和成绩评定的理论研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林志辉 《福建体育科技》2003,22(5):58-60

本文以《体育与健康》新课程为主线,为如何建构体育教育中的学生学习评价和成绩评定体系提出了一些看法和意见。其目的是为了进一步深化体育教学改革,提高体育教学质量,提供理论依据。  相似文献   

浅论英雄崇拜对体育文化的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

于永慧  林勇虎  程维峰 《沈阳体育学院学报》2003,(1):15-17

英雄和英雄崇拜是人类历史长河中一个经久不衰的话题 ,它从人类诞生的那天起就伴随着人类的发展而不断地发展变化。英雄的强大力量对人类的发展起着推波助澜的作用 ,当然这不是说英雄史观的再现 ,而是说英雄的存在能使人们有了自己的航线 ,不停地把整个社会推向前进 ,使人类社会更加有组织地发展。随着人类的发展 ,英雄崇拜的类型和方式也在不停地发生变化 ,在对人类影响巨大的体育领域出现了体育明星崇拜现象 ,体育明星也是体育界的英雄 ,对体育明星的崇拜使得体育人才辈出 ,尤其是竞技体育领域不断演绎着一部精彩的进行曲。以对体育英雄的崇拜现象为出发点 ,阐述它对体育文化的影响 ,以及如何利用这种现象促进体育事业的发展。  相似文献   

第27届奥运会前8名国家竞技体育成功经验及失利教训分析   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

肖林鹏  赵云宏 《中国体育科技》2003,39(7):12-14

对第 2 7届奥运会金牌榜前 8名国家发展竞技体育的成功经验及失利教训进行了客观分析。研究表明 ,合理开发、利用及配置竞技体育人力、财力、物力、信息、科技、体制等资源是各国竞技体育保持持续发展的重要成功经验。竞技体育经费不足及备战质量不高等因素成为制约2 7届奥运会竞技体育失利国家的重要因素  相似文献