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1.
This article extends the Bonett (2003a) approach to testing the equality of alpha coefficients from two independent samples to the case of m ≥ 2 independent samples. The extended Fisher-Bonett test and its competitor, the Hakstian-Whalen (1976) test, are illustrated with numerical examples of both hypothesis testing and power calculation. Computer simulations are used to compare the performance of the two tests and the Feldt (1969) test (for m = 2) in terms of power and Type I error control. It is shown that the Fisher-Bonett test is just as effective as its competitors in controlling Type I error, is comparable to them in power, and is equally robust against heterogeneity of error variance. 相似文献
2.
Leonard S. Feldt 《Journal of Educational Measurement》1995,32(3):295-301
Projecting the changes in the reliability of a difference score (d =× - Y ) as a consequence of changes in the reliabilities of X and Y does not represent a straightforward application of the Spearman-Brown formula. Formulas are developed for estimating the changes in the reliability of X-Y under two possible assumptions: (a ) × and Y have equal variances both before and after their reliabilities are altered, and (b ) × and Y have unequal variances before and after × and Y are modified. The second of these situations, which includes the first as a special case, is probably the more common . 相似文献
3.
SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGISTS’ ETHICAL STRAIN AND RUMINATION: INDIVIDUAL PROFILES AND THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH WEEKLY WELL‐BEING 
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下载免费PDF全文 We investigated school psychologists’ experiences of ethical strain (the frequency of ethical dilemmas at work and the stress caused by these dilemmas) and dilemma‐related rumination outside working hours. Individual latent profiles were estimated at the study baseline based on these three dimensions. The psychologists’ weekly well‐being (vigor, exhaustion, and sleep quality) was compared against their profile during the following three working weeks. The sample included 133 school psychologists, among whom four groups were identified: Low ruminators (39%), an Intermediate group (39%), High ruminators (20%), and Atypical outliers (2%). High ruminators fared least well in terms of weekly well‐being. Of all the groups, they reported the lowest levels of vigor, the highest levels of exhaustion, and the lowest sleep quality. The study contributes to understanding how psychologists differ in their experiences of ethical strain, and highlights the role of ruminating: mental detachment from ethical demands is especially important for school psychologists’ well‐being. 相似文献
4.
Paul J. Bischoff Leanne Avery Constance Feldt Golden Paul French 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2010,21(4):411-429
The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of preservice science teachers’ knowledge structures in the domain
of oxidation and reduction chemistry. Knowledge structures were elicited through video-recorded semi-structured interviews
before and after the unit of instruction, and analyzed using a visual flow map representation. Paralleling these interviews,
the preservice teachers were tasked with diagnosing middle school students’ scientific understandings. Data analyzed quantitatively
and qualitatively showed large variation in knowledge structure complexity across the preservice teachers, strong correlations
between measures of knowledge structure and diversity (as defined by the Shannon Wiener diversity index), and the development
of more balanced knowledge structure representations. For most preservice teachers, their diagnostic scores of the middle
school students showed a small increase. 相似文献
5.
Taru Eskelinen 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1991,14(4):263-271
The present study concerns counselling lessons in the final grade of Finnish comprehensive school. It focuses on the relevance of counselling lessons to the students on the basis of their personal assessments. Methodologically, the issues at stake centre around the simultaneous examination of the classroom setting from the point of view of different participants.The methods employed are the so called stimulated recall interview and the content analysis of qualitative interview data. The observations presented are based on interviews of guidance counsellors and of their students after the lessons, which dealt with work and students' future choices.According to the observations, the students' perceptions on the relevance of the lessons varied to a major degree. Most of them regarded them as easy and routine school work. Also the interpretations of the teacher and the students differed in many aspects. In particular, only a minority of the students shared the teachers' views about the aims of the lesson.In general, the implications of the study for career education are fairly obvious. If it is organized as an ordinary classroom activity, students are inclined not to consider it to be personally relevant to them. 相似文献
6.
