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1.
S. Narayanan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1996,11(1):12-16
A number of pre analytical variables affect lipid determinations. These include posture during blood sampling, the duration of tourniquet application and fasting, the time of day when blood is collected, the concentration and type of anticoagulant used for blood collection to name just a few. Effect of life style such as diet, alcohol and caffeine consumption, smoking, and exercise influence lipid determinations. Disease states such as infection, diabetes, nephrotic syndrome and heart disease culminating in myocardial infarction and conditions such as obesity and pregnancy influence lipid profiles. A variety of drugs ranging from diuretics to oral contraceptives to immunosuppressive drugs induce alterations in the patient's lipid profile. Post analytical variables impacting on the interpretation of laboratory data such as in the determination of the true mean of a lipid constituent would depend on the number of specimens analyzed, the analytical variability of the method and approaches to handling data such as the use of relative range to estimate the effect of biological variability on the computed mean value. 相似文献
2.
Kannan Vaidyanathan M. P. Narayanan D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(4):319-325
Organic acidurias are an important class of inherited metabolic disorders arising due to defect in intermediary metabolic
pathways of carbohydrate, amino acids and fatty acid oxidation. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the important
organic acidurias in the Indian population. Specifically, diagnosis and principles of treatment of organic acidurias are covered.
The salient features of common organic acidurias as well as their prevalence in various parts of the world are reviewed in
some detail. 相似文献
3.
M. P. Narayanan Vaidyanathan Kannan K. P. Vinayan D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(4):347-353
Organic acid disorders are inherited metabolic disorders in which organic acids accumulate in tissues and biological fluids
of affected individuals. Classical organic acidurias include methylmalonic aciduria, propionic aciduria, isovaleric aciduria
and maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). They are considered the most frequent metabolic disorders among severely ill children.
Patients frequently present with acute symptoms early in life. 420 cases clinically suspected to have organic aciduria, with
upper age limit of 12 years for a 2-year period (January 2007–December 2008) were enrolled into this study. Metabolic acidosis
and neurological symptoms were the most common signs. Screening tests and thin layer chromatography were done for detection
of organic acidurias. Identification and quantitation of organic acids in urine and quantification of amino acids in blood
were done by high performance liquid chromatography. Out of 420 patients, 45 patients (10.7%) were found to have organic acidurias.
15 cases of methylmalonic aciduria, 16 cases of propionic aciduria, 13 cases of MSUD, and one case of isovaleric aciduria
were diagnosed. Results demonstrate the importance of testing for organic acidurias. Since organic aciduria may cause irreversible
brain damage if not treated, we recommend selective screening amongst severely ill children despite implied extra costs. 相似文献
4.
Over the past decade, companies worldwide have used corporate venturing (CV) as a means of revitalizing their operations, building new capabilities, and achieving strategic renewal, creating value for shareholders. Business interest in CV has stimulated academic interest in the topic, resulting in a rapidly growing but fragmented body of literature. Despite the growing international scholarly interest in CV, researchers have devoted little effort to integrating prior findings in a cumulative fashion. As a result, studies do not build upon one another, making it difficult to gauge the progress being made in addressing the fundamental research questions related to CV. In this paper, we examine the literature on CV seeking to synthesize, integrate and link its key findings. To do so, we analyze this literature over the past decade to identify its major themes and research findings setting the stage for greater coherence in future research on CV. We give special attention to the challenges and rewards of theory building in future CV research. Our review clearly shows that CV is an area of scholarly inquiry that has important implications for managerial practice. 相似文献
5.
