From our readers…     

Rita Sellers Hoffman 《Roeper Review》2013,35(2)

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Technical Skills Required: How Technological Efficacy Influences Online Political Behavior     

Lindsay H. Hoffman  Amanda L. Schechter 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2016,60(3):484-502

Rapid advances in technology have provided the potential to connect citizens to their surroundings in unprecedented ways. While many scholars examine different types of efficacy as a predictor of behavior (e.g., internal, external, and political), it is essential to examine how confident citizens feel in their ability to use the technology before understanding how they will use it politically. Research shows that perceived competence increases motivation, which is correlated with behavior. This study examined how traditional measures of efficacy and a new measure affect online political behaviors, concluding that technological efficacy is a reliable construct predicting online news use and expression.  相似文献   

Childhood Ideology in the United States: A Comparative Cultural View     

Diane M. Hoffman 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2003,49(1-2):191-211

Childhood ideology functions in each nation as a complex of ideas about what children are like and how best to teach and socialise them. One important domain of childhood ideology concerns ideas and practices related to children's development and behaviour management. Drawing from an analysis of popular childrearing magazines and early childhood education materials in the United States, this cultural study describes contemporary American mainstream beliefs concerning children's early emotional and behavioural development. In particular, the paper explores themes of emotional expression, autonomy, individuality, power, and consumerism. Some comparisons with Japanese views on child development and emotional/behavioural socialisation are also made. The paper suggests that popular ideas and techniques of emotional and behavioural management in the United States in both families and early childcare environments reflect a dominant ideology of children that has potentially negative consequences for children's welfare. Furthermore, childhood ideologies, while retaining culturally specific values and ideas neither remain static nor exist in isolation from one another. The paper questions the global diffusion of a Western-style professionalised discourse of child psychology that may not be applicable to all nations and their children.  相似文献   

Peer-Collaborator Preferences of African American and White Sixth-Graders in Mathematics Classrooms     

Abigail S. Hoffman  Jill V. Hamm  Kerrylin Lambert  Judith Meece 《Journal of Experimental Education》2020,88(4):559-577

Abstract

This study focused on academic and social correlates of collaborator preferences of African American and White sixth-graders in mathematics classrooms in fall and spring. Students’ appraisals of emotional risk were examined as a moderator. Nomination procedures identified collaborator preferences, group affiliations, and social centrality; students self-reported engagement and emotional risk; school records provided achievement scores. Results indicated students preferred group affiliates, but not exclusively, as collaborators. Students with greater centrality, achievement, and engagement received more nominations. In the fall, high achievers received more nominations when appraisals of risk were high; whereas, engaged students whose appraisals of risk were low received more nominations. Results are interpreted in relation to coordinating social and academic factors in peer collaboration.  相似文献   

“Blessed”: Musical Talent,Smartness, & Figured Identities     

Adria R. Hoffman 《Equity & Excellence in Education》2015,48(4):606-620

The purpose of this study is to explore smartness and talent as social constructs. Drawing on Holland et al.'s (1998) figured identities, this article explores the figuring of abilities by elucidating the voices of African American high school chorus students. Critical Race Theory (CRT) helps to unpack normalized language and practices that comprise intelligence, talent, and identity construction. The student participants in this study contrasted high school experiences in which they constructed musical and academic identities, describing how smart or talented they were relative to significant others around them. Findings suggest that constructions of musical talent and smartness socially positioned students along race, gender, and class lines. Interpretations of talent and intelligence may impact the curricular options made available to students, their academic identity construction, musical identity construction, and inequitable school practices.  相似文献   

THE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF SCHOOLS IN CLASSICAL JUDAISM     

Justin Hoffman 《Religious education (Chicago, Ill.)》2013,108(3):416-434

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Obtaining Diagnostic Classification Model Estimates Using Mplus     

Jonathan Templin  Lesa Hoffman 《Educational Measurement》2013,32(2):37-50

Diagnostic classification models (aka cognitive or skills diagnosis models) have shown great promise for evaluating mastery on a multidimensional profile of skills as assessed through examinee responses, but continued development and application of these models has been hindered by a lack of readily available software. In this article we demonstrate how diagnostic classification models may be estimated as confirmatory latent class models using Mplus, thus bridging the gap between the technical presentation of these models and their practical use for assessment in research and applied settings. Using a sample English test of three grammatical skills, we describe how diagnostic classification models can be phrased as latent class models within Mplus and how to obtain the syntax and output needed for estimation and interpretation of the model parameters. We also have written a freely available SAS program that can be used to automatically generate the Mplus syntax. We hope this work will ultimately result in greater access to diagnostic classification models throughout the testing community, from researchers to practitioners.  相似文献   

Electromyographic analysis of bow string release in highly skilled archers   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

P E Martin  W L Siler  D Hoffman 《Journal of sports sciences》1990,8(3):215-221

A predominant archery coaching tenet holds that the most effective means of releasing the bow string is by relaxation of the finger flexor muscles without activation of finger extensors. To evaluate the validity of this view, EMG patterns of the flexor digitorum superficialis and extensor digitorum muscles of the draw arm were examined using surface EMG electrodes in 15 highly skilled archers as each performed six shots. Each archer displayed consistent EMG patterns from shot-to-shot and two distinct flexor-extensor patterns were exhibited by the sample. The first, characterized by eight of the archers, supported the relaxation principle. For these archers, both flexor and extensor digitorum activity decreased markedly immediately prior to or at arrow release. The second pattern, characteristic of the remaining seven archers, contradicted the coaching tenet. While the flexor digitorum pattern was essentially the same as that described for the first pattern, the extensor digitorum displayed a marked increase in activity just prior to release, indicating that string release was facilitated by an active extension of the fingers. It was concluded that highly skilled archers do not predominantly reflect a release consistent with the coaching canon and that factors other than the string release mechanism discriminate the performances of skilled archers.  相似文献   

Supporting School Readiness Through Librarian-Child Interactions in Public Library Storytimes: An Analysis of Assessment Scores and Influential Factors     

Cahill  Maria  Hoffman  Hayley  Ingram  Erin  Joo  Soohyung 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2022,50(1):11-19

Early Childhood Education Journal - A recent trend in public libraries′ children’s services emphasizes the role of promoting school readiness. In order to gain a deeper understanding of...  相似文献   

The teaching and learning of basic number facts     

Nathan Hoffman 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1977,8(4):391-398

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