排序方式： 共有27条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
戴昕 《首都体育学院学报》2003,15(1):99-101
从不可控制因素及可控制因素两方面介绍了如何认识骨密度下降及骨质疏松的自测方法，并对影响骨密度的诸项因素进行深入的探讨，从而说明每个人都面临看骨质疏松的危险，骨质疏松的预防比治疗又有效更重要。 相似文献
2.
骨折疏松影响已是当今世界主要的公共卫生问题之一,数以百万的人口受其影响。解决骨折疏松最好的方法是预防,而运动则是最好的预防手段。本文综述了运动抗骨折疏松的研究成果及相关的生物信号转导途径。 相似文献
3.
综述了不同年龄阶段女性参加体育锻炼与骨质密度的关系，体育锻炼对预防骨质疏松症的作用。适当的运动强度并且坚持长时间的锻炼，可以提高女性骨质密度。体育锻炼效果的大小还受女性月经状况、营养条件及雌性激素水平等方面的影响。通过坚持长久的体育锻炼来提高骨质密度以及肌肉力量、人体协调及平衡性，其作用的结果可以有效地预防由于骨质疏松症而导致的骨折。 相似文献
4.
膳食营养因素对中老年人骨质疏松的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着世界人口不断地老龄化,骨质疏松症将成为大规模的全球性健康问题。老年性骨质疏松的发生与整体功能下降、运动减少、营养代谢功能下降等有关。本文从骨质疏松的概念、病因病理、发病机制,以及营养素之间的相互联系及协同作用来探讨膳食营养因素对骨质疏松症患者的影响。论述了钙、钾、磷、钠、镁、锌、铜、锰、铅、铝以及维生素D、维生素K与骨质疏松发生的关系。许多营养素协同钙元素的吸收以及许多微量元素的变化都影响着中老年人骨量变化,从正反两方面影响骨质疏松症的发生。结论:合理的膳食和良好的生活饮食习惯可以预防和治疗骨质疏松。 相似文献
5.
通过对国内外运动治疗骨质疏松症的文献资料收集、归纳、整理并进行综合分析,着重分析目前运动治疗骨质疏松症的运动学因素实验研究成果,明确不同运动时间、频率、运动强度、运动方式对骨质疏松症的治疗效果,并得出初步结论：运动治疗OP时,30~60min/次、3~5次/周、50%~80%VO2max的长期锻炼最为有效,运动方式可根据个人的兴趣爱好选择耐力与力量运动相结合的方式。旨在为今后进一步研究骨质疏松症的运动干预处方提供一些理论依据,以便更好为骨质疏松症患者服务。 相似文献
6.
骨质疏松症的运动疗效及运动处方的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
将26例原发性OP患者按病情相当平分成A、B两组,分别进行不同负荷的运动治疗,运动项目为散步、跑步、健身操(结合哑铃、皮筋等器械)以及太极拳(24式简化太极拳、太极推手)等。根据患者的病情和运动的特点及Wolff定律制定运动处方。并且B组的运动负荷约为A组的75%。经18个月的运动治疗,将两组患者在治疗前后腰椎的骨密度值以及两组的疗效分别进行比较。结果:骨密度值都明显增大(P<0.01或P<0.05),并且A组的增幅大于B组;经疗效评定,A组治愈率为69.2%,好转率为23.1%,B组治愈率为38.5%,好转率为53.8%,有效率都为92.3%。疗效显著,症状消失或明显好转,并且A组的疗效优于B组(P<0.01)。结论:运动疗法是原发性OP治疗既经济又有效的疗法;骨密度及疗效与运动负荷成正相关;散步、跑步、健身操及太极拳等运动组合是治疗原发性OP有效的运动处方。 相似文献
7.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(1):81-88
Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a specific vibration programme with those of combined aerobic and resistance exercise training on bone mineral density (BMD), body composition, and muscular strength in post-menopausal women, over a period of 6 months. Thirty-two healthy, inactive post-menopausal women aged 46–62 years were divided into exercise (n = 10), vibration (n = 13), and control (n = 9) groups. The exercise group participated in a supervised programme of strength training at 70% of one-repetition maximum (1-RM) 2 days a week, and aerobic exercise at 70–85% of maximum heart rate one day a week. The vibration group performed vibration training 3 days a week (9 sets×45–80 s per session, 35–40 Hz, peak-to-peak amplitude of vertical vibration = 1.5 mm) on a vibration platform (NemesTM LCB, Bosco System). The BMD of the lumbar spine (L2–L4) was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and muscle strength with the 1-RM method at baseline and after 6 months of intervention. The BMD of L2–L4 increased in the exercise group (P < 0.05), remained steady in the vibration group, and decreased in the control group (P < 0.05). Muscular strength of leg-extension and leg-curl exercise improved by 28% and 25.5% (P < 0.01) in the exercise group and by 13% (P < 0.01) and 20.5% (P < 0.001) in the vibration group, respectively. The results indicate that conventional training contributed to the increase in BMD of L2–L4, while the vibration programme helped to maintain BMD in post-menopausal women. Both training programmes were efficient in improving muscle strength. 相似文献
8.
