The changing goals of education in the perspective of lifelong learning     

Cyril O. Houle 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1974,20(4):430-446

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The criterion of “relevance” in the support of research in the social sciences: 1965–1985     

Cyril S. Smith  Otto N. Larsen 《Minerva》1989,27(4):461-482

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Executive functioning during prolonged exercise: a fatigue-based neurocognitive perspective     

Cyril Schmit  Jeanick Brisswalter 《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2020,13(1):21-39

ABSTRACT

Despite emotional, technical and endurance implications for athletes’ performance, a consensus has yet to be reached to explain the impairment of executive functioning during exercise. In particular, recent research challenges the original assumption of a linear dose–response effect of exercise intensity on cerebral physiology and executive functioning. We propose a fatigue-based neurocognitive perspective of executive functioning during prolonged exercise, suggesting that top-down (cognitive and physical efforts) and bottom-up processes (body sensations) act in parallel of arousing mechanisms to determine cognitive outcomes. In this perspective, executive functioning during prolonged exercise would be dynamical rather than steady (i.e. positively then negatively impacted by exercise) and would be to analyse in regards of exercise termination rather than of exercise intensity.  相似文献   

The New Left,the new class and socialism [1]     

Cyril Levitt 《Higher Education》1979,8(6):641-655

The New Left of the sixties has been eulogized in the mass media in recent years. Former activists have entered specific employment areas associated with the public sector, although many have retained a political commitment consonant with their previous activities and beliefs. Using interview data gathered in Canada, the Federal Republic of Germany and the United States in 1977 and 1978, the author analyzes the nature and trajectory of the New Left. He finds that the ambivalent character of the movement was an expression of the relations of a specific generation of learners to the deterioration of the condition of intellectual labor in society.The author wishes to thank the Canada Council and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council for generously supporting the research.  相似文献   

Scholastic achievement, academic self-schemata, and normative clearsightedness     

Cyril Tarquinio  Alain Somat 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2001,16(1):117-129

This study based directly on Markus’s (1977) paradigm demonstrates the greater prevalence of an academic success self-schema in high academic achievers and of an academic failure self-schema in low academic achievers. The results also suggest that this achievementbased schema is modulated by clearsightedness (Py & Somat, 1991) in both good and poor students. Because more clearsighted individuals are probably better able to assess the arbitrariness of the reinforcement systems applied to their performance, they do not build the same schemata as less clearsighted individuals do.  相似文献   

Living with CATE: the case of reflective student teachers     

Hugh Busher  Cyril Simmons 《Educational studies》1992,18(1):37-48

This paper considers the effect of the introduction of market forces into teacher education both in terms of the loss of autonomy on the part of the providers, the teacher educators, and in terms of the growth of ownership by the consumers, the student teachers, of their learning. Specifically it identifies the paradigms of teacher education which are absent from the Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education (CATE) criteria, such as enquiry‐oriented teacher education, but which are important for promoting professional self‐awareness amongst teachers. This paper describes and evaluates an exercise undertaken by student teachers on a postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE) course which both promotes self‐reflection and meets some of the criteria set by CATE. It concludes that it is possible to promote self‐reflective teaching within the confines of the CATE criteria so long as certain procedures are followed.  相似文献   

Bullying among students and its consequences on health     

Barbara Houbre  Cyril Tarquinio  Isabelle Thuillier  Emmanuelle Hergott 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2006,21(2):183-208

Violence among students at school is an ever-growing problem. Bullying can be defined as all forms of repeated physical or mental violence performed by an individual on another person who is not capable of defending him/herself (Roland & Idsoe, 2001). The three studies conducted here reveal some of the characteristics and implications of this type of aggression. Whether the attacker (s) or the attacked, all protagonists in a bullying episode suffer the consequences of this behavior. Study 1 showed that students who were both victims and bullies had the lowest self-concepts in all areas studied. Victims exhibited inferior self-concepts to bullies, who in turn obtained lower scores than students not involved in bullying at all. Study 2 showed, as expected, that the group of bully/victims reported more psychosomatic problems than all other groups. In addition, there was a positive link between behavioral problems and the onset of psychosomatic disorders. Study 3, which was mainly exploratory, looked at the traumatic impact of bullying and the emergence of addictive behavior. Children who had vivid memories of being the victim of an aggressive act manifested a high level of post-traumatic stress, although no link was observed between post-traumatic stress and the type of aggression (physical, verbal, or relational). A dependency relationship was found between post-traumatic stress and substance use. The results of these studies suggest that the many complexities of the different protagonists of bullying should be taken into account in view of developing servicing that is geared to each individual.  相似文献   

Can narrative cutscenes improve home learning from a math game? An experimental study with children     

Tomáš Sýkora  Tereza Stárková  Cyril Brom 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2021,52(1):42-56

Little is known about the instructional effects of narrative framing elements in child learning games. In this study, second and third graders (M_age = 8.24) played one of two versions of a successful, commercial mathematical learning game at home for 2 weeks (N = 95; between-subject design). The versions differed in the presence/absence of a background story conveyed through comic cutscenes at the beginning and the end of the game. Results showed that children played the game intensively in both conditions: despite not being forced to do so. Plus, they also learned from the game. As expected, children assigned to the cutscenes condition interfaced with the cutscenes. However, no between-group difference was detected in pre-post learning gains, parent-reported engagement, self-reported enjoyment, time spent with the game and the number of solved in-game tasks (all |ds| < 0.29). Altogether, no advantage or disadvantage from the narrative comic cutscenes was revealed.  相似文献   

Substitution of women for men faculty in higher education: Do relative salaries matter?     

Howard P. Tuckman  Cyril F. Chang 《Research in higher education》1984,21(4):359-371

The paper provides quantitative estimates of the degree of substitutability between men and women faculty in higher education and examines the extent to which price (salary) differentials have played a role in altering the sex distribution in academe. Our results suggest uniformly low own-price elasticities with cross elasticities which differ by academic rank and sex. Further analysis is made of whether institutions of higher education have increased the proportion of females at the upper ranks due to salary factors. Our conclusion is that nonsalary factors appear to have been responsible for the changing sex distribution in academe.  相似文献   

Assessing the Higher National Diploma Chemical Engineering programme in Ghana: students’ perspective     

Cyril D. Boateng  Edem Cudjoe Bensah  Julius C. Ahiekpor 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2012,37(2):205-215

Chemical engineers have played key roles in the growth of the chemical and allied industries in Ghana but indigenous industries that have traditionally been the domain of the informal sector need to be migrated to the formal sector through the entrepreneurship and innovation of chemical engineers. The Higher National Diploma Chemical Engineering programme is being migrated from a subject-based to a competency-based curriculum. This paper evaluates the programme from the point of view of students. Data were drawn from a survey conducted in the department and were analysed using SPSS. The survey involved administering questionnaires to students at all levels in the department. Analysis of the responses indicated that the majority of the students had decided to pursue chemical engineering due to the career opportunities available. Their knowledge of the programme learning outcomes was, however, poor. The study revealed that none of the students was interested in developing indigenous industries.  相似文献