Ravichandran M. Regunathan J. Narayanan R. B. Kunthala Jayaraman Kaliraj P. 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1997,12(1):27-31
Human lymphatic filariasis is a chronic helminth infection caused byWuchereria bancrofti andBrugia malayi. Wide spectrum of clinical manifestations are seen in different clinical groups of filariasis patients which comprises asymptomatic patients with circulating microfilaria (MF), individuals with chronic lymphatic obstruction (CP), Endemic normals (EN) who are asymptomatic and amicrofilaraemic or the relatively rare tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE). The cellular immune response to this infection varies in different clinical groups of filarial patients. ranging from normal lymphocyte proliferative response in EN individuals to lymphocyte hyporesponsiveness in MF to total parasite antigen [Brugia malayi antigen (BMA)]. But in response to recombinant filarial antigen (pRJ51) the lymphocyte proliferation is restored in MF patients. Interestingly the lymphocytes from MFs responded normally to parasite antigen when EN serum was added in the culture whereas sera from MFs failed to revert the lymphocyte hyporesponsiveness. In order to study the molecular mechanisms responsible for parasite antigen specific lymphocyte hyporesponsiveness, we analysed both the Th1 and Th2 type cytokine gene expression profile in different clinical groups of filarasis patients. MF individuals expressed elevated Th2 type cytokines like IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 and decreased levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in response to parasite antigen. Chronic patients have elevated levels of both Th1 and Th2 type cytokines in response to parasite antigen. The EN individuals had a purely Th1 type pattern with absence of IL-4 and IL-5 expression. These studies clearly demonstrate the role of Th2 cytokine like IL-10 in antigen specific hyporesponsiveness seen in MF patients. Any methods to arrest the progression of this disease should concentrate on the means to revert the Th2 type into Th1 type response in the MF patients either by Th1 type cytokine therapy or by using recombinant filarial antigen which stimulates the Th1 response. Further the recombinant filarial antigen which induces Th1 type cytokine response could be used for immunoprophylactic studies. 相似文献
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7.
Chinnachamy Karthika Narayanan Nair Muraleedharan 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(6):422-426
The sprayed chemicals on tea leaves disappear over a period of time by the influence of rainfall elution, evaporation,growth dilution, and photodegradation. Influence of plant growth on the four fungicides (hexaconazole, propiconazole, tridemorph,and c) was studied to know the constructive loss of fungicides. The study shows that residues of fungicides sprayed on tea shoots got diluted by the growing process. The expansion of a leaf took 8 to 11 d and more than 50% of the fungicide residues were cleaned out during this leaf expansion period. Under south Indian agroclimatic condition, the fungicides are sprayed at an interval of 10 d, so it is safe that the tea is harvested on the 10th day of the application of fungicides. 相似文献
8.
Arunachalam Narayanan William J. Sawaya III Michael D. Johnson 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2014,12(3):233-265
In recent years, there have been increasing calls from the government and other organizations to provide easy public access to student evaluations of teaching. Indeed, the increasing ease of displaying and viewing large quantities of information, and competition among universities and majors for students, makes it likely that an era of greater transparency of this type of information is at hand. While students’ evaluation of teaching (SET) is one quantitative metric that rates the instructor, it may be influenced by factors that are often beyond the instructor's control. In this study, we analyze a longitudinal data set from both engineering and business schools of a large public university, and identify factors that influence SET. We show which factors have the highest influence on overall SET scores, and contrast these between engineering and business colleges. Colleges within the same university may have differences in the factors affecting SET, and recognition of this is important in effectively and fairly evaluating SET scores. We also provide recommendations regarding information that should be displayed along with the SET, particularly when SET scores are made public, so that instructors are not unduly penalized when their evaluations can be influenced by factors over which they have no control. 相似文献
9.
Characterization and separation of Cryptosporidium and Giardia cells using on-chip dielectrophoresis
Narayanan Unni H Hartono D Yue Lanry Yung L Mah-Lee Ng M Pueh Lee H Cheong Khoo B Lim KM 《Biomicrofluidics》2012,6(1):12805-1280514
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) has been shown to have significant potential for the characterization of cells and could become an efficient tool for rapid identification and assessment of microorganisms. The present work is focused on the trapping, characterization, and separation of two species of Cryptosporidium (C. parvum and C. muris) and Giardia lambia (G. lambia) using a microfluidic experimental setup. Cryptosporidium oocysts, which are 2-4 μm in size and nearly spherical in shape, are used for the preliminary stage of prototype development and testing. G. lambia cysts are 8–12 μm in size. In order to facilitate effective trapping, simulations were performed to study the effects of buffer conductivity and applied voltage on the flow and cell transport inside the DEP chip. Microscopic experiments were performed using the fabricated device and the real part of Clausius—Mossotti factor of the cells was estimated from critical voltages for particle trapping at the electrodes under steady fluid flow. The dielectric properties of the cell compartments (cytoplasm and membrane) were calculated based on a single shell model of the cells. The separation of C. muris and G. lambia is achieved successfully at a frequency of 10 MHz and a voltage of 3 Vpp (peak to peak voltage). 相似文献
10.
Plagiarism and intellectual property rights (IPR) violations have become a serious concern for many institutions and organizations. The revolutionary development of the Web presents numerous opportunities for such infringements to become even more widespread. This situation creates the risk of introducing a ‘culture of mediocrity'. This paper discusses these issues and proposes means of addressing the concerns by applying viable technological solutions. 相似文献