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本文报道了山芹属Ostericum 5种1变种13个居群的核型,其中4种为首次报道。其核型如下:隔山香 O.citriodorum 广东宝安的居群,2n=22=16m+6sm;江西鹰潭的居群,2n=22=14m+6sm+2st;华东山芹 O.huadongensis本所药物园居群,2n=22=16m+6sm;安徽广德的居群,2n=22=16m+4sm+2sm(SAT);绿花山芹 O.viridiflorum内蒙古额右旗的居群,2n=22=18m+4sm;黑龙江双鸭山居群,2n=22=18m+2sm+2st(SAT);山芹 O.sieboldii 辽宁庄河居群,2n=22=4sm+16st+2st(SAT);吉林长白山居群,2n+22+2sm+20st;狭叶山芹 O. sieboldii var.praetieritum 辽宁鞍山的居群,2n=22=2sm+20st;大齿山芹 O.grosseserratum 辽宁庄河居群,2n=18=2sm+16st;江苏宜兴居群,2n=18=2sm+16st;安徽广德居群,2n=18=18st;浙江天目山居群,2n=18=18st。隔山香、华东山芹和绿花山芹具较原始的2A型,山芹和大齿山芹则具较为进化的4A型。此外,大齿山芹具有下行性的染色体基数n=9,这在整个前胡族中都具独特性。根据各居群在种分布区内的核型演化方向及现代地理分布格局并结合形态和孢粉学资料,提出本属的起源是从近缘的当归属起源地横断山区沿着东北和东南两个方向迁移扩散,演化发展形成两个现代次生分布中心,一个是东北向具温带性广布型的分布中心(东北地区),另一个是东南向具亚热带性特有种型的分布中心(华东地区),两个分布中心之间有一个分化活跃、演化最高的纽带种一大齿山芹。  相似文献   
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伞形科植物染色体数目报告   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
In the present paper, chromosome numbers are reported for 33 species and varieties of Chinese Umbelliferae which belong to 17 genera in the subfamily Api- oideae.  Chromosome number of each species is shown in Table I.  Eighteen countings are newly reported.  Chromatin bridges and fragments were observed at anaphase I in some materials.  It is suggested that the fertility reduction in some species is due to the chromosome aberrations.  相似文献   
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伞形科植物染色体数目报告   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文报道了伞形科15属24种和交种的染色体数,其中18个种和变种是首次报道。研     究表明, 我国天胡荽属 (Hydrocotyle L.)是伞形科多倍体比较普遍的类群。柴胡属(Bupleu-     rum L.)分别有4、6、7、8等基数,茴芹属(Pimpinella L.)的毛果组(Sect. Tragium)和光     果组(Sect.Tragoselinum)的代表种类的基数分别为9和10,因此,染色体基数可作为深入     研究某些属内种类演化的细胞学资料之一。思茅独活(Heracleum henryi Wolff)的花粉母细    胞在终变期时出现了4体环,说明结构杂合体可能是伞形科种类分化的一个因素。  相似文献   
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 本文报道了当归属Angelica及3个近缘小属12种植物的核型,其中10种为首次报道。带岭当归A.dailingensis 2n=22=20m+2sm(SAT);丽江当属A.likiangensis 2n=22=18m+4sm; 青海当归A.nitida 2n=22=14m+4sm+4sm(SAT);林当归A.silvestris 2n=22=16m+4sm(SAT)+2st(SAT);紫花前胡A.decursiva 2n=22=16m+4sm+2sm(SAT);秦岭当归A.tsinlingensis 2n=22=18m+4sm; 阿坝当归A.apaensis 2n=22=14m+6sm+2st(SAT);隆萼当归A.oncosepala2n=4x=44=28m+12sm+4st,三小叶当归A.ternata 2n=22=10m+8sm(SAT)+4st(SAT);柳叶芹Czernaevialaevigata 2n=22=14m+6sm+2sm(SAT);短茎古当归Archangelica brevicaulis 2n=22=8m+2m(SAT)+4sm+4sm(SAT)+4st;高山芹Coelopleurum saxatile 2n=28=12m+6sm+10st。除带岭当归核型为1A型和高山芹为2B型外,其余种类均为2A型。根据染色体长度比和平均臂比绘制了本次和我们过去已报道的当归属及近缘属23种植物的核型散点图。据核型类型和近端着丝点的有无,把当归属20个种的核型分3组。并结合外部形态、花粉类型和地理分布,探讨了各近缘属的系统演化关系。  相似文献   
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The present paper deals mainly with the karyotype analysis of five materials in Angelica dahurica collected in Yanbian of Jilin, Anguo of Hebei, Yuxian of Henan, Hangzhou of Zhejiang and Suining of Sichuan.  They are under the names “Dongbeidahuo”, “Qibaizhi”, “Yubaizhi”, ”Hangbaizhi” and “Chuanbaizhi” respe- ctively.  