Leonard S. Feldt 《Journal of Educational Measurement》1996,33(1):106-114
A relatively simple method is developed to obtain confidence intervals for a student's proportion of domain mastery in criterion-referenced or mastery measurement situations. The method uses the binomial distribution as a model for the student's scores under hypothetically repeated assessments. Though the use of this model is not a new idea, the method of implementation has not been proposed previously. The technique makes use of widely available F tables and hence does not require elaborate computer equipment or proprietary computer programs. 相似文献
7.
The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the mathematical characteristics of the test reliability coefficient ρ
XX′ as a function of item response theory (IRT) parameters and present the lower and upper bounds of the coefficient. Another
purpose is to examine relative performances of the IRT reliability statistics and two classical test theory (CTT) reliability
statistics (Cronbach’s alpha and Feldt–Gilmer congeneric coefficients) under various testing conditions that result from manipulating
large-scale real data. For the first purpose, two alternative ways of exactly quantifying ρ
XX′ are compared in terms of computational efficiency and statistical usefulness. In addition, the lower and upper bounds for
ρ
XX′ are presented in line with the assumptions of essential tau-equivalence and congeneric similarity, respectively. Empirical
studies conducted for the second purpose showed across all testing conditions that (1) the IRT reliability coefficient was
higher than the CTT reliability statistics; (2) the IRT reliability coefficient was closer to the Feldt–Gilmer coefficient
than to the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient; and (3) the alpha coefficient was close to the lower bound of IRT reliability. Some
advantages of the IRT approach to estimating test-score reliability over the CTT approaches are discussed in the end. 相似文献
8.
Abstract The reliabilities of two types of measurement plans were compared across six hypothetical distributions of true scores or abilities. The measurement plans consisted of a fixed-length plan (FL), where the number of trials for all examinees is fixed in advance, and the trials-to-criterion plan (TTC), where the number of successful trials is fixed, and examinees continue until this criterion is reached. The comparisons revealed that for most hypothetical distributions considered, the FL plan produced higher test reliabilities. In certain cases of negative skewness, however, the TTC plan was superior. Two formulae were presented for the estimation of the reliability of a TTC test. 相似文献
9.
Taru Goyal Prasenjit Mitra Preeti Singh Shailja Sharma Praveen Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(1):100
In spite of the established knowledge regarding their toxicities, occupational exposure to heavy metals like lead and cadmium still continues because of their wide distribution in environment. Due to lack of awareness, most of the workers usually eat, smoke, drink at their workplace which may aggravate the metal exposure. The present study was planned to assess the blood levels of lead and cadmium in occupationally exposed workers of Jodhpur (India). A total of 110 individuals working in different industrial set ups (furniture, metal handicraft, welders) of Jodhpur district (exposed group), aged between 20 and 60 years and 97 apparently healthy people (controls) with no history of occupational heavy metal exposure aged between 25 and 60 were recruited. Details of personal habits and demographics were recorded by means of self-developed questionnaire. 5 ml of whole blood was drawn from every individual. Metal levels were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis was done using GraphPad Prism Software. Results showed that Blood Lead Level and Blood Cadmium Level (CdB) were significantly higher in the exposed group as compared to the non-exposed group. Significant age and gender-based differences were found in terms of blood cadmium levels but no such difference was observed in case of blood lead. The study also revealed that higher blood levels of these metals in workers are influenced by their occupational practices, lack of protection against workplace environment pollutants, thus increasing their susceptibility to metal toxicity. 相似文献
10.
An improved method is derived for estimating conditional measurement error variances, that is, error variances specific to individual examinees or specific to each point on the raw score scale of the test. The method involves partitioning the test into short parallel parts, computing for each examinee the unbiased estimate of the variance of part-test scores, and multiplying this variance by a constant dictated by classical test theory. Empirical data are used to corroborate the principal theoretical deductions. 相似文献