Re: Shaken baby syndrome and hypothermia.     

D Allasio  H Fischer 《Child abuse & neglect》2001,25(11):1413-1414

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Evolving scholarly communication     

Jayne Marks  Timo Hannay 《Learned Publishing》2004,17(1):3-6

Nature Publishing Group and the Alliance for Cellular Signaling formed a partnership in 2001 to develop a comprehensive website for researchers in the field of cellular signalling. This website aimed to evolve the traditional form of publication (an article with supplementary information and links) into something that made better use of web and database technologies, and provided more value to scientists. This article gives an overview of the project, some of the thinking behind it, and how it has developed.  相似文献   

Sport disciplines,types of sports,and waist circumference in young adulthood – a population-based twin study     

Mirva Rottensteiner  Sara Mäkelä  Leonie H. Bogl  Timo Törmäkangas  Jaakko Kaprio  Urho M. Kujala 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(9):1184-1193

Purpose: The benefits of physical activity (PA) in preventing abdominal obesity are well recognized, but the role of different sport disciplines remains open. We aimed, therefore, to investigate how participation in different sport disciplines, and the number and types of sports engaged in are associated with waist circumference (WC) in young adulthood. Methods: This population-based cohort study comprised 4027 Finnish twin individuals (1874 men), with a mean age of 34 y (32–37), who answered a survey, including self-measured WC. We extracted the number and identified the types (aerobic, power, and mixed) of the different sport disciplines respondents reported participating in. Results: The number of sport disciplines participated in was inversely associated with WC, the linear decrease averaging 1.38?cm (95% CI 1.10–1.65) per each additional sport discipline. The result persisted after adjustment for the main covariates, such as volume of PA and diet quality. Among dizygotic twin pairs discordant for sports participation (0–2 vs. 5 or more disciplines), the mean within-pair difference in WC was 4.8?cm (95% CI 0.4–9.1) for men and 11.2?cm (95% CI 4.4–18.0) for women; among discordant monozygotic pairs, no differences were observed. In men, all three types of sports were individually associated with smaller WC, while in women, only mixed and power sports showed this association. Conclusions: Participation in several sport disciplines and sport types was associated with smaller WC among young adults in their mid-30s. Shared genetic background may explain some of the associations.  相似文献   

Perceptual-cognitive expertise of handball coaches in their young and middle adult years     

Lennart Fischer  Joseph Baker  Rebecca Rienhoff  Bernd Strauß  Judith Tirp  Dirk Büsch 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(17):1637-1642

There is little research investigating the maintenance of perceptual-cognitive expertise in general and even less comparing coaches of different ages. The aim of this study was to test for perceptual-cognitive differences between age groups, licence levels, and their interaction. This study investigated differences in skilled performance between young and middle-aged coaches of three different skill levels. Participants performed an accuracy-oriented pattern recall (mean distance in pixel) and a time-oriented flicker test (mean detection time in ms). There were some significant differences between age groups and between skill groups for both tests, but no interactions. For the pattern recall test, the effect sizes were larger for skill level differences, while for the flicker test effects were larger for ageing. These results suggest coaches are able to maintain accuracy skills better than reaction timed tasks. This is in line with findings on speeded performance in general populations, which show declines with age. Moreover, results also support findings on perceptual expertise in skills where accuracy was important.  相似文献   

Developmental links of very early phonological and language skills to second grade reading outcomes: strong to accuracy but only minor to fluency     

Puolakanaho A  Ahonen T  Aro M  Eklund K  Leppänen PH  Poikkeus AM  Tolvanen A  Torppa M  Lyytinen H 《Journal of learning disabilities》2008,41(4):353-370

The authors examined second grade reading accuracy and fluency and their associations via letter knowledge to phonological and language predictors assessed at 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 years in children in the Jyv?skyl? Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia. Structural equation modeling showed that a developmentally highly stable factor (early phonological and language processing [EPLP]) behind key dyslexia predictors (i.e., phonological awareness, short-term memory, rapid naming, vocabulary, and pseudoword repetition) could already be identified at 3.5 years. EPLP was significantly associated with reading and spelling accuracy and by age with letter knowledge. However, EPLP had only a minor link with reading fluency, which was additionally explained by early letter knowledge. The results show that reading accuracy is well predicted by early phonological and language skills. Variation in fluent reading skills is not well explained by early skills, suggesting factors other than phonological core skills. Future research is suggested to explore the factors behind the development of fast and accurate decoding skills.  相似文献   

Knowledge acquisition by computerized audiovisual feedback     

Fischer  Peter Michael  Mandl  Heinz 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1988,3(2):217-233

The present article gives an outline of the state of art in computer assisted intervention by learning-concomitant differential feedback. Based on the spectrum of possible meanings and interpretations given to the concepts ‘interaction’ and ‘interactive’ this concept is elaborated and illustrated by prototypical theoretical approaches. Based on our own empirical findings arguments are given showing that sophisticated audiovisual interactive new technologies can properly be used even on the small machines available in schools if the content materials and the flow of control given to the learner are carefully designed and based on principles of cognitive science.

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Winter Art Education Project     

Timo Jokela 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2007,26(3):238-250

The purpose of this article is to describe how the Department of Art Education at the University of Lapland in Finland has developed winter art as a method of environmental and community‐based art education. I will focus on the Snow Show Winter Art Education Project, a training project funded by the European Union and the State Provincial Office of Lapland. The general aim of the project was to increase the know‐how of winter art in Northern Finland. This goal was put into practice through workshops on snow construction, documentation of winter art, winter‐oriented media production, and snow and ice sculpting; through continuing education seminars, workshops, and school projects for teachers; and through public lectures and seminars on winter and winter art. In this article, I describe the challenges that winter offers to community and environment‐based art education in the North. Further, I introduce the methods of implementation and the outcomes of winter art exercises carried out by several schools in Lapland in cooperation with and inspired by the Snow Show Winter Art Education Project.  相似文献   

Future learning spaces for learning communities: Perspectives from the learning sciences     

Julia Eberle  Yotam Hod  Frank Fischer 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2019,50(5):2071-2074

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The impact of linguistic similarity on cross-cultural comparability of students’ perceptions of teaching quality     

Fischer  Jessica  Praetorius  Anna-Katharina  Klieme  Eckhard 《Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability》2019,31(2):201-220

Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability - Valid cross-country comparisons of student learning and pivotal factors contributing to it, such as teaching quality, offer the possibility...  相似文献   

Teacher-perceived supportive classroom climate protects against detrimental impact of reading disability risk on peer rejection     

Noona Kiuru  Anna-Maija Poikkeus  Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen  Eija Pakarinen  Martti Siekkinen  Timo Ahonen  Jari-Erik Nurmi 《Learning and Instruction》2012,22(5):331-339

This study examined the role of a supportive classroom climate, class size, and length of teaching experience as protective factors against children's peer rejection. A total of 376 children were assessed in kindergarten for risk for reading disabilities (RD) and rated by their teachers on socially withdrawn and disruptive behaviors. The grade 1 measures included sociometric peer assessment and teachers' self-ratings of their supportiveness in the classroom, together with information on class size and teaching experience. The results showed, first, that the studied social and learning risk factors positively predicted peer rejection in grade 1. Moreover, teacher-reported supportive classroom climate in grade 1 protected children against the detrimental impact of RD risk on peer rejection. Smaller class size, in turn, served as a protective factor against the detrimental impact of social withdrawal on peer rejection. Finally, shorter teaching experience protected against both social and learning risk factors.  相似文献