Sheng-yong Wu Hui-hui Jia Didier Hans Jing Lan Li-ying Wang Jing-xue Li Yue-zeng Cai 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(7):499-504
Objective: To demonstrate the validity and reliability of volumetric quantitative computed tomography (vQCT) with multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for hip bone mineral density (BMD) measurements, and to compare the differences between the two techniques in discriminating postmenopausal women with osteoporosis-related vertebral fractures from those without. Methods: Ninety subjects were enrolled and divided into three groups based on the BMD values of the lumbar spine and/or the femoral neck by DXA. Groups 1 and 2 consisted of postmenopausal women with BMD changes ＜-2SD, with and without radiographically confirmed vertebral fracture (n=11 and 33, respectively).Group 3 comprised normal controls with BMD changes ≥-1SD (n=46). Post-MSCT (GE, LightSpeed16) scan reconstructed images of the abdominal-pelvic region, 1.25 mm thick per slice, were processed by OsteoCAD software to calculate the following parameters: volumetric BMD values of trabecular bone (TRAB), cortical bone (CORT), and integral bone (INTGL) of the left femoral neck, femoral neck axis length (NAL), and minimum cross-section area (mCSA). DXA BMD measurements of the lumbar spine (AP-SPINE) and the left femoral neck (NECK) also were performed for each subject. Results: The values of all seven parameters were significantly lower in subjects of Groups 1 and 2 than in normal postmenopausal women (P＜0.05, respectively).Comparing Groups 1 and 2, 3D-TRAB and 3D-INTGL were significantly lower in postmenopausal women with vertebral fracture(s) [(109.8±9.61) and (243.3±33.0) mg/cm3, respectively] than in those without [(148.9±7.47) and (285.4±17.8) mg/cm3,respectively] (P＜0.05, respectively), but no significant differences were evident in AP-SPINE or NECK BMD. Conclusion: the femoral neck-derived volumetric BMD parameters using vQCT appeared better than the DXA-derived ones in discriminating osteoporotic postmenopausal women with vertebral fractures from those without, vQCT might be useful to evaluate the effect of osteoporotic vertebral fracture status on changes in bone mass in the femoral neck. 相似文献
9.
Shun-zhi Liu Hong Yan Wei-kun Hou Peng Xu Juan Tian Li-fang Tian Bo-feng Zhu Jie Ma She-min Lu 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(8):609-618
Objective: To investigate the relationships between endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) G894T and 27 bp-variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women of Chinese Han nationality. Methods: In the present study, 281 postmenopausal women from Xi'an urban area in West China were recruited, and divided into osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups according to the diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis proposed by World Health Organization (WHO). The bone mineral density (BMD) values of lumbar vertebrae and left hips were determined by QDR-2000 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were tested for plasma biochemical indicators including testosterone, estradiol, calcitonin, osteocalcin, and procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase by spectrophotometric method, and the content of nitric oxide by Griess method. Genome DNA was extracted from whole blood, and G894T polymorphism of eNOS gene was analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and 27 bp-VNTR polymorphism of eNOS gene was genotyped by PCR method. Then the relationships between genotypes and biochemical indicators, genotypes and osteoporosis, and haplotypes and osteoporosis were analyzed. Results: The average BMD values of the femoral neck, ward's triangle and lumbar vertebrae 1～4 (L1～L4) in the subjects with T/T genotype in eNOS G894T locus were significantly higher than those in the subjects with G/T and G/G genotypes (P<0.05). The average BMD of the femoral neck in the subjects with a/a genotype of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR locus was evidently higher than that in the subjects with b/b genotype (P<0.05). The plasma testosterone and osteocalcin concentrations in the subjects of eNOS G894T G/T genotype were evidently higher than those in the subjects of other genotypes (P<0.05); the plasma estradiol concentration in the subjects of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a/a genotype was obviously higher than that in the subjects of b/b genotype (P<0.01). eNOS G/G homozygous frequencies in osteoporosis women, osteopenia women, and normal women were 85.37%, 76.38%, and 83.87%, respectively (P＞0.05). 0% osteoporosis woman, 0.79% osteopenia women, and 3.23% normal women were eNOS a/a homozygous (P<0.05). The frequencies of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a allele were 5.33% in the osteoporosis group, 10.24% in the osteopenia group, and 16.13% in the normal group (P<0.05, odds ratio (OR)=0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.11～0.77), suggesting that a/a genotype and a allele might have protective effects on osteoporosis. The haplotype analysis showed that G-b was 87.7% (214/244) in the osteoporosis group (P<0.05, OR=2AS, 95% CI=1.18～5.18). G-a was 5.3% (13/244) in the osteoporosis group (P<0.05, OR=0.29, 95% CI=0.11～0.77). G-b was a risk factor for osteoporosis, and G-a a protective factor. Conclusion: eNOS G894T G/T genotype influenced the plasma testosterone and osteocalcin concentrations, and T/T genotype influenced BMD. eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a/a genotype increased plasma estradiol concentration to have a protective effect on osteoporosis. 相似文献
10.
运动-雌激素-骨代谢相关性研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
临床研究表明,雌激素缺乏是导致绝经后妇女骨质疏松的一个危险因素。适宜运动可以增加体内雌激素的分泌,但剧烈运动、大强度训练可影响下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴,使体内雌激素水平降低,对骨代谢产生负面影响。当雌激素缺乏时,运动员骨细胞对负荷的适应性可能导致骨的转运和吸收加速,反之,对骨代谢的成骨作用刺激减弱。运动-雌激素-骨代谢三者间的密切相关性,提示科学保护竞技运动员,尤其是女性专职运动员、教练员骨组织健康的必要性与重要意义。 相似文献