Among then “Dongbeidahuo” is a wild plant, which occurs in  northeastern China, and the others are cultivated as important crude drugs in some provinces. “Qi- Baizhi” and “Yubaizhi” have been identified as conspecific with the wild Baizhi-“Do- Ngbeidahuo” (A. dahurica) according to the external morphological features, whereas the other cultivated ones, “Hangbaizhi” and “Chuanbaizhi”, treated as a variety (A. dahu- rica var. formosana).      The results of karyotype analysis are shown in Plate 1, 2, with the formula 2n=22 =12 m+2 mSAT+4sm+4st. The karyotypes described here are constantly characterized by satellites attached to the fourth pair of metacentric chromosomes and differ from the pu- blished reports on the other species of the genus.  It is reasonable to say that the five materials collectively named “Baizhi” are taxonomically closely related to each other and could be regarded as conspecific.  Since the second chromosome pair is submetacen- tric in “Dongbeidahuo”, it may be justifiable to separate the wild plant from the cul- tivated ones and treat them as two separate varieties.  相似文献   
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本文首次报道四川八种当归属植物的染色体数目和核型。染色体基数x=11,除青海当归为四倍 体植物外,其余种类均为二倍体植物。金山当归  2n=22=20m+2sm;城口当归 2n=22=18m+2smsat+2sm;疏叶当归在不同地区有2种核型:2n=22=18m+4sm和 2n=22=16m+6sm;四川当归2n=22=16m+2smsat+4sm;茂汶当归2n=22=16m+6sm;青海当归 2n=4x=44=36m+8sm;当归2n= 22=14m+8sm;峨眉当归2n=22=10m+2sm+10st。除金山当归和 疏叶当归的部分居群核型为1A型外,其余种类均为2A型。根据核型的不对称性程度和外部形态分析 了各种类的演化水平,结合四川当归属植物的种类及地理分布,提出四川可能是当归属植物的原始中心和演化中心之一。  相似文献   
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伞形科植物染色体数目报告   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
 Chromosome numbers are reported for 26 species and varieties of Umbelliferae which belong to 3 subfamilies and 19 genera in this paper.  Of these, 13 counts are new records and some problems about chromosome numbers of Umbelliferae are simplydiscussed.  相似文献   
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Two new species of the family Umbelliferae are described from Southeastern Xizang of China. They are Pimpinella nyingchiensis Z. H. Pan et G. Yao and Ligusticum xizangense Z. H. Pan et Sheh.  相似文献   
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在为编写《Flora of China》伞形科而进行的修订工作中,提出了11个新组合,即矮小丝瓣芹Acronema minus (M. F. Watson) M. F. Watson & Z. H. Pan, 短柄丝瓣芹A. brevipedicellatum Z. H. Pan & M. F. Watson, 川西当归Angelica sinensis var. wilsonii (H. Wolff) Z. H. Pan & M. F. Watson, 云南细裂芹Harrysmithia franchetii (M. Hiroe) M. L. Sheh, 钝叶独活Heracleum candicans var. obtusifolium (Wall. ex DC.) F. T. Pu & M. F. Watson, 中华天胡荽Hydrocotyle hookeri ssp. chinensis (Dunn ex R. H. Shan & S. L. Liou) M. F. Watson & M. L. Sheh, 普渡天胡荽H. hookeri ssp. handelii (H. Wolff) M. F. Watson & M. L. Sheh, 锐棱岩风Libanotis grubovii (V. M. Vinogradova) M. L. Sheh & M. F. Watson, 美脉藁本Ligusticum likiangense (H. Wolff) F. T. Pu & M. F. Watson和线叶藁本L. nematophyllum (Pimenov & Kljuykov) F. T. Pu & M. F. Watson, 无管藁本L. nullivittatum (K. T. Fu) F. T. Pu & M. F. Watson和二色棱子芹Pleurospermum bicolor (Franch.) C. Norman ex Z. H. Pan & M. F. Watson.; 发现了1个新种,即短柄丝瓣芹。此外,还为Pleurospermum govanianum var. bicolor Franch.指定了后选模式。  相似文